What key

What key

He Jian (March 11, 1887 - April 25, 1956) was named Yunqiao. General II of the Kuomintang army, executive member of the Kuomintang Central Committee, chairman of the Hunan provincial government. He hated the peasant movement.

After Chiang Kai Shek launched a counter revolutionary coup, he plotted an anti communist military coup in Hankou. He ordered his subordinate Yu Xiangsan to collude with Xu Kexiang, head of the 33rd independent regiment, to launch the horse day incident on the sofa, killing the Communists and revolutionary masses. On June 29, he issued an anti Communist Declaration, acting as a vanguard for the Wang Jingwei group's rebellion revolution.

Life of the characters

Liling County, Hunan Province (now Liling City), born in March 1887 in lishanling County, chashanling township. In 1906, he was admitted to Changsha Yuelushan ancient school, and three years later, he was admitted to Hunan law and politics school. After the revolution of 1911, he successively studied in the formation Institute of Hunan general school, the Third Army Middle School of Wuchang, and the third infantry division of Baoding Army Academy. After graduating in 1916, he served as the platoon leader of the 1st Brigade of the 1st division of Hunan army. In March 1918, he returned to Liling to collect the scattered guns of the broken troops and organized guerrillas to take part in the battle against Zhang Jingyao's northern army. He was appointed as the commander of the guerrillas by Cheng Qian, commander in chief of the Hunan army. In 1919, there was internal strife in the Hunan army in the summer. Tan Yankai took over the post of commander in chief of the Hunan army. Tang Shengzhi, head of the 3rd regiment of the 1st Brigade of the 1st division, reorganized his troops into cavalry battalion. He served as the battalion commander, and was later promoted to head of the cavalry regiment and brigade commander of the 9th brigade. In July 1926, he joined the national revolutionary army with Tang Shengzhi, served as division commander of the 1st division of the 8th Army, and joined the Chinese Kuomintang. After conquering Wuhan, he was promoted to commander of the 35th army. In April 1927, he led the army to continue the Northern Expedition and march into Henan.

In 1927, Tang Shengzhi, commander in chief of the fourth group army and commander in chief of the second front army, appointed him commander in chief of Jiangzuo army and acting chairman of Anhui Province. In November, after Tang Shengzhi was defeated by the war and sent to power, he analyzed the situation and took contingency measures. In order to preserve his strength, he led his ministry to withdraw from Hunan and became chairman of the Xiangxi Rehabilitation Committee. In January 1928, the Western expeditionary army of Nanjing government occupied Changsha. On March 4, he sent a telegram to ask for peace. After the reorganization, he was able to retain the organizational structure of the Department. He also served as the general office of Hunan Qingxiang supervision office. He proposed the reactionary policy of "it is better to kill 3000 people by mistake than to let one person go", and slaughtered Communists and workers and peasants. In November, he served as acting commander-in-chief of the general headquarters of "suppressing bandits" in Hunan and Jiangxi and led 20 regiments to "encircle and suppress" the Jinggangshan revolutionary base.

