Zhao Sheng

Zhao Sheng

Zhao Sheng (1881-1911), whose name is Bai Xian and Bo Xian, used to be song Wang sun and Ge Nianci. Jiangsu Dantu (now Zhenjiang) Dagang Town. In February 1903, he went to Japan to study and met Huang Xing. In the summer of the same year, he returned to China as a teacher of Nanjing Liangjiang Normal University and a supervisor of Changsha Industrial school. He actively publicized revolutionary ideas and wrote a seven character libretto, the National Anthem of Bao. In October 1909, he served as the commander-in-chief of Guangzhou Uprising and made specific plans. At the end of June 1910, he and Sun Yat Sen and Huang Xing decided on a large-scale strategy in Nanyang. On March 29, 1911, he led the army to Guangzhou to participate in the attempted uprising. On May 18, he passed away with grief and indignation, aged only 30.

Life of the characters

Zhao Sheng (1881-1911), who was born in Dagang street, Zhenjiang New District, Zhenjiang City, Jiangsu Province.

He is very smart, outspoken, practicing writing and martial arts. He is able to write at the age of 8 and takes an exam at the age of 9. When he was 14 years old, a villager was arrested by a corrupt official. His mother cried for his father's rescue, but Sheng had been put into prison to rescue the villager.

In the autumn of 1901, he won the first place in Jiangnan Naval Academy. In school, they are increasingly inclined to oppose the Qing Dynasty, which has won the support of their classmates. The students suffered from feudal control, raised their voice to negotiate with the school authorities, and were forced to drop out of school due to fierce speech. Once I wrote a composition for a student of Lu normal school. Yu Mingzhen, the supervisor of Lu normal school, found it. He was greatly appreciated and accepted it. After class study of western bourgeois democracy, deeply felt that the state must reform the autocratic system. Chang said to his classmates that we are studying hard today not to make a fortune and become officials, but to save our country from the darkness. After graduation, we went to Japan to learn Huang Xing, He Xiangning and so on. We firmly believe that China has great hope and that the implementation of the revolution is important. He soon returned to Dagang to set up a publishing house, a small school and a sports association to publicize the idea of saving the country.

In the autumn of the 29th year of the reign of Emperor Guangxu of the Qing Dynasty, he was a teacher of Liangjiang Normal University in Nanjing. He wrote the national anthem, denouncing the brutal crimes of the Qing Dynasty and calling on people to unite and revolt to establish the Republic. Zhang Shizhao reprinted and distributed it, which had a profound influence. At that time, there was a nationwide anti Russian movement. The audience was filled with indignation when they took part in the student assembly of the Arctic Pavilion and spoke about the revolution through Russian affairs. He was hated by local officials and wanted to be arrested, so he left Hunan and became a teacher of Changsha Industrial school. The revolutionary thought of Hunan academic circles has been inculcated, and is even more magnificent and new.

In June of the next year, he heard that Yuan Shikai had expanded his northern army, so he went north to Baoding. However, Yuan Zhisheng, a member of the revolutionary party, appointed a clerical post and secretly monitored him. Then he came to Beijing and met Wu Yue, a member of the party, who was willing to fight against the Qing Dynasty. After parting, he once sent a poem to Wu, which said, "a good head will be thrown, and the national soul will be captured by space.". In the autumn of the 31st year of the reign of Emperor Guangxu of the Qing Dynasty, the Beiyang army held an autumn exercise in Hejian. It was called as a team officer in a town. It launched an uprising on camera, but the plan failed. He was suitable for Jiangnan to establish a new army and served as a staff officer and a coach of Jiangyin new army.

Later, he went to Guangxi with Guo Renzhang as the leader, and often inspired his subordinates with the help of Hongyang affairs, but the officials were very strict and failed to succeed. When he returned to Ningxia, he was appointed as the second battalion of the 33rd standard in Jiuzhen, and was promoted to standard unification soon. The next year, he joined the alliance and devoted himself to cultivating revolutionary forces. His troops were "the most civilized in the army of the whole country". Xu Shaozhen, who was in charge of the nine towns, praised and said: "at present, only Boxian is able to build a hard stronghold and fight a deadly battle." He went to Xiaoling Mausoleum of the Ming Dynasty to tell the story of the rise and fall of Zhu and Ming, and the crime of killing Han people by the Qing army. Duan Fang, the governor of Liangjiang, found out the matter and wanted to harm Zhao Sheng. Xu Shaozhen was able to protect it and remove it.

