Shi Yang
Shi Yang
Shi Yang (June 13, 1889 - February 15, 1923) was born in Shuanggui village, majiadu Town, Zhushan County, Hubei Province. He was born in Shijiawan, Zhushan County, Hubei Province in 1889. In order to seek revolutionary truth, he was admitted to Hubei police school in 1914 and graduated. The next year, he was admitted to Hubei private law and politics school to study law.
In 1915, Shi Yang studied in Hubei private law school. After graduating in 1917, he organized the society of law and politics with Wuhan jurists, claiming that lawyers are tools to protect human rights and uphold justice.
In the autumn of 1920, Shi Yang participated in the Research Society of Marxist theory established by the early organization of the Communist Party of China in Wuhan and read the Manifesto of the Communist Party and other Marxist Leninist works. At the same time, he also went deep into the industrial workers' residential areas, understood the workers' sufferings, participated in the establishment of night schools for workers and schools for workers' children, and publicized the "sacred labor" and socialism. In October 1921, he took part in the work of Wuhan Branch of the Secretary Department of the labor union and actively engaged in the planned labor movement. At the end of 1921, he went to Changsha to learn from Mao Zedong and launch the agricultural movement. He became brothers with Mao Zedong and Kong Geng, a veteran of the 1911 Revolution who was asking Hunan army to help Hubei. In June 1922, Shi Yang joined the Communist Party of China. At the end of July of the same year, after Shi Yang led Hanyang Iron Works to win the strike, he took part in the establishment of Wuhan Federation of trade unions and Youth League and was employed as the legal adviser of the Federation.
On February 4, 1923, the workers of Beijing Han railway held a general strike. Shi Yang, one of the leaders of the strike, actively organized workers and students in Wuhan to demonstrate against Wu Peifu, a warlord. On the night of February 7, Shi Yang was arrested by the reactionary army and police. In the enemy's court, Shi Yang denounced the Warlord's heinous crime of suppressing the workers' movement and overpowered the enemy with his fearless revolutionary spirit. In the early hours of February 15, the enemy took Shi Yang to the execution ground and executed him at the age of 34.
Personal life
Shi Yang's family is poor. In 1907, he was admitted to Yunyang agricultural school to study silkworm, and in 1910, he was transferred to Yunyang agricultural middle school. After the outbreak of the revolution of 1911, due to the closure of schools, they had to terminate their studies. In 1912, he returned to his hometown and founded the national school as its president. Shi Yang also founded the Agricultural Affairs Association and was promoted to President. In 1914, Shi Yang was admitted to Hubei police school. He was admitted to Hubei law and politics school in 1915 to study law. In 1917, he graduated from the first class and worked as a lawyer in Wuchang. In 1919, he began to practice in a law firm at No. 5, Piye lane, Hualou street, Hankou. Soon after, he joined the newly established Wuhan law and politics society and was elected as the executive vice president. Shi Yang joined the Communist Party of China in June 1922, introduced by Xu Baihao and Xiang Ying. In July, he participated in the preparation for the establishment of the earliest local federation of trade unions in China - Wuhan Federation of trade unions and Youth League (changed to Hubei Federation of trade unions and Youth League on October 10), and served as the legal adviser of the Federation. After that, Shi Yang supported the strike of tobacco factory workers and rickshaw pullers as a lawyer. He has participated in and led more than ten labor movements in Wuhan. On February 1, 1923, the founding meeting of the General Union of Beijing Han railway was solemnly held in Zhengzhou. Shi Yang participated in the guidance work of the conference as the legal adviser of Hubei Provincial Federation of trade unions and unions and Jinghan Railway General Union. The meeting was blocked by the Zhengzhou police at that time, and the workers' representatives who attended the meeting had serious conflicts with the military and police dispatched by the authorities. That night, the Federation of trade unions held a secret meeting and asked the authorities to meet the requirements of the Federation of trade unions within two days (replacing the director of Zhengzhou Police Bureau, returning the assets of the Federation of trade unions, etc.), otherwise, the general strike on the whole line of Beijing Wuhan Railway would be carried out. At the same time, the strike was deployed. Shi Yang and Lin Xiangqian were appointed as the general leaders of the strike in Jiang'an District. After attending the secret meeting of the Federation of trade unions, Shi Yang and Lin Xiangqian took the train back to Hankou river that night. On February 2, Shi Yang, Lin Xiangqian and others held a mobilization meeting at the Hankou river bank division meeting. On the morning of February 4, Shi Yang and Lin Xiangqian immediately ordered the Jiang'an division of labor to strike after receiving the instructions from the general trade union on starting the strike. Later, the so-called "February 7th strike" (also known as the "Beijing Han railway strike") officially broke out. On the afternoon of February 7, Xiao Yaonan, a warlord in Hubei Province, began to take measures to suppress by force. That night, Shi Yang was arrested at home and escorted to Hankou police station. On February 8, Shi Yang was escorted to the trial Office of Hubei army in Wuchang. In the afternoon of the same day, the army Justice Department held a court session. In court, Shi Yang argued and criticized the reactionary nature of the Northern Warlords. Under the secret order of the Northern Warlord Wu Peifu, the Hubei warlord executed Shi Yang in Hongshan, Wuchang, in the early hours of February 15, 1923 (December 30) before the normal end of the court trial.
