Jiang Zhuyun

Jiang Zhuyun

Jiang Zhuyun (August 20, 1920 - November 14, 1949), a native of jiangjiawan, Dashanpu Town, Zigong City, Sichuan Province, was an important figure in Chongqing area during the underground period of the Communist Party of China and a woman martyr recognized by the Communist Party of China.

He joined the Communist Party of China in 1939. In 1940, he was a member of the new urban district committee of Chongqing. He married Peng Yongwu in 1945 and was in charge of the organization and distribution of the underground Journal of Chongqing Municipal Committee of the Communist Party of China. In 1948, Peng Yongwu was killed as a member of the CPC East Sichuan provisional Committee and Deputy Secretary of the Lower East Sichuan prefectural committee, and Jiang Zhuyun took over his work.

On June 14, 1948, Jiang Zhuyun was arrested in Wanxian county and detained in the juntong zhazidong concentration camp of the national government in Chongqing. He was tortured and refused to surrender the information of the underground Party of the Communist Party of China required by the juntong. On November 14, 1949, Jiang Zhuyun died in LANYA execution ground of Geleshan radio station at the age of 29.

In September 2009, Jiang Zhuyun was selected into the list of 100 heroes and models who made outstanding contributions to the founding of new China.

Life of the characters

He was born on August 20, 1920 in jiangjiawan, Dashanpu, Zigong City, Sichuan Province. When she was 8 years old, her strong-minded mother couldn't get along with her idle father, so she took Jiang Zhuyun's sister and brother to Chongqing to join her brother. When she was 10 years old, she worked as a child laborer in a hosiery factory in Chongqing. Because people were not as tall as machines, the boss made a special high stool for her.

In 1939, he was admitted to the Chinese public school in Chongqing and secretly joined the Communist Party. After joining the party, Comrade Jiang Zhuyun loved Marxism Leninism and yearned for Yan'an, the holy land of revolution. But then the party asked her to stay in Chongqing for communication. This requires an unobtrusive occupation as a cover. Therefore, the party organization instructed her to learn accounting and how to dial abacus beads. She did not hesitate to follow the organization's arrangement.

In the autumn of 1940, he was admitted to the accounting training class of China vocational school. After hard work, I have mastered the major of accounting. In the same year, he served as a member of the new urban district committee of Chongqing, in charge of the school sports work.

In 1941, Jiang Zhuyun was admitted to the Chinese vocational school founded by Huang Yanpei. As a young communist, she conceals her identity and works in school.

Chongqing, late summer of 1941. Jiang Zhuyun, 21, graduated from the accounting training class of high school affiliated to China public school and Zhonghua Vocational School. He was transferred to the new urban district committee of Chongqing by Chuandong special committee. He is responsible for organizing student movement and developing new party members. He also serves as the publisher of advance newspaper, the organ newspaper of the municipal Party committee.

At the end of 1943, Wang Pu, Secretary of the Chongqing municipal Party committee of the Communist Party of China, thought that Peng Yongwu needed a good cover environment for his safety and wanted him to have a home in Chongqing. However, he was unable to get in touch with Yunyang's wife Tan Zhenglun for a while, but this matter involves work and cannot be delayed for a long time. As a result, the municipal Party committee repeatedly searched for and selected female comrades in Chongqing, and finally decided to appoint Jiang Zhuyun to accept the task that surprised and embarrassed her - to be Peng Yongwu's "wife" and assistant. When they first met and worked together, they pretended to be husband and wife and lived together day and night. And he and his husband and wife as a family. Their family is the secret organ of Chongqing municipal Party committee and the Guidance Center for the rectification study of underground Party organizations. Her main task is to communicate with Peng Yongwu.

In the summer of 1944, Jiang Zhuyun was organized to study in the Agricultural College of Sichuan University and engaged in the secret work of the party. After joining the party, according to the requirements of the party organization, Peng Yongwu, a member of the Communist Party of China, disguised as a husband and wife, formed a "family" as the secret organ of the Chongqing municipal Party committee and the Guidance Center for underground party members.

In 1945, she married Peng Yongwu, and then stayed in Chongqing to assist Peng Yongwu in his work. She was responsible for handling party affairs and internal and external contacts. Since then, her comrades have affectionately called her sister Jiang.

After graduating in 1946, she returned to Chongqing to participate in and lead the student movement. In April, Jiang Zhuyun had a difficult labor and was sent to the hospital by the female classmate of her class. At this time, Peng Yongwu was not with her. She made her own decision to carry out cesarean section and sterilization at the same time. Peng Yongwu was moved by her bravery, determination and sacrifice when he went to Chengdu to visit her and her newborn son Peng Yun.

In the spring of 1947, the Chongqing municipal Party committee of the Communist Party of China (CPC) founded the advance newspaper, in which Jiang Zhuyun was responsible for proofreading, sorting, transmitting and distributing the telegraphs. In a few months, the number of advance newspapers reached more than 1600, which caused great panic among the enemy. Xia, Peng Yongwu was a member of the CPC Eastern Sichuan temporary Committee and Deputy Secretary of the lower Eastern Sichuan local committee. As a liaison member of the eastern Sichuan provisional Committee and the lower Eastern Sichuan prefectural committee, sister Jiang went to the front line of armed struggle with her husband. To be responsible for organizing the students in Colleges and universities to fight against the Kuomintang reactionaries.