In December, the Ping Liu Li uprising broke out. Duanfang sent Xu to suppress the uprising. He accompanied the army. He secretly sent someone to contact the uprising leader and meet him before the battle. Unexpectedly, the rebel army was defeated in Pingxiang. Then he left Guangdong and served as the new army's second standard and second battalion management belt. Because of his ability to manage the army, he was promoted to the standard system. Not long after, Liu Siyu, a powerful family in Lianzhou, started fighting against sugar donation. He was ordered to go to suppress it with Guo Renzhang. He secretly sent someone to discuss with Liu Siyu and ask Guo to take over. Under the pretext of refusing, Guo made a surprise attack on the uprising, which resulted in the defeat of the uprising. The sound of the magistrate can't do, single ride advised Liu to transfer, Liu didn't listen and Guo suppressed.

In July, Wang Heshun, a member of the alliance, revolted in Qinzhou. Sun Yat Sen sent people to contact Guo Renzhang and Zhao Sheng for help. Guo ostensibly agreed and informed the governor of Guangdong. And when the uprising army attacked Qinzhou, Guo led his troops to block, which caused the uprising army to suffer great losses and turn to attack Lingshan. When he returned to Lianzhou, he drank heavily with the generals and schools and chanted, "more than 800 athletes are enthusiastic and feel ashamed that they are not the Yue army.".

In the spring of the 34th year of the reign of Emperor Guangxu of the Qing Dynasty, he returned to Guangzhou and was demoted to be the supervisor of the Army primary school because of Guo's informer.

The governor of Guangdong and Guangdong loves his talents and plans to raise his voice to be the first union. Duan Fang learned that he wrote to army Minister Yin Chang and secretly sent a telegram to Guangdong governor, saying: "voice can be reused, but thinking is dangerous. Don't raise a tiger to cause trouble." The voice was then lowered to the tone of the governor's office.

In March of the next year, he finally returned home because of difficulties. Duan Fang got the news and ordered the civil and military forces to arrest him. Fortunately, he got the news and left. His home was harassed for two months. Soon after, he went to Hong Kong to plan the uprising of the new army in Guangzhou. He was promoted as commander in chief and Ni YINGDIAN as deputy. He decided to start the uprising in the Spring Festival of 1910. Unexpectedly, the new army and the police clashed on New Year's Eve. After Ni returned to the province on the third day of junior high school to learn about the situation, he failed to report to the police. He led the army to attack and was defeated. The party rose again but failed in Shunde games. The more officials hide their land, the more difficult it is for them to buy it. In June of the third year of Xuantong in the Qing Dynasty, he was called to Japan, which was highly valued by Sun Yat Sen. he and Tan Renfeng learned the lesson of failure in many uprisings. Please take the Yangtze River Basin as the revolutionary center, but it was not adopted.

In November, Sun Yat Sen called on Penang to study the uprising and decided to gather the elites of the whole party to fight to the death with the Qing government. After Guangzhou won, it took advantage of the Northern Expedition and directly attacked the old nest of the Qing Dynasty. On December 2, he wrote to Dr. Sun Yat Sen: "it seems that when Mr. Sun went to Europe, he still wanted to speed up." "I will never steal this tasteless life if I promise my country with my life." It expresses the spirit of devoting oneself to the revolution.

At the end of January of the next year, an overall planning department was set up. Huang Xing served as minister and Sheng as vice minister. The uprising was scheduled for March 15, and Sheng was promoted as commander in chief. Unexpectedly, Wen Shengcai, a member of the party, stabbed Fu Qi, the leader of the garrison. The Qing officials were shocked and the whole city was searched. The uprising was delayed until the 28th. Huang Xing entered Guangdong three days before the uprising. Seeing the tense situation, he postponed the uprising for one day. On the night of the 28th, Huang Xing received an urgent telegram: "come to Guangzhou to revolt." At that time, there were no ships from Hong Kong to Guangzhou.

