Dongfang Shuo

Dongfang Shuo

Dongfang Shuo (about 161-93 BC?) Manqian is a famous writer in the Western Han Dynasty.

Emperor Wu of Han Dynasty ascended the throne and recruited scholars from all over the world. Dongfang Shuo wrote a letter to recommend himself, and worshipped him as Lang. Later, he served as a doctor and Taizhong doctor. He was witty, quick witted, funny and witty. He often talked about the political gains and losses before emperor Wu of Han Dynasty. He was on Chen's plan of "strengthening the country through agriculture and war". Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty always regarded it as the speech of Haiyou.

Dongfang Shuo wrote a lot of works in his life, such as answering the guest's difficulties, and on non you sir. There are also posterity writing under the pretext of its name. In Ming Dynasty, Zhang Puhui wrote the collection of Oriental Taizhong.

Life of the characters

Written by bus Department

Dongfang Shuo was born in the third year of the Yuan Dynasty (161 BC) after Emperor Wen of the Han Dynasty. In his early years, he liked the books handed down from ancient times, loved Confucian classics, and read a wide range of books. In the first year of Emperor Hanwu's accession to the throne (the first year of Jianyuan, 140 BC), he recruited people who were virtuous, upright and talented in literature. Scholars and Confucians from all over the world applied for the job one after another. Dongfang Shuo wrote the contents of 3000 bamboo slips, which two people could afford, while Emperor Wu spent two months to read. According to the Hanshu, in the self recommendation, Dongfang Shuo said, "I lost my parents when I was young and grew up with the support of my brother and sister-in-law. I began to study at the age of 13, and after three years of hard work, I had enough books to read. I learned fencing at the age of 15, and poetry and books at the age of 16. I read 220000 words. At the age of 19, he began to learn the art of war and common sense of war. He knew how to use various weapons and how to make soldiers move forward and backward. We have also read 220000 words in this field, with a total of 440000 words. I admire Zilu's bold words. Now I am twenty-two years old and nine feet three inches tall. His eyes are bright like pearls, his teeth are white and neat like arranged shells, his courage is like mengben, his agility is like Qingji, his honesty is like Uncle Bao, and his faithfulness is like afterlife. A man like me should be able to be the Minister of the emperor After reading the book, Emperor Wu thought Dongfang Shuo was extraordinary, so he ordered him to wait in the bus department.

Waiting for imperial edict jinmamen

Due to the meager salary of the bus order and the fact that it was not summoned by Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, Dongfang Shuo was very dissatisfied. In order to be summoned by Emperor Wu of Han Dynasty as soon as possible, Dong Fangshuo deliberately threatened the dwarfs who raised horses for Emperor Wu of Han Dynasty: "the emperor said that you people can neither farm nor fight, nor have the talent of running a country. It's not good for the country, so he planned to kill you. Why don't you go to the emperor and beg for mercy? " The dwarfs were terrified and cried to Emperor Hanwu for mercy. When Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty asked why, he called Dongfang Shuo to question. Dongfang Shuo finally had a chance to face the emperor directly. "I had to," he said wittily. The dwarf is three feet tall, and I am nine feet tall. However, I earn as much as the dwarf. I can't support them and starve them! If the emperor doesn't want to reuse me, he will just let me go home. I don't want to waste the capital's food for nothing. " After hearing this, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty burst into laughter, so he ordered him to wait for the imperial edict in jinmamen, so far Dongfang Shuo was a little closer.

Newly promoted Chang Shi Lang

Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty once hid the gecko in a bowl while playing the game of shooting, but no one guessed it. Dongfang Shuo asked Emperor Wu, "I have studied Yi. Please allow me to guess what it is." So he arranged the yarrow into various hexagrams and replied, "I think it's a dragon without horns. I think it's a snake with feet. It's a lizard or a gecko. It's good at climbing the wall. It's a snake with feet. It's a lizard or a gecko." So Emperor Wu of Han Dynasty gave Dongfang Shuo ten pieces of silk. Later, Emperor Wu asked Dongfang Shuo to guess other things, and every time Dongfang Shuo guessed, he was rewarded. Therefore, Dongfang Shuo was envied by Guo Shiren, the actor favored by Emperor Wu of Han Dynasty. Guo Shiren told Emperor Wu that Dongfang Shuo was arrogant. In fact, he had no real ability. It was only by chance that he guessed correctly. He asked Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty to fight with Dongfang Shuo. Guo Sheren used the parasite on the tree to make a question, but Dongfang Shuo guessed it. After the defeat, Guo Shiren was still unwilling and gave Dongfang Shuo a riddle. However, Dongfang Shuo answered immediately. No riddle could stop him, and everyone present was very surprised. Since then, Emperor Wu of Han Dynasty appointed Dongfang Shuo as his servant, and Dongfang Shuo was finally loved and favored by Emperor Wu of Han Dynasty.

Dr. Bai Zhongtai

In the third year of Jianyuan (138 BC), Emperor Wu of Han Dynasty often went hunting as Marquis of Pingyang, and the time of traveling ranged from one day to five days. Later, this kind of play could not be satisfied by Emperor Wu of Han Dynasty. In addition to the long journey and being bored by the local people, Emperor Wu of Han Dynasty had the idea of building Shanglin garden. After estimating the value of the farmland occupied by the garden, the wasteland of the county was set aside to compensate the farmers. When he made this decision, Dongfang Shuo happened to be on the scene. He advised Emperor Wu that the land where Shanglin garden was located was rich in natural resources and dangerous terrain. If it was built, it would be a plan of not caring for the farming time and not enriching the country and strengthening the people. Three reasons why Shanglin garden can't be built are listed. Another example is that the construction projects of King Zhou of Yin, King Ling of Chu and the first emperor of Qin led to chaos. In the end, I present "six talismans of Taiji" in the hope that Emperor Wu of Han Dynasty can observe the variation of celestial phenomena and reflect on what he has done. Therefore, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty paid homage to Dongfang Shuo as the official position of a thousand Shi Taizhong officials, gave him the title of Shi Zhong, and rewarded him with 100 Jin of gold.

