Qin bangxian

Bogu

Bogu (May 14, 1907 - April 8, 1946), originally named Qin bangxian, was born in Wuxi, Jiangsu Province. He is one of the early leaders of the Communist Party of China and one of the outstanding pioneers and founders of the journalism of the Communist Party of China. Bogu is a proletarian revolutionist, theorist, propagandist and social activist.

He once served as the general director of the CPC Central Committee and the acting director of the General Political Department of the Red Army. He once carried out Wang Ming's "left" wrong line, and later translated a large number of Marxist Leninist works, which played an important role in popularizing and improving the theoretical level of Marxism Leninism in the whole party.

On April 8, 1946, Bogu, Wang Ruofei, Ye Ting, Deng FA and others were on their way back to Yan'an from Chongqing. Due to the plane's disorientation and crash, all 17 people on the same plane were killed in Heichashan, Xingxian County, Shanxi Province.

Life of the characters

In his early years, he studied in Suzhou technical school and actively participated in the patriotic movement of students.

In 1925, he studied in Shanghai University and took part in the May 30th Movement. He joined the Communist Party of China at the end of the same year.

In 1926, he went to Moscow Sun Yat sen University to study.

In May 1930, he returned to China and became the propaganda director of the all China Federation of trade unions and the organization Minister of the Central Committee of the Communist Youth League.

In April 1931, he served as secretary of the Socialist Youth League. Later, he served as a member of the Provisional Central Bureau of the Communist Party of China, secretary and head of the Political Bureau of the Provisional Central Committee.

After arriving at the central revolutionary base in 1933, he and Li De pursued adventurism in attack and conservatism in defense, resulting in the failure of the fifth anti "encirclement and suppression".

He took part in the long march in October 1934.

In 1935, he was removed from the top leadership of the Communist Party of China at the Zunyi Meeting. Later, he served as member of the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee and director of the Political Department of the Red Army field forces.

In 1936, he served as the representative of the CPC Central Committee and assisted Zhou Enlai to peacefully solve the Xi'an Incident, contributing to the Anti Japanese national united front.

In 1937, he was the organization Minister of the CPC Central Committee.

In 1938, he served as director of the Organization Department of the Yangtze River Bureau and the South Bureau of the CPC Central Committee.

After 1941, he founded and presided over Jiefang Daily and Xinhua news agency in Yan'an, and served as the president of Xinhua news agency.

In 1945, he continued to be elected as a member of the CPC Central Committee at the 7th CPC National Congress.

In February 1946, he went to Chongqing as a representative of the Communist Party of China to attend the Political Consultative Conference and the meeting of the draft Constitution Review Committee.

On April 8, 1946, he returned from Chongqing to Yan'an to report his work. He was killed in Xingxian County, Shanxi Province due to a plane crash.

Bogu at the age of 16

Character events

Take overall responsibility

In 1931, when Bogu was 24 years old, he was Secretary of the Communist Youth League in Shanghai. At this time, the Party Central Committee was destroyed, and less than half of the remaining members of the Political Bureau of the Central Committee were in Shanghai. At that time, the Party Central Committee decided that Zhou Enlai would go to the Central Soviet Area and Wang Ming would go to Moscow as the representative of the CPC to the Communist International. The CPC Central Committee and the Far East Bureau of the Communist International discussed the establishment of the provisional Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee in Shanghai. It was decided that Bogu, Zhang Wentian, Lu Fotan, Li Zhusheng, Kang Sheng and Chen Yun would be the members of the Standing Committee, with Bogu, Zhang Wentian and Lu Fotan in charge. On October 10, 1931, the Communist International approved the above appointment. Bogu was appointed in the face of danger, subject to distribution, and legal. During the Yan'an rectification movement, our comrades in the supplement Department asked Bogu about this situation. Bogu said that he repeatedly pointed out at that time that he was not a member of the Central Committee and was responsible for the work of the Party Central Committee, which was not in line with the principle of organization. He also pointed out that he was too young, did not understand military affairs, and was not familiar with the national conditions, so it was not appropriate for him to shoulder this heavy task. But Zhou Enlai said that this is a work need, as long as the Communist International agrees. The person in charge of the party was originally called the secretary. Why is it called "general responsibility" at this time? Because lufthant wanted to be a secretary, the far east bureau did not agree. What about Wang Ming? I want to keep this position for him later.

"On October 21, the Central Bureau of the Central Soviet area called the Provisional Central Committee", "we hope to send a member of the Political Bureau, preferably a worker comrade, to preside over the work of the central government", "in late October, the Provisional Central Committee of the Communist Party of China called the Central Bureau of the Soviet Area and proposed that Mao Zedong be the chairman of the Provisional Central Government of the Chinese Soviet Area". (see the chronicle of Mao Zedong above) in this way, it was Bogu's temporary central committee who took overall responsibility and assigned Mao Zedong to the highest position in the government.

In January 1934, at the Fifth Plenary Session of the sixth CPC Central Committee, Bogu was elected as a member of the CPC Central Committee. Bogu, Zhou Enlai, Zhang Wentian and Xiang Ying of the Political Bureau were not elected by the CPC Central Committee. However, the list of members of the Standing Committee of the political Bureau of the Fifth Plenary Session of the CPC Central Committee (sometimes called Secretary) was approved by the Comintern and increased or decreased. The procedures were incomplete but legal.