The next day, when he arrived in Guangzhou, it was a failure and irreparable. As the commander-in-chief, he didn't go to the battlefield in person. He was depressed and indignant when he came back to Hong Kong and became ill. When he was seriously ill and in a coma, he still called "Yellow Emperor" and "Yue Wumu". Later, he called his comrades to his bed and encouraged them: "I'm sorry for the comrades who died. It's up to you to take revenge." He also chanted the poem "death before victory, often makes heroes full of tears".

He died on April 20 and was buried in Hong Kong. He wrote "the tomb of the owner of Tianxiang Pavilion" anonymously. Zhang Binglin was an obituary to report the national humiliation. "The Chinese and foreign scholars, who knew or didn't know, heard it as tears." Huang Xing and Hu Hanmin wrote "a letter to the Nanyang compatriots" on behalf of the alliance. The new soldiers in Jiangnan wept and mourned when they heard about the loss.

In the first year of the Republic of China (1912), Dr. Sun Yat Sen ordered Zhao Sheng to be a senior general to welcome his remains and bury them in Zhulin temple in Zhenjiang. In the 15th year of the Republic of China, Zhenjiang people built Boxian Park as a memorial.

As a pioneer of China's democratic revolution, Zhao Sheng's young life turned into a thunderbolt of overthrowing feudalism and opening up the Republic. He made immortal contributions to the rise of the Chinese nation and wrote a brilliant chapter in the history of the Chinese nation.

Anecdotes of characters

Creating the National Anthem

Zhao Sheng (1881-1911), formerly known as Yusheng, was born in Dagang Town of Dantu (now Zhenjiang), Jiangsu Province. Revolutionaries. He has little ambition and is good at literature and martial arts. 17-year-old middle-aged scholar. In 1901, he was admitted to Jiangnan Naval Academy and Lushi academy, and began to contact with bourgeois democratic political theory. In February 1903, he went to Japan to make an investigation and got acquainted with Huang Xing. In the summer of the same year, he returned to China as a teacher of Nanjing Liangjiang Normal University and a supervisor of Changsha Industrial school,

After class, he secretly created the national anthem. This is a literature and art propaganda similar to folk minor, with a total of 938 words. The lyrics put forward some basic principles and measures on how to overthrow the Qing government and establish a new country, as well as the basic policy program of the new government. The main idea is: unity and close cooperation among regional revolutionary forces; banning opium smoking; breaking private opinions and establishing public morality; strengthening military equipment and regaining national sovereignty; opening up industry and commerce; popularizing education; not blindly excluding foreign affairs; strengthening propaganda and gradually opening up people's wisdom; strengthening the central government and democratically electing parliament; emphasizing national independence and resisting foreign interference in internal affairs, etc.

Baoguoge is a declaration of bourgeois democratic revolution with poetry as the carrier, which is comparable to Chen Tianhua's "warning bell", "menghuitou" and Zou Rong's "revolutionary army". It is an important revolutionary document in modern Chinese history. At that time, Zhang Shizhao secretly printed hundreds of thousands of copies of the National Anthem of Bao, which Cao Gongcheng put into a big bag and walked thousands of miles along the Yangtze River, causing great repercussions. The National Anthem of Baoguo publicized the bourgeois democratic revolutionary thought of anti imperialism and anti feudalism in an easy to understand way, which spread widely and played a positive and effective role in arousing the people to join the revolution of 1911. On October 5, 1911, on the eve of the Wuchang Uprising of the 1911 Revolution, Minli newspaper published this battle call (which was once the newspaper of Nanjing Provisional Government of the Republic of China).

In 1903, tsarist Russia broke the contract and did not withdraw the Russian army that invaded the northeast during the Boxer Movement, and put forward seven unreasonable demands to the Qing government

Chinese PinYin : Zhao Sheng