Characters and deeds
After the May 4th Movement broke out in 1919, Wuchang students supported the anti imperialist patriotic movement of Beijing students, held demonstrations and strikes, and were brutally suppressed by the reactionary army and police. On the one hand, Shi Yang sent the students killed by the warlords to the court for examination. On the other hand, he proposed to the bar association to institute a public prosecution, demanding that the murderer be severely punished, and organized a strike by businessmen and civilians on June 12. In September, in Beijing, Shi Yang negotiated with representatives from all over the world to organize the China Federation of all walks of life, and served as the Preparatory Committee of the association. On November 10, the Chinese Federation of all walks of life announced its establishment in Shanghai, and Shi Yang was elected Minister of the Review Department of the Federation. In April 1920, Shi Yang initiated the organization of "civilian education society" and was elected as the general director. He participated in the establishment of seven civilian schools and the revolutionary journal Wuhan weekly review founded by Chen Tanqiu, Huang Yingsheng and Liu Zitong. In January 1921, when the Jiangan Jinghan railway workers' club was founded, he was employed as a legal adviser. During this period, he organized and led the strike of workers in Hanyang Iron and steel plant, British and American tobacco plant and other enterprises and won the victory. In June, the army of warlord Wang Zhanyuan opened fire in Wuchang City and looted the shops, causing strong dissatisfaction among the people of Wuhan. In the name of the Hubei Federation of all walks of life, Shi Yang sent seven consecutive telegrams to Wang Zhanyuan, announced Wang Zhanyuan's crime to China, and put forward the idea of "autonomy" to drive the king. In the struggle of "driving out the king and autonomy", he organized the Hubei provisional government and the Hubei autonomous army, and Shi was elected as the Secretary of the provincial council. In October, after Wang Zhanyuan was expelled, Shi Yang took part in the work of the Wuhan Branch of the Secretary Department of the Chinese labor union under the leadership of the Communist Party of China. On December 1, the boss of Hankou Automobile Company colluded with the concession authorities to arbitrarily increase the rent of rickshaw, which was opposed by the workers. The next day, Shi Yang and Lin Yunan organized "Hankou rickshaw pullers trade union" according to the party's instructions, and directed thousands of rickshaw pullers to strike for seven days, winning a complete victory. In June 1922, Shi Jing was introduced by Xu Bai Wu and Xiang Ying to join the Communist Party of China. On September 9, Guangdong Han railway workers held a strike, led by Guo Liang at Yuezhou station and Lin Yunan and Shi Yang at xujiapeng station in Wuchang. The strike lasted for 17 days, and the reactionary authorities were forced to agree to the terms proposed by the trade union and won a complete victory. On September 23, Shi Yang went to Shanghai to attend the national judicial conference. During the conference, he met with Sun Yat Sen and exchanged views with him on political issues. He agreed with Sun Yat Sen's democratic revolution. On October 10, the Federation of trade unions and Youth League of Hubei Province was established. He served as the legal adviser of the Federation. He was responsible for all the legal affairs of workers. In January 1923, the British tobacco factory in Hankou caused a strike because of the dismissal of female workers for no reason. Shi Yang stood up to reason for the workers and fought against the British capitalists. Thanks to Shi Yang's correct leadership, the strike over the past 30 days ended successfully with the British capitalists agreeing to accept the terms offered by the workers. While leading the strike in Wuhan, Shi Yang, Xiang Ying, Lin Yunan, Zhang Hao and others actively participated in the preparatory work of the Beijing Han Railway General Union. He also led a delegation of Hubei trade union to attend the inaugural meeting of Beijing Wuhan Railway General trade union held in Zhengzhou on February 1. After the strike, Shi Yang actively participated in the organization and leadership work. On the evening of February 7, Shi Yang was arrested by warlord Xiao Yaonan and put into prison. On the morning of February 15, he died bravely at the foot of Hongshan. On the execution ground, he was impassioned. In the face of the army, police and the people, he cried out: "I just hope that the Chinese workers will get up early and eat the flesh and skin of warlords, bureaucrats, capitalists and people like you who are their running dogs together." I am not afraid of people, things and death. I am upright and upright and oppose violence. You have killed one Shiyang and tens of millions of Shiyang! ". Two bullets in the body, still shouting "long live the laborer!" It shows the heroic spirit of a Communist Party member.
Historical influence
In August 1923, under the severe white terror, Hankou rickshaw pullers, in order to express their grief for Shi Yang, set up sacrifices at various docks. Thousands of rickshaw pullers knelt down to cry bitterly and marched with the spirit tablet. The scene was solemn and stirring. In February 1924, in order to commemorate the first anniversary of Shi Yang's martyrdom, Lin Yunan edited the book Shi Yang Memorial. In the same year, Shanghai's "Republic of China Daily" published the Shiyang Memorial. In 1927, on the fourth anniversary of February 7th, the masses of Wuhan held a meeting with 700000 people of the National Revolutionary Army to commemorate the fourth anniversary of February 7th. After the meeting, people from all walks of life in Wuhan swept the graves of Shi Yang, Lin Xiangqian and other "February 7th" martyrs, and held a commemorative meeting of "February 7th" martyrs on the Bank of the river. Later, he edited and published the special issue of commemorating the four weeks of February 7 and the special issue of commemorating Shi Yang, a martyr who died on February 7. In 1933, when commemorating the 10th anniversary of the "February 7th" struggle, Zhou Enlai wrote the article "this year's" February 7th "commemoration and the central task of the Chinese working class", pointing out that the heroic struggle of the "February 7th" martyrs was "the movement to start the League before the Chinese revolution" and "glorified the glorious history of the great revolution". In February 1939, Mao Zedong held "February 7th" in Yan'an
Chinese PinYin : Shi Yang
Shi Yang