Removal and restoration of Zhonglang

Dongfang Shuo was once drunk and urinated in the hall after entering the hall, which was impeached by other officials. Because of the crime of great disrespect, Emperor Wu of Han Dynasty issued an imperial edict to remove him from office and demote Dongfang Shuo to a common man. Let Dongfang Shuo wait for the imperial edict in the official department. Later, zhaopingjun, the son of Princess Longwu, the elder sister of Emperor Hanwu, was arrested and imprisoned for murder. Before the death of Princess Longwu, Emperor Hanwu promised his elder sister to redeem zhaopingjun's death with gold and ten million yuan in advance. However, when Zhaoping really committed the crime of murder, Emperor Wu of Han Dynasty didn't want to violate the rule of law and let the judge who investigated the case make a judgment according to law. I feel bad for breaking my promise to my sister. At this time, Dongfang Shuo raised his glass to Emperor Wu for his birthday. Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty thought that Dongfang Shuo's words were not the right time to leave. Only in the evening did he see Dongfang Shuo and ask why. Dongfang Shuo uses the theory of Yin Yang and five elements to describe the influence of sadness on the life span of his body. Wine is the best thing to relieve his sorrow. Therefore, it shows his Majesty's uprightness and helps his majesty to relieve his sorrow. So Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty appointed Dongfang Shuo as Zhonglang, and awarded him 100 pieces of cloth and silk.

Good words when dying

Dongfang Shuo recommended his son to be a Langguan, and his son was promoted to be a eunuch. He often served as an envoy under the order of Emperor Wu of Han Dynasty. And Dongfang Shuo Lao, on his deathbed, exhorted Emperor Wu to say: "in the book of songs, it is said that" the flies flying around fall on the fence. A kind and kind gentleman should not listen to slander. " "There is no end to slander, and there is no peace in the neighboring countries." I hope your majesty will stay away from those who flatter you and repel their slander. " Emperor Wu said: "now Dongfang Shuo talks so seriously." And I was surprised. After a while, Dongfang Shuo fell ill and died. The ancient book says: "when a bird is dying, its cry is very sad; when a man is dying, its words are very kind." That's what I mean.

Main achievements

Political contribution

Dongfang Shuo was a Taizhong official with the highest position of one thousand stones. In the Han Wu Dynasty, he failed to establish the political merit of the title of Qing history books. However, he accompanied Emperor Wu and his ministers for many years as a close aide, which also had a certain impact on Emperor Wu's behavior. Dongfang Shuo used the opportunity to approach Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty to observe his words and feelings, and he would speak out when he had the opportunity. He admonished Emperor Wu to abstain from extravagance in the matter of building Shanglin garden, admonished Emperor Wu to enforce the law justly in the matter of killing Zhaoping king, and admonished Emperor Wu to correct corruption in the case of the master. There are many such things.

Literary achievements

Dongfang Shuo is humorous, quick spoken, funny and intelligent. According to the records of secretary Shi, he and Meigao have more Ci and Fu, but few of them exist in the world.

Character evaluation

Sima Zhen: "funny birds, like fat, like Wei. Quick change, learning words. Chunyu Suo Jue, Zhao Xingshi. Chu you refused to be a prime minister, and he got the ancestral temple in his bedroom. Great Fang Shuo, three chapters of the discipline. " Liu Xiang: "when I asked the elders a few times, the sages who were familiar with the events and the new year's time all said that the new year's mouth was harmonious and advocated arguments, and they could not hold on to arguments. They liked to recite for the mediocre, so there were many rumors in later generations." Yang Xiong: "Shuo's words are not pure teachers, and his deeds are not pure virtues. His letters are as contemptuous as his letters." Huang Tan: "Dongfang Shuo's short words and thin language are used to refer to faithfulness. Everyone is called Shuo Da Zhi, and the later sages are not equal to him. " Ban Gu: 1) if the name of a man is too real, he should be humorous as if he were excellent, not poor as if he were wise, upright as if he were upright, and immoral as if he were hidden. Liu Xiahui, not Yi or Qi but Liu Xiahui, abstained from his son's above tolerance: "the first Yang is clumsy, and the next pillar is work; he is satisfied with food and pace, and changes his official position to agriculture; he plays with the world according to seclusion, and he is cunning and does not meet.". How funny! Shuo's witty, every account of the shooting, its superficial, line in the common people, children and herdsmen are all dazzling ② "Dongfang's supporting speech is witty, advocating excellence, ridiculing Yuanjian and Yan, admonishing Juyou, cherishing flesh and polluting the palace, relaxing and floating."

Anecdotes

Historical stories

When Dongfang Shuo was a constant servant, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty once rewarded his servants with meat on a dog's day. However, taiguancheng, who was in charge of meat distribution, was delayed in the future. Dongfang Shuo pulled out his sword to cut his flesh and said to his colleagues, "I should go home early in the dog days. Please allow me to accept the reward of the emperor." Then he wrapped up the meat and left with it in his arms. Later, taiguancheng played the matter to Emperor Wu of Han Dynasty. Emperor Wu then asked Dongfang Shuo: "yesterday, you gave meat. You didn't wait for the imperial edict to be issued. You cut the meat with your sword. Why?" So Dongfang Shuo took off his hat and knelt down to apologize. Emperor Hanwu said: "Sir, stand up and blame yourself." Dongfang Shuo said, "Dongfang Shuo! Dongfang Shuo!

Chinese PinYin : Dong Fang Shuo