Su Wu

Su Wu

Su Wu (140-60 BC), a native of duling (now Xi'an, Shaanxi), was an outstanding diplomat and national hero in the Western Han Dynasty.

When Emperor Wu was emperor, he was Lang. In the first year of the Tian Han Dynasty (the first 100 years), he was ordered to send Zhonglang general to Xiongnu and was detained. The Xiongnu nobles threatened and lured him to surrender many times. Later, they moved him to the north coast to herd sheep and threatened to release him to return home only after the ram had a son. Su Wu lived in Xiongnu for 19 years. In the sixth year of Shiyuan (81 BC), he was released back to Han Dynasty. Emperor Xuan of Han Dynasty listed Su Wu as one of the eleven meritorious officials of Qilin Pavilion, praising his patriotism and loyalty.

In the second year of shenjue reign of Emperor Xuan (60 BC), Su Wu died at the age of more than 80.

Life of the characters

Early experience

When Su Wu was young, with the help of his father Su Jian, he became an official doctor with his elder brother Su Jia and younger brother Su Xian. Later, he was promoted to the post of Shizhong stable supervisor.

Mission to Xiongnu

During the period of Emperor Wu of Han Dynasty, the Han Dynasty constantly attacked Xiongnu, and both sides sent envoys to scout each other for many times. The Huns detained more than ten groups of Han envoys such as Guo Ji and luchong, and the Han Dynasty also detained the Huns envoys to offset them. In the first year of the Han Dynasty (100 years ago), and Marquis Shan Yu ascended the throne, afraid of being attacked by the Han Dynasty, he said, "the emperor of the Han Dynasty is my elder." He returned the Han envoy luchong who had been detained before. In order to praise it, Emperor Wu sent Su Wu as Zhonglang general to escort the Hun envoys detained in the Han Dynasty back home, and presented Shan Yu with a gift to thank him. Su Wu, together with Zhang Sheng, deputy Zhonglang general, and Chang Hui, a temporary envoy, recruited more than 100 soldiers and scouts. When they arrived in Xiongnu, they presented the goods to Shan Yu. Shan Yu is becoming more and more arrogant, which is not what Han expected. Shan Yu sent messengers to escort Su Wu and others. It happened that King Gou and Yu Chang conspired against Xiongnu and secretly planned to kidnap Shan Yu's mother, the family of Kai, and go to the Han Dynasty. It happened that Su Wu and others arrived at Xiongnu. When Yu Chang was in the Han Dynasty, he had an old relationship with Zhang Sheng. He paid a private visit to Zhang Sheng and said, "I heard that the emperor of the Han Dynasty hated Wei Lu very much. I can shoot him with a secret arrow for the Han Dynasty. My mother and brother are both in the Han Dynasty. I hope they will be rewarded by the Han Dynasty. " Zhang Sheng promised him and gave Yu Chang a lot of money. More than a month later, Shan Yu went out hunting, and only he and Shan Yu's children were there. Yu Chang and other 70 people before the incident, a person to escape at night, exposed their plan. Shan Yu's children fought against them, and King Gou and others died; Yu was often captured alive. Shan Yu sent Wei law to hear the case. When Zhang Sheng heard the news, he worried that what he and Yu Chang said would be exposed, so he told Su Wu about it. "It's happened, and it's going to affect me," Su said. If I have been violated, I will be even more sorry to the country. " So I wanted to commit suicide. Zhang Sheng and Chang Hui stopped him. As expected, Yu Chang confessed Zhang Sheng. In a rage, Shan Yu summoned the nobles to discuss and wanted to kill the Han emissary. Zuo Yizhi Zi said: "if someone murders Shan Yu, how to increase the penalty? They should all surrender. " Shan Yu sent Wei Lv to summon Su Wu to be interrogated. Su Wu said to Chang Hui, "even if you are alive, you will have a face for the Han people." He said that he was going to stab himself with a knife. Wei Lu was very surprised. He hugged Su Wu and sent someone to ride a horse to the doctor. The doctor dug a pit on the ground, ignited the fire in the pit, put Su Wu on the pit and knocked him on the back to let the blood flow out. Su Wu had already lost his breath. It took a long time for him to breathe. Chang Hui and others cry and use their car to carry Su Wu back to the camp. Shan Yu admires Su Wu's integrity. Sooner or later, he sends people to visit and inquire, and imprisons Zhang Sheng. Su Wu's injury gradually improved. Shan Yu sent envoys to persuade Su Wu to surrender, and tried Yu Chang at the same time, in order to make Su Wu surrender. After killing Yu Chang with his sword, Wei Lu said: "Han emissary Zhang Sheng's murder of Chanyu's close minister should be a capital crime, but Chanyu recruits people who are willing to surrender and forgives him." If you raise your sword, you should chop Zhang Sheng. Zhang Sheng, please surrender. Wei Lu said to Su Wu, "if the adjutant is guilty, the principal should also sit together." Su Wu said: "I didn't take part in the plan, and I'm not his relative. Why should I sit together?" Wei Lu raised his sword to Su Wu again, but Su Wu did not move. Wei Lu said: "Su Jun, I abandoned the Han Dynasty to surrender to the Xiongnu. Fortunately, I was favored by Shan Yu. I was given a title and wealth, managed tens of thousands of people, and had cattle and horses all over the mountain. Only in this way can I be as rich as today. Su Jun surrenders today and will be like me tomorrow. Otherwise, they will use their bodies to make fertilizer for weeds. Who will know Su Wu did not respond. Wei Lu said, "if you surrender to me, I can be your brother. If you don't listen to my advice today, it won't be easy for you to see me again in the future. " Su Wu scolded Wei Lu and said, "you are a minister, regardless of kindness and righteousness, betraying the monarch and parents, surrendering to barbarians to be a prisoner. What do I see you do? Besides, just trusting you and letting you decide the life and death of others, you enforce the law fairly. Instead, you want to stir up the conflict between the two monarchs and watch for success or failure on your own. Nanyue kingdom once killed Han Dynasty envoys and was finally destroyed by Han Dynasty, and Nanyue kingdom became nine counties of Han Dynasty; King Wan once killed Han Dynasty envoys and was finally destroyed by Han Dynasty, and his head was hung in the north gate for public display; Korea killed Han Dynasty envoys and was immediately destroyed. Only the Huns had not suffered such a fate. You know that if I don't surrender, you want to kill me and make the two countries go to war. The destruction of Xiongnu begins with me. " Wei Lu knew Su Wu could not be coerced and reported Shan Yu. Shan Yu wanted to make him surrender more and more, so he imprisoned Su Wu and put him in the cellar of the earth. It's snowing. Su Wu chews the snow and swallows it with his blanket. He will not die for a few days. The Huns thought that he was a man of God, so they moved Su Wu to Beihai and asked him to release the ram. They said that he could return to the Han Dynasty only when the ram gave birth to a lamb. At the same time, his subordinates Chang Hui and others were placed in other places.