In February 1929, the war between Jiang and GUI broke out. He supported Jiang to fight against GUI and led his troops to coerce Li Zongren and Bai Chongxi to step down. The Nanjing National Government appointed him as the special commissioner of Hunan Province, the chairman of Hunan provincial government and the commander in chief of the fourth route army of the rebel army. In January 1930, he led his troops to fight against the Allied forces of Hunan and Guangxi. In May, the Central Plains war broke out, and the Allied forces conquered Hunan. He retreated to Yueyang and Changde, helped the Hunan Guangdong army to enter Hunan, and supervised the division to counter attack. On July 27, the third regiment of the Red Army of Chinese workers and peasants seized Changsha and fled to Yuanjiang. On August 5, he attacked the Red Army and slaughtered Communists and workers and peasants in Changsha. From the winter of 1930, he took part in the first and second "encirclement and suppression" of the central revolutionary base in Jiangxi, and repeatedly "swept" the Hunan Jiangxi base. In May 1933, he served as commander-in-chief of the West Route Army of the "bandit suppression" allied forces in Jiangxi, Guangdong, Fujian, Hunan and Hubei provinces, and participated in the fifth "encirclement and suppression" of the Central Soviet area. In October 1934, the central red army withdrew from Ruijin and broke through to the border of Jiangxi, Hunan and Guangdong. He led his troops to set up defense and intercept along the East Bank of Xiangjiang River. In the first ten days of November, he served as the commander-in-chief of the pursuit, leading the army to pursue the Red Army to Guizhou. In 1935, he served as the first commander of the "bandit suppression" army, wantonly "encircling and suppressing", catching up with and intercepting the 2nd and 6th Red Army Corps, and ruthlessly "suppressing" the Red Army guerrillas. Because of his "meritorious service" against the Communist Party and the people, he was successively promoted to a member of the national government and a second rank General of the army.

Yang Kaihui, the wife of Mao Zedong, the founding leader of the people's Republic of China, was killed on November 14, 1930 in shiziling, Liuyang, Hunan Province. She died at the age of 29.

After the red army moved northward, it was forced to resign as commander in chief of the fourth Route Army, and all its headquarters were transferred to Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces, thus depriving it of its military strength. At the end of November 1937, he was appointed Minister of internal affairs of the national government. In the spring of 1939, he served as a member of the Pension Committee of the Military Commission. After the victory of the Anti Japanese War, he resigned and went to Nanyue to recuperate.

He moved to Hong Kong in the spring of 1949. He came to Taiwan the following summer and was employed as the national policy adviser of the "presidential office" of the Taiwan authorities. In April 1956, he died in Taipei at the age of 69.

Anecdotes of characters

Birth and infancy

He Jian (1887-1956), No. Yunquan, later changed to Yunqiao, general of the Kuomintang army. Born on March 11, 1887, he was a farmer in he Jiawu, Donggang, Xixiang, Liling County, Hunan Province. His father, he Qishan, worked as a domestic helper for many years and worked in sideline production for many years. With a little savings, he bought a small amount of land, but later sold the land for the expenses of going to Baoding military academy.

When he Jian was a child, he studied in a private school in his hometown. In 1903, he entered zhuzici primary school. The next year, he studied in Lujiang middle school. In 1906, He Jian, who had not graduated from middle school, was admitted to Chonggu school sponsored by Wang Xianqian of Yuelu Mountain in Changsha. After three years, he changed to Hunan Public School of politics and law. Wang Xianqian was a typical figure of the stubborn reactionaries in Hunan in the late Qing Dynasty. He Jian's life is inseparable from his teacher's ideological influence.

Military academy study

After the revolution of 1911, He Jian worked as a clerk in the police section of Hunan civil affairs department, and soon left his post to study in Hunan general school. After the suspension of the Institute, it was transferred to the Nanjing Cadet team. Later, he was assigned to Hubei Army No. 3 middle school. During his study in the school, He Jian was very tired of various courses and examinations at that time. Once, when taking the geometry exam, he looked at the exam paper and was in a bad mood. He managed to finish the exam. Then in the blank of the paper, he wrote "spring and autumn geometry? Life geometry? Seeking poverty? Seeking wealth?"

Later, the marking teacher said in front of the students, "He Jian, you wrote a lot of" geometry "in the examination paper of geometry. This geometry, that geometry, is really very happy!" Since then, He Jian's strong pursuit of fame has been gradually recognized by everyone, and his examination papers have become a joke. He Jian graduated from Baoding Military Academy in 1916.

Pursuit of fame

After he Jian graduated from Baoding military academy, he was assigned to the 1st Brigade of the 1st division of Hunan army. At this time, He Jian was 29 years old. Mr. Zhao hengti thought that he was no longer suitable to be a lower level cadre and did not want to accept it. When Zhao xigeng came to the brigade, he Xiumei suggested that he Xiulin be employed as a trainee. Soon afterwards, he served as a second lieutenant and platoon leader.

