journalist and personal secretary to Sun Yat-sen

journalist and personal secretary to Sun Yat-sen

Dai Jitao (1891-february 11, 1949), male, first named Liangbi, later named Chuanxian, was named Jitao and pseudonym Tianqiu. He was born in Guanghan, Sichuan Province. He is a senior member of the Chinese Kuomintang, a thinker, theorist and political figure in modern China.

In his early years, he studied in Japan and joined the alliance. After the revolution of 1911, he followed Sun Yat Sen and took part in the second revolution and the war of protecting the law. During the May 4th movement, he was radical in thought and one of the earliest researchers of Marxism in China. He has successively served as director of the Political Department of Huangpu Military Academy, President of National Sun Yat sen University, Minister of propaganda of the Central Committee of the Kuomintang, President of the examination institute, etc. Known as Chiang Kai Shek's "National Teacher", he is Chiang Kai Shek's loyal "think tank".

One of the senior members of the Chinese Kuomintang, the composer of the national flag song of the Republic of China, is also one of the earliest researchers of Marxism in China. He served as the first president of the examination institute for 20 years during the period of political training, and he was also the youngest president of the Fifth Academy in history (only 37 years old when he took office).

His works include on Japan, the road of youth, the record of learning rites, the oriental nation and oriental culture, the status and value of Chinese culture in the world, and his posterity has Mr. Dai Jitao's works.

Life of the characters

Dai Jitao studied in Japan in his early years and participated in the alliance. After the revolution of 1911, he followed Sun Yat Sen and took part in the second revolution and the war of protecting the law. Later, he worked in Shanghai Daily, and later in Tianduo daily. His works include the philosophical basis of sun wenism, the national revolution and the Chinese Kuomintang, the road of youth, on Japan, and the book of learning rituals.

In 1905, Dai Jitao went to Japan to study and enter a Japanese university.

In 1909, he returned to China and taught in Jiangsu Institute of local autonomy. Later, he was wanted for writing articles in Shanghai zhongwai daily and Tianduo daily criticizing the Qing Dynasty. He fled to Penang Island in Nanyang, hosted Guanghua daily and joined the alliance.

He joined the league in 1911. After the revolution of 1911, civil rights newspaper was founded in Shanghai. After the outbreak of the Wuchang Uprising in 1911, Dai Jitao returned home. He participated in the Shanghai uprising organized by Chen Qimei and Niu Yongjian.

At the end of 1911, when Sun Yat Sen returned to Shanghai from abroad, Dai Jitao met him for the first time as a party member and journalist, and was immediately respected. After that, Sun Yat Sen became the provisional president, and he went to Nanjing to attend the ceremony. After Sun Yat Sen resigned, he was ordered to go to Beijing with Cai Yuanpei and Song Jiaoren to welcome Yuan Shikai.

After returning to China in 1912, he founded the civil rights newspaper in Shanghai. Later, he served as the Secretary of Sun Yat Sen and was ordered to carry out the military liaison activities of the second revolution. After the failure of the second revolution, he fled to Japan.

In 1916, Dai Jitao returned to Shanghai with Sun Yat Sen. The next year, he went from Shanghai to Guangdong to serve as the Secretary-General of the mansion. During the May 4th movement, he edited the weekly review in Shanghai.

On October 6, 1916, Jiang Weiguo was born and adopted by Chiang Kai Shek. (according to Jiang Weiguo's autobiography "traveling alone in a thousand mountains: Jiang Weiguo's life journey" (published by Taiwan Tianxia Culture Publishing Company), his father is Dai Jitao, and his mother is Japanese nurse chongsong JINZI.)

In 1917, Sun Yat Sen set up a military government to protect the law in Guangzhou, and Dai Jitao was appointed chairman of the Legal Committee.

In February 1918, he also served as the Secretary General of the Grand Marshal's office.

In April 1918, when Lin Sen acted as foreign minister of the military government, Dai Jitao acted as deputy foreign minister.

On May 21, 1918, Sun Yat Sen left Guangzhou and went to Shanghai with Dai Jitao. On May 4, 1918, because the GUI warlord manipulated the Parliament and decided to reorganize the military government, Sun Yat Sen was excluded and angrily announced his resignation as Grand Marshal.

Before and after the May 4th Movement (May 4th, 1919), Dai Jitao was appointed by Sun Yat Sen to set up the weekly review in Shanghai with Li Hanjun and Shen xuanlu. As a magazine in the series of the Republic of China Daily, the central organ newspaper of the Kuomintang, Dai Jitao was chief editor. Dai Jitao wrote a lot of articles, focusing on the propaganda of patriotism and socialist trend of thought, and widely introduced communism. He tried to explain China's ethical problems with communism, praised Marx and Engels as "genius", called Marx "a great master of modern economics" and "a foresight of modern social movement". He criticizes some people's attempt to suppress ideological emancipation and holds that translation, research and criticism of Marx's works are not and cannot be prohibited. The Journal of construction founded by Zhu Zhixin and others also published his interpretation of Marx's capital translated from Japanese. But he is not to achieve the ultimate goal of the working class and establish a socialist country in which the working class is the master. He once told Sun Yat Sen: "since the June 3 strike," the direct participation of workers in political and social movements has already begun. If intelligent and learned people do not come to study this issue, they will lead them ideologically and intellectually. In the future, they will gradually tend to be unreasonable and untimely. So I was moved by the strike and felt that it was a very important thing to guide the majority of the people in society with moderate social thinking. " Therefore, although he had close contact with Chen Duxiu and other early Communists, and participated in several preparatory activities for the establishment of the Communist Party of China, Li Lisan even said in a party history report that Dai Jitao was one of the founders of the establishment of the Communist Party of China, but Dai did not move forward.

