Fan Ye
Fan Ye
Fan Ye (AD 398 ~ ad 445), the word Weizong, Shunyang County, Shunyang county (now liguanqiao Town, Xichuan County, Henan Province) people. He was an official, historian and litterateur in the Southern Song Dynasty. He was the grandson of fan Wang, the general of Anbei in the Eastern Jin Dynasty, the grandson of fan Ning, the governor of Yuzhang, and the son of Fan Tai.
Born in Shunyang Fan family, he is well read. In the second year of Yuanxi (420), Liu Yu, Emperor Wu of Song Dynasty, took the post of champion (Liu Yikang), and moved to Secretary Cheng and new governor CAI; in the ninth year of Yuanjia (432), Liu Yikang, who offended situ, was demoted to Xuancheng, and began to write the book of the later Han Dynasty, with the title of general Ning Shuo. In 440, he took refuge with Liu Jun, the king of Shixing, and successively served as the governor of Xuzhou, the prefect of nanxiapi, the general of Zuowei, and the prince Zhan Shi. In the 22nd year of Yuanjia (445), Liu Yikang, the king of Pengcheng, was enthroned and killed at the age of 48.
He was brilliant all his life and made outstanding achievements in historiography. The book of the later Han Dynasty is a well-known book with rigorous structure and beautiful CI. It is also known as the "first four histories" together with historical records, Hanshu and the annals of the Three Kingdoms.
Life of the characters
Early experience
Fan Ye was born in a scholar family (Shunyang fan's family). His great grandfather fan Wang, general Anbei of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, wrote Shangshu event and fan Dongyang Fang. He entered Wuxing county and passed on to his uncle fan Hongzhi. His grandfather fan Ning, the prince of linhuai and Yuzhang of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, wrote Chunqiu Guliang biography collection. His father Fan Tai, the Minister of Zhongshu of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, was later trusted by Liu Yu and was praised by many scholars For promotion, there are also 24 volumes of "ancient and modern good words". Although Fan Ye was born in a famous family, his status was not high because he was a concubine's son. It is said that Fan Ye was born to his mother when she went to the toilet. Because his forehead was broken by a brick, he got the nickname "brick". After the birth of Fan Ye, because his uncle had no son, he was adopted to fan Hongzhi, so he was knighted and granted the fifth Marquis of Wuxing county. Fan Ye was fond of reading when he was young. He collected books at home when he was young. He was good at writing. He was able to write official books and was familiar with music. In the 10th year of the reign of Yixi (414), the prefectures and counties were called up as the main book, which was rejected by Fan Ye. In the second year of Yuanxi (420), Liu Yu became emperor of Jin Dynasty. Fan Ye was recruited to serve as the champion General of Pengcheng king, Liu Yikang. Later, he moved to the post of secretary Cheng and left because of his father's death. In the seventh year of Yuanjia (430), Fan Ye's mourning period expired, and he served as Sima of Tan Daoji, the general of the southern expedition, and also as the governor of Xincai. At that time, the Xianbei army of the Northern Wei Dynasty besieged Qingzhou, and Tan Daoji was ordered to go out of the siege. Fan Ye followed the army in the Northern Expedition and was promoted to Shangshu doctor.
On Shi Li
In the winter of 432, the ninth year of Yuanjia, the mother of Liu Yikang, the king of Pengcheng, died. On the night of his burial, Liu Yikang gathered his colleagues and old friends to attend the funeral and gather in Dongfu. Fan Guangyuan, Fan Ye's younger brother, offered wine to situ Fu. Fan Ye drank with Wang Shen and Wang Guang at fan Guangyuan's place and opened the North window to enjoy the elegy. Liu Yikang was so angry that he made Fan Ye governor of Xuancheng. Fan Ye was demoted and depressed. During his term of office, he sorted out various historical records about the later Han Dynasty and began to engage in the compilation of the history of the later Han Dynasty, in an attempt to relieve the pain. Through the study of historical events, Fan Ye opened his eyes. With his personal understanding of historical issues and enthusiasm, Fan Ye finally wrote his famous historical work the book of the later Han Dynasty. The book of the later Han Dynasty is concise and detailed with vivid narration. After its completion, it has replaced the history of the later Han Dynasty.