In March 1918, the northern warlord zhang Jingyao attacked Hunan, and the Hunan Guangxi allied forces were defeated. He Jian lost his gun in the battle. After fleeing to Changsha, he got a warrant from Zhao hengti and went to eastern Hunan to collect scattered guns. At that time, it was the "civil war" and there were a lot of scattered guns among the people. Later, Zhang Huaizhi's troops of the northern army retreated to Liling one after another along the Pingzhu railway. After he Jian returned to Liling, he played the banner of "protecting the territory and stabilizing the people". Contact old friends Liu Jianxu and Yu Xiangsan, collect scattered soldiers and organize guerrillas.

His guerrilla activities in the southwest of Liling County, that is, the south of Zhuping railway, defeated Zhang Jingyao's troops for many times and expanded rapidly. Therefore, this armed force attracted the attention of the Hunan army headquarters which retreated in Hunan at that time.

He Jian saw that he had a lot of people, so he began to dream of being a brigade commander. He posted the so-called "He Jian, brigade commander of Hunan independent brigade" notice everywhere in the scope of the activity, and sent a petition to the headquarters of Hunan army to exaggerate the strength of his team and request to be designated as an independent brigade.

On May 31, 1918, the headquarters of Hunan army formally established "Liuli guerrilla headquarters". Cheng Qian, commander in chief of the Hunan army, appointed He Jian as commander and leader of the first detachment, and Zhang Guowei, leader of another local armed force in Liling, as deputy commander and leader of the second detachment, ordering the two armed forces to merge. He Jian's first detachment had four battalions under its jurisdiction, with Tao Guang, Wang Benren, Liu Jianxu and Liu Dezhao (later the battalion was cut and merged) as its commanders.

Before the Dragon Boat Festival in 1919, the Hunan army headquarters accepted the request of he and Zhang and ordered the "Liu Li guerrillas" to go to Chen County for reorganization. He Jian and Zhang Guowei left Liling and went to Chen County via You County, Anren County and Zixing county. At this time, there was internal strife in the Hunan army, and Tan Yankai and Zhao hengti united to overthrow Cheng (Cheng Qian), and Cheng was forced to step down. He and Zhang's guerrillas stayed in Zixing on standby. Soon, ye Longke, the chief of staff of the first division, an old subordinate of Cheng Qian, arrived in Zixing to deal with the reorganization. He put forward the conditions for Liu Li guerrillas to be reorganized into brigades and be their own brigades commander. Originally, this adaptation was planned by Ye Longke. Ye's goal was to be the brigade commander himself. Seeing that He Jian's conditions are too high, ye feels that things are difficult to deal with. When he returns to the headquarters, he asks Li Longhan, the staff officer of the headquarters, where to dredge up the relationship with his fellow countrymen. Li was straightforward and said he was not qualified as a brigade commander. He Jian heard this very angry, said: "Pavilion long (Liu Bang) can be an emperor, why can't I be a brigade commander?" the result of adaptation became a bubble. In order to bring down He Jian's guerrillas, Tan Yankai, Zhao hengti and other anti Cheng factions took advantage of the contradiction between he and Zhang Guowei, the deputy commander, to carry out the plan of estrangement. When Zhang Guowei set up the "Liuli guerrilla headquarters", the strength of the team was greater than He Jian. Instead, he was only a deputy commander, but he was not convinced. As soon as Tan and Zhao were estranged, Zhang broke away from He Jian's control and suddenly took three battalions away to settle in Chen's house at Taihe market in Yongxing. He was directly incorporated into Tang Shengzhi, head of the 3rd regiment of the 1st Brigade of the 1st division of Zhao hengti, and his subordinates were cavalry battalions. He lost 60 percent at Houghton

Chinese PinYin : He Jian