On the eve of the Spring Festival in 1948, Peng Yongwu died when he organized an armed riot. His head was cut off by the enemy and hung on the gate of the city. She took over her husband's job. She told the party organization: "I am only familiar with the relationship in this line. It is difficult for others to replace me. I should continue to fight where Lao Peng fell."

On June 14, 1948, due to the traitor's betrayal, Jiang Jie was unfortunately arrested and detained in Chongqing zhazidong prison. KMT juntong agents used up all kinds of torture: Tiger stool, chili water, sling, barbed steel whip, crowbar, electrocution, and even cruelly nailed a bamboo stick into her fingers. They were eager to open a gap from the young female Communist Party member and break the party organization leading the uprising in eastern Sichuan and the underground party organization of the Communist Party of China in Chongqing. In the face of the inhuman torture and death threat of the enemy, sister Jiang remained unyielding. "You can break my hand and kill my head. There is no organization." "Torture, that's too small a test. Bamboo is made of bamboo, and the will of a Communist is steel! "

On November 14, 1949, Jiang Zhuyun died in LANYA execution ground of Geleshan radio station at the age of 29.

Individual family

Before falling in love with Jiang Zhuyun, Peng Yongwu married his wife, Tan zhenglie (later renamed Tan Zhenglun), and they have a son, Peng Bingzhong. In April 1946, Jiang Zhuyun gave birth to Peng Yun, the only son of Peng Yongwu, in Chengdu. In October 1947, Jiang Zhuyun wrote to ask Tan Zhenglun to take care of young Peng Yun in Chongqing. In February 1948, Tan Zhenglun came to Chongqing and raised Peng Yun to grow up. Peng yunhou, the son of Jiang Zhuyun, settled in the United States and became a tenured professor of computer science. Peng Zhuangzhuang, the grandson of Jiang Zhuyun, returned to China for development after receiving his doctorate in the United States.

Anecdotes of characters

Name evolution

When Jiang Jie was born, her nickname was Xueqin. From the age of 5 when she was a student, her father gave her the scientific name of "Jiang Zhujun", which had never changed before she was arrested and imprisoned. This name is written on the certificate of study issued by China Vocational School in 1940 and the enrollment form for her admission to national Sichuan University.

Later, "Jiang Zhuyun", which changed a word, was a temporary pseudonym after she was arrested and jailed. But the pseudonym didn't change the pronunciation of her name, it just used a homonym.

Red letter

Before her death, Jiangjie wrote a suicide note to an di (her cousin Tan Zhuan). At that time, Jiangjie used chopsticks to grind bamboo sticks to make pens and cotton ash to make ink. The letter was full of Jiangjie's deep yearning for her son as a mother.

The tender side of the posthumous note

On November 14, 2007, on the 58th anniversary of Jiangjie's death, the cultural relic, known as the "red letter", finally revealed a long-standing secret to the world at the Three Gorges Museum.

The letter probably said: "we have the confidence to win and live. Since the date of imprisonment (June last year), I have made up my mind to go to prison for two years. Now the situation is changing, and it's possible to get out of prison at the end of the year. We are not sitting in prison in vain. We have been learning all the time. We are still in the tiger's mouth, and life and death are uncertain. If it's unfortunate, yun'er (referring to Jiang Zhuyun) will be in prison Peng Yun, the child of Peng Yongwu, two martyrs, is here for you. I hope that we can follow the footsteps of our parents and strive to build a new China to the end for the cause of the Communist revolution. Children should never be arrogant or pampered. It's enough to eat rough and light food. " Jiang Jie's last letter shows her little-known tender side.

His son was repeatedly mentioned in the suicide note

The letter is about 12 cm long and rough. It has been yellowing for a long time. "This is the last letter before sister Jiang died." Staff of the Three Gorges Museum said that Jiang Jie is not only a revolutionary, but also an ordinary woman and the mother of a child. She repeatedly mentioned her son Peng Yun in her letters.

The staff said that people think that revolutionary soldiers are made of steel. In fact, there is a gentle side to heroes. At the last moment of her life, in addition to her revolutionary career, what she cares about most is her own children. "The handwriting in her suicide note is quite scribbled, and there are graffiti from time to time, which shows her concern for her children at that time."

Bamboo chopsticks cut pen, burn cotton to make ink

In the gloomy and terrifying zhazidong prison, sister Jiang quietly wrote her suicide note and sent it out of the prison. At that time, Jiang lived in the second female cell of zhazidong prison. The staff said that two months before her death, Jiang wrote this letter to her cousin Tan Zhuan. At that time, the control of prisoners in the prison was so tight that she could not get pen and ink to write letters. Later, sister Jiang secretly hid a bamboo chopstick. When the guards didn't pay attention, she sharpened one end of the chopstick as a pen, then took apart the quilt, burned some cotton to ashes, mixed some water, and turned it into ink.

With homemade pen and ink, Jiang

Chinese PinYin : Jiang Zhu Jun1