Aloof and aloof
In the 15th year of Yuanjia (438), Fan Ye was transferred to the post of commander of Liu Yixin Town, king of Changsha, and was granted the title of general Ning Shuo. The next year, his mother (father fan Taizheng's room) died. According to etiquette, fan ye should go to the funeral immediately. However, Fan Ye took a long time to leave on the ground of illness, and took his prostitute and concubine with him. Liu Shangbiao, censor Zhongcheng, accused Fan Ye of a series of violations of etiquette. Emperor Wen of the Song Dynasty appreciated Fan Ye's talent and did not punish him. In the seventeen year of Yuanjia (440), when the mourning period ended, Fan Ye took refuge with Liu Jun, the king of Xing, and became the commander of the army and the prefect of nanxiapi. After Liu Jun became the governor of Yangzhou, he didn't care about political affairs and entrusted Fan Ye with all the affairs. Therefore, Fan Ye's official career was smooth, and he was soon promoted to Zuowei general and Prince Zhan Shi. Fan Ye has many talents. He is not only knowledgeable and good at writing, but also proficient in music and calligraphy. But Fan Ye was arrogant and uninhibited, and refused to flatter him. He plays the lute very well and can compose new music. Emperor Wen of the Song Dynasty wanted to hear it very much, and repeatedly hinted. Fan Ye pretended not to know, and refused to play for the emperor. Once, Emperor Wen invited his minister to a banquet and said to Fan Ye, "I want to sing. Please play the piano for me." Fan ye had to play according to the order. As soon as the song of Emperor Wen was finished, Fan Ye stopped playing and refused to play one more song. Although Fan Ye did not flatter the emperor, he treated his colleagues sincerely. At that time, Shen Yanzhi was a right guard general. He was in charge of the forbidden brigade with Fan Ye (left guard general) and participated in the secret service. Every time when meeting the emperor, if Fan Ye comes first, he will wait for Shen Yanzhi to come and go in together. Shen Yanzhi has never been used to waiting for Fan Ye. Fan Ye, who had no intention of concealing others, wrote hexiangfang to ridicule them. According to the characteristics of his colleagues, Fan Ye compared Yu Bingzhi to the musk of "Duoji" and Shen Yanzhi to the jujube paste of "dullness", while Fan Ye compared himself to "Shen Shiyi he". As soon as he Xiang Fang was published, Fan Ye was not allowed by his colleagues.
The cause of calling for trouble
In 440, Liu Yikang, the king of Pengcheng, was in power for a long time, so Emperor Wen of Song Dynasty was suspicious. He dismissed Liu Yikang as a prime minister and was demoted to be the governor of Jiangzhou for the charge of "joining the party and the masses, plotting to plot". Because of Liu Yikang's kindness to his father, Kong Xixian contacted his courtiers and plotted against him, and made Liu Yikang emperor. Fan Ye was well-known for his mastery of the Imperial Army, and he had been an official under Liu Yikang for many years. Therefore, when he recruited party members, he became the first object that Kong Xi paid attention to. In order to repay him, Xie Zong introduced him to Fan Ye. After knowing Fan Ye first, Kong Xi devoted himself to serving Fan Ye, courting Fan Ye to gamble and deliberately losing money. Fan Ye was greedy for money and appreciated Kong Xixian's talent, so their relationship became better and better. When the time was ripe, Kong Xi tried to encourage Fan Ye to take part in the rebellion, but Fan Ye refused. Kong Xixian again provoked Fan Ye by the court's refusal to marry him. Liu Yikang also apologized to Fan Ye for the demotion of Xuancheng. Fan Ye finally joined in and decided to rebel against the court.