Improper measures

In the fifth counter "encirclement and suppression" campaign in the Central Soviet Area, the red army suffered heavy casualties and was forced to make a strategic shift due to blindly following the command of Li De, military adviser of the Communist International. This is the period when Bogu was in charge. He made mistakes in the line during this period. At the Seventh Congress of the party, Bogu said, "my responsibility to the party lies in the implementation of this line, and in its implementation it has been brought into full play and extreme." At the famous Zunyi Meeting held from January 15 to 17, 1935, Bogu made a preliminary review, admitted that five anti "encirclement and suppression" campaigns had failed, withdrew from the Central Soviet Area, and had to start the long march. In the winter of 1933, there was an anti Japanese and anti Chiang incident in Fujian Province. Bogu did not approve of cooperation with Fujian, which led to the suppression of the 19th Route Army. He missed a good opportunity in the fifth anti encirclement and suppression campaign. His mistake was extremely serious.

Right decision

Before December 1934, Deng Yingchao was the Secretary General of the CPC Central Committee. She resigned from her post suffering from tuberculosis. After December 18, Deng Xiaoping took over the post. Deng Xiaoping took part in the Zunyi Meeting. In the summer of 1935, Deng Xiaoping came to the army, and Liu Ying took over the post of Secretary General of the CPC Central Committee. This is a lot of related People have confirmed that.

As a matter of fact, Bogu had already realized the importance of launching peasant guerrilla war by participating in the four anti "encirclement and suppression" campaigns. Summing up the experience and lessons of the four counter "encirclement and suppression" campaigns, he said: "in smashing the enemy's four" encirclement and suppression "campaigns, guerrilla warfare has not been carried out enough. Guerrilla forces have not been fully organized to cooperate with the Red Army in a planned way." At that time, if we "had a guerrilla force like Zhu, Mao, Peng and Huang before, that is, your victory would have been much greater than it is now." (see red China, No. 99, August 4, 1933)

Zunyi period

The Zunyi Meeting made the following decisions:

1. Co elect Mao Zedong as a member of the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau;

2. Zhang Wentian drafted the resolution of the meeting;

3. The Standing Committee should divide the work again;

4. The three member military leadership group of Bogu, Li De and Zhou Enlai will be abolished, with commander-in-chief Zhu De and political commissar Zhou Enlai as the military commander, and Zhou Enlai as the person in charge of the final determination of the military commander.

On the 18th, Bogu convened the Standing Committee to study the division of labor and determined that Zhou Enlai was in command of the military, Mao Zedong was Zhou Enlai's assistant, Zhang Wentian was responsible for propaganda, and Bogu was responsible for organization. As secretary of the Party Central Committee, Bogu gave up a lot of power. Now, in general books, it is said that the Zunyi Meeting established Mao Zedong's leading position in the party and the army, which only refers to the idea, is a phased statement, and there is no organizational decision.

After the Zunyi Meeting, when the long march team passed the new drum beating field, a three member military command group composed of Mao Zedong, Zhou Enlai and Wang Jiaxiang was established. This three member group replaced the previous three member military leading group, and Mao Zedong began to officially become the party's military leader.

About half a month after the Zunyi Meeting, Bogu was silent during the March, eating less and sleeping less. In Zunyi Conference documents, it is recorded that "Luofu (author's note: Zhang Wentian) took the place of Bogu" before and after February 5, 1935, "when he marched to camp in Jiming, the border of Yunnan, Guizhou and Sichuan provinces", and "in the division of labor, the Standing Committee decided to take the overall responsibility of Luofu instead of Bogu". Specifically, the camp of Jiming three provinces is huafangfang village, shuitianzhai, Weixin County, Yunnan Province. How can I name the camping village? I asked Qin Fuquan, the son of Qin Bangli, Bogu's younger brother. He listened to his father and pan Hannian.

On the morning of February 5, Mao Zedong discussed with Zhou Enlai and Zhang Wentian that Zhang Wentian would replace Bo Gu. That afternoon, Zhou Enlai went to Bogu. As soon as he came in, Zhou Enlai said, "brother Bang Xian, how are you recently? It's said that you've been eating less and losing weight these days. Runzhi, let me see what you need. " Bogu said, "if you have anything, just tell me." Zhou Enlai talked about what they wanted Luofu to replace Bogu. Bogu immediately gave Zhou Enlai the seal of the Central Committee, the seal of the Secretariat of the Political Bureau of the Central Committee, and the strip seal of the Secretary of the Central Committee, and explained that Zhang Wentian was responsible for the burden of documents. For the sake of revolutionary interests, Bogu, regardless of personal gains and losses, took the initiative to give up his leadership post, which shows the magnanimous mind of a real revolutionary. I can't find the exact files of Zhang Wentian replacing Bogu. I also asked Qin Fuquan about this situation. At the end of the talk, Zhou Enlai handed over the Zunyi Conference resolution drafted by Luofu and read by Mao Zedong, Luofu, Zhou Enlai and Wang Jiaxiang to Bogu. I'll give it back to you after panbonian's visit.

Pan Hannian was a smart and capable person with a strong memory. He never forgot his reading materials. He could recite the telegram code. He was the appointed liaison between Wang Ming and Bogu before he went to Moscow. Bogu talked to pan Hannian about the Zunyi Meeting and the conversation with Zhou Enlai. Bogu also said that handing over power is not only about handing over three seals and filing boxes, but also about reporting to the Comintern. If the Comintern does not recognize this right, it is still impossible to hand over it

Chinese PinYin : Qin Bang Xian