In 1920, Chen Duxiu went to Shanghai to form the Shanghai Communist Party group, which was the first Communist Party group in China. Dai Jitao let his rented building out to Chen Duxiu's family. Dai Jitao often attends symposiums hosted by Chen Duxiu and attended by weijingsiji in the New Youth magazine to discuss issues related to socialism and China's social transformation.

In the summer of 1920, he took part in the preparation for the establishment of the Shanghai Communist group and quit halfway. Later, he co operated with Zhang Jingjiang and Chiang Kai Shek in the speculative business of the exchange.

After the May 4th movement, socialism was vigorously promoted. In May 1920, he participated in the Shanghai "Marxism Research Association" and drafted the program of the Communist Party of China. He was one of the earliest members of the Communist Party of China. Later, he withdrew from the Communist Party because of Sun Yat Sen's opposition. In January 1924, he attended the first National Congress of the Chinese Kuomintang and was elected as executive member and standing member of the Central Committee and Minister of the Central Propaganda Department. In May of the same year, Huangpu Military Academy was established as director of the political department. In November 1924, he went north with Sun Yat Sen.

Dai Jitao was responsible for drafting the CPC platform. The party platform was drafted while discussing and revising. One of the articles "Communists should not be officials of the bourgeois government or join bourgeois political groups" made Dai Jitao take a breath and close the door alone to shed tears. His heart was very painful. He finally understood that the Communist Party was totally different from what he had in mind, and that the Communist Party was not prepared to cooperate with the government to take a legal way of seizing power in Parliament.

When the Chinese Socialist Youth League was founded in Shanghai, Dai Jitao's address was the league's address. The League affairs were presided over by yuan Zhenying, Shi Cuntong and Yu Xiusong, and the general affairs were in the charge of Yang Mingzhai. It is actually a quasi Communist Party group, so Dai Jitao's home is actually the location of the Communist Party group.

Dai Jitao did a lot of preparatory work for the founding of the Communist Party of China, but he did not join the party in the end. Due to the different world outlook, Dai Jitao gradually separated from communism. Three years after the first National Congress of the Communist Party of China, Dai Jitao became a banner figure of the right wing of the Kuomintang. He threatened to kill all the Chinese Communists and never raise a tiger to cause trouble. Later, he directly served as Chiang Kai Shek's theoretical writer and behind the scenes adviser.

In 1924, Dr. Sun Yat Sen founded the Huangpu Military Academy. From 1911 to the preparatory period of the Communist Party of China, Dai Jitao had outstanding political performance. Because Dai Jitao had such capital, and he was also a brother to Chiang Kai Shek, when Liao Zhongkai, the party representative of the military academy, recommended Dai Jitao to Dr. Sun Yat Sen, Chiang Kai Shek, as the president, naturally raised his hands in favor, and Dr. Sun Yat Sen also agreed. In this way, Dai Jitao became the first director of the Political Department of Huangpu Military Academy.

However, Dai Jitao did not pay attention to the political work of the Huangpu Military Academy. Not only that, he mysteriously disappeared in the Huangpu Military Academy just over a month after the opening of the school, which caused a sensation in the whole school. According to the record, "the first director of the political department was Mr. Dai Jitao. Soon after he took over the post, he left Huangpu Military Academy and went to Shanghai in anger because of a conflict with Zhang Ji and Xie Yang (who is unknown and is suspected to be Xie Zhi's mistake)

In November 1924, Dai Jitao followed Sun Yat Sen North in the name of Japanese secretary. After the death of Sun Yat Sen, Dai Jitao published filial piety, in the name of publicizing Sun Yat Sen's personality and thought, "distorting" Sun Yat Sen's thought. In May 1925, at the Third Plenary Session of the first Central Committee of the Kuomintang, he dished out the declaration of accepting the teachings of the prime minister, which was drafted in advance, and wrote the table of philosophy system of people's livelihood. He put forward the proposal of the so-called "supreme principle" of the Kuomintang with "pure three people's principles" as the central idea, aiming at opposing the three major policies. In June and July 1925, he successively published two pamphlets, namely, the philosophical basis of sun wenism and the national revolution and the Chinese Kuomintang. Together with the table of philosophy system of people's livelihood, he formed a complete theoretical system, which is known as "Dai jitaoism" and a great achievement of anti Communist Theory. Li Yunhan once commented in his book from the Communist Party of China to the Party of Qing Dynasty: "with the publication of this book (referring to the national revolution and the Communist Party of China, the author's note), from Shanghai to Guangzhou, the anti Communist eyes began to focus, the anti Communist forces began to form, and the establishment of sun wenism societies and the brewing of anti communist movement were all influenced by Dai's anti communist theory."

In 1926, he was appointed national Zhongshan University

Chinese PinYin : Dai Ji Tao