The whole story of the rebellion
Kong Xixian was good at astronomy, so he sent Fajing, a nun, to the south to preach that Jiangzhou would be the Emperor (i.e. Liu Yikang, the governor of Jiangzhou); in order to increase the success rate of rebellion, he ordered faliu, a monk, to change his name to sun Jingxuan, to join the Tibetan army as Ningyuan, and to contact Xu Yao (Fajing's brother-in-law, then the leader of Taicheng, on duty in the palace) as an insider. Kong Xixian colluded with general Shi zhongchengzu, and zhongchengzu told Danyang Yin xuzhanzhi about the plot. Xu zhanzhi told Fan Ye that Zang Zhi was very much in favor of their actions and would invite Xiao Sihua to work together. He didn't have to worry about the shortage of troops. He just had to wait for the good time to come. So they set up official positions for each other: Xu zhanzhi was the general of Fujun and the governor of Yangzhou, Fan Ye was the general of the Chinese army and the governor of Southern Xuzhou, Kong Xixian was the right guard general, and so on. He ordered his younger brother Kong Xiu to draft the declaration and asked Fan Ye to draft the coup declaration. Therefore, Fan Ye wrote a book to Xu zhanzhi in the name of Liu Yikang, encouraging all departments to "work together to destroy the treacherous party, strive to be a pioneer and create the Song Dynasty again". In September of the 22nd year of Yuanjia (445), Liu Yiji, king of Hengyang and Liu Shuo, right general of Nanping, went out to take office in the border town. Fan Ye and others agreed to do something on this day. However, the coup could not be held as scheduled because of no agreement.
Sorrow for death
In November of the 22nd year of Yuanjia (445), Xu Zhan ordered Emperor Wen to inform Fan Ye that Fan Ye was the mastermind of the coup, and submitted the list of people who participated in the coup and the relevant letter evidence. Then Emperor Wen issued an imperial edict to "arrest immediately and interrogate according to law". That night, Emperor Wen sent people to secretly capture Xie Zong and Kong Xixian, and ordered his courtiers to gather in the East Pavilion to question why fan ye had conspired against him. Fan Ye was very scared in a hurry and denied it in a hurry. Emperor Wen told him that Xie Zong, Xu zhanzhi and Kong Xixian had all confessed, and they also put forward letters and evidence. Fan ye then admitted the fact of treason, saying that "he had committed a heavy crime and was willing to be executed." The next day, Fan Ye was sent to prison and asked where Xu zhanzhi was being held. Only then did he know that Xu zhanzhi was the informant. As a result, Fan Ye said he was ill and asked to change the prison, so that he and Xie Zong and others became the next door. Fan Ye told them that Xu zhanzhi was the informant, and wrote a poem: "I know it in my life, but I don't know it in painting. The good and the ugly share the same hill, but it's not the same. " Fan ye thought that he would be executed immediately after he was put into prison. Unexpectedly, because of Emperor Wen's pursuit of the case, no result was found in more than 20 days. Fan Ye thought that there was still hope for survival. Kong Xi first sneered at Fan Ye's fear of death, and Fan Ye sighed: "it's a pity! Full of money, buried here. " In December, Fan Ye was taken to the execution ground at the age of 48. His sons fan AI, fan Yao and fan Shuwei were all implicated. Only his grandson fan Lulian survived.
Historical achievements
Reference data: Houhanshu records the first year of Jianwu (25 years) of Emperor Guangwu of the Han Dynasty and the 25th year of Jian'an (220 years) of emperor Xiandi of the Han Dynasty, including the 196 year history of the Eastern Han Dynasty. Fan Yeyuan planned to write ten chronicles, ten chronicles, eighty biographies and ten chronicles. He commissioned Xie Yan to write them on his behalf. Xie Yan was involved in the internal struggle of the ruling class and was killed with Fan Ye on the charge of treason. The manuscripts and the preface written by fan ye were lost. When Liu Zhao of Liang Dynasty annotated Hou Han Shu, Fan Ye once praised Sima Biao of Western Jin Dynasty for his continuation of Han Shu.
Theme of creation
In prison, Fan Ye wrote a book on prison and nephews. He said that the purpose of compiling the book of the later Han Dynasty was to "make everything possible."
Chinese PinYin : Fan Ye
Fan Ye