Shepherd Beihai

When Su Wu arrived in Beihai, he didn't supply food, so he had to dig up the fruits stored by wild mice to eat. Su Wu was on the aid of the Han Festival sheep, living with, so that all the hair on the festival fell off. After five or six years, Shan Yu's younger brother, King Yu, went to the North Sea to hunt. Su Wu would weave hunting nets, correct bows and crossbows, and give him heavy weapons, clothing and food. More than three years later, King Yu was seriously ill and gave suwu horses, livestock, clothing and shelter. After the death of King Yu, his subordinates also moved away. In winter, Dingling people steal Su Wu's cattle and sheep, and Su Wu is poor again. In the Han Dynasty, Su Wu and Li Ling both served as the official positions of the Chamberlain. In the second year of Emperor Wu's reign (99 BC), Li Ling surrendered to Xiongnu and did not dare to visit suwu. Later, Shan Yu sent Li Ling to Beihai to set up banquets, songs and dances for Su Wu. Li Ling said to Su Wu, "Shan Yu heard that Ziqing and I have a deep friendship, so let me persuade you that he really believes that you can become a minister of Xiongnu. You can't go back to the Han Dynasty until you die. You suffer in a place where there is no one. Even if you stick to your faith, who can see it? In the past, Changjun (Su Jia's character) served as the commander of Fengche and followed Shengjia to Fuyang palace in Yongdi. The emperor helped the chariot to get rid of it and broke the shaft of the chariot when it hit the pillar. He was accused of disrespect and committed suicide with his sword. The Emperor gave him two million yuan as funeral expenses. Ruqing (Su Xian's word) followed shengjiaci to Houtu in the east of the river. The eunuch and the emperor's son-in-law of Huangmen fought for a boat and pushed the emperor's son-in-law into the river and drowned. The emperor ordered Ruqing to pursue him, but he didn't catch him. Ruqing was afraid to commit suicide by taking poison. When I came here, your mother had died. I was buried in Yangling. Your wife is young. I heard she has remarried. There are only two sisters, two daughters and one son. It has been more than ten years since you left home. I don't know if you are still alive. Life is as short as morning dew. Why should I suffer so long! When I first surrendered, I was as miserable as crazy. I hated that I had betrayed the Han Dynasty, and that my mother was taken in Baogong. You don't want to surrender. Is it better than me? What's more, your majesty is old and the laws are changeable. There are dozens of Ministers who have been exterminated without committing a crime. They can't even guarantee their own safety. Do you care for others? Please follow my advice and don't say anything else Su Wu said: "we Su family have no credit. It's all because of your Majesty's ability to be a general and a marquis. My brother is a close minister. I always want to repay his kindness with all my heart. Now I feel happy to be able to repay my kindness by killing myself, even when I go up the mountain and down the oil pot. A minister serves a monarch as a son serves a father. It's no pity that a son died for his father. I hope you don't say any more. " After drinking with Su Wu for a few days, Li Ling said, "just listen to me." Su Wu said: "I have already died! If you want to die in front of the Xiongnu today, please stop me Seeing Su Wu's sincerity, Li Ling sighed: "what a righteous man! The sins of Wei Lu and I are connected with heaven He said that he was wet with tears and would never leave Su Wu. Later, Li Ling went to Beihai again and said to Su Wu, "in the area of qutuo, people were caught alive in the clouds. He said that the officials and people under the Taishou were all dressed in white. He said that the emperor died." After hearing this, Su Wu cried and vomited blood for several months every morning and evening.

Return to the Han Dynasty and become an official

In 87 BC, Emperor Zhao ascended the throne. A few years later, the Huns and the Han Dynasty reached a peace. The Han Dynasty sought Su Wu and so on, but the Xiongnu lied that Su Wu was dead. Later Han envoys went to Xiongnu again. Chang Hui asked his guards to go with him. At night, he met Han envoys and originally told about his situation in Xiongnu in recent years. Tell the Han envoy to say to Shan Yu: the emperor of the Han Dynasty shot a wild goose in the Shanglin garden with silk books on his feet. It says that Su Wu and others are in the North Sea. Han emissary was very happy and asked Shan Yu as usual. Shan Yu was very surprised to see the people around him. He apologized to Han Shi and said, "Su Wu and others are still alive." So Li Ling held a banquet to congratulate Su Wu and said, "today you are still home. You are famous among the Huns and have made great achievements among the Han Royal family. Even if the deeds recorded in ancient history books are not the same as those drawn in pictures

Chinese PinYin : Su Wu