Kou Zhun

Kou Jun

Kou Zhun (October 24, 961-1023) was born in Xiaying, Huazhou (now Weinan, Shaanxi). Politicians and poets in the Northern Song Dynasty.

Taiping Xingguo five years (980) Jinshi, granted Dali evaluation and know Badong, Cheng'an two counties. Being upright, he was gradually valued by Taizong because of his many direct admonitions. At the age of 32, he paid homage to the Vice Minister of Privy Council, and was immediately promoted to serve as an official. After he ascended the throne, Zhenzong successively served in the Ministry of work, the Ministry of punishment and the Ministry of war, and also served as three secretaries. In the first year of Jingde (1004), he became prime minister (Tongping Zhangshi) together with Bi Shian. In the winter of that year, Khitan invaded the Song Dynasty and surrounded Hebei areas such as Danzhou, which shocked the government and the public. Kou Zhun opposed the move to the South and urged Zhenzong to fight in person, thus stabilizing the morale of the army and making the song and Liao sides enter into an "alliance of Chanyuan.". In the third year of Jingde (1006), because of Wang qinruo's exclusion, he resigned. In the first year of Tianxi (1017), the prime minister was restored. Later, because of his participation in the court power struggle, he was excluded by Ding Wei and others, and several of them were relegated. Finally, Leizhou Si Hu joined the army. In 1023, he died in Leizhou.

In 1053, Emperor Renzong of the Song Dynasty issued an imperial edict to set up a Shinto tablet for him. He personally wrote the word "Jingzhong" at the beginning of the tablet, regained the title of Duke Lai, and presented it to zhongshuling with the posthumous title of "Zhongmin". Therefore, most of the posterity called him Kou Zhongmin or Kou laigong. Together with Bai Juyi and Zhang Renyuan, they are called "three sages of Weinan". Kou ZHUNSHAN's poems are literary, especially his seven unique poems, which are handed down to the world in three volumes of the collection of poems by Kou Zhongmin.

Life of the characters

a family of scholar

His ancestors lived in Changping Township, Taigu, Taiyuan, then moved to fengxu, and finally moved to Xiaying, Huazhou. Kou Jun was born in a famous family. Su Chasheng, the distant ancestor of Kou Jun, once served as the commander of Kou at the time of King Wu of the Western Zhou Dynasty. His father, Kou Xiang, won the entrance examination of Jinshi Jiake in the Kaiyun period of the later Jin Dynasty. Later, he joined the army as a member of the Wei King's office in response to the imperial edict. Kou Zhun was gifted, intelligent and studious. At the age of 14, he had written many excellent poems. When I was 15 years old, I could study the spring and Autumn Annals.

Stepping into official career

In the fifth year of Taiping's rejuvenation of the country (980), Kou Zhun, 19, was a Jinshi in the examination. When selecting Jinshi, Taizong of the Song Dynasty often went to the platform in front of the hall to see and ask questions in person, and young people were often not employed. Some people taught kou to increase his age. Kou said, "I'm just about to embark on an official career. How can I cheat your majesty?" Later, he passed the examination and was granted the official Dali to judge the affairs. He was sent to Badong County of Guizhou to be the magistrate of Chengan county. Later, he was promoted to the rank of judge of salt and iron, doctor of Yu Department of Shangshu, and direct Bachelor of privy.

In the second year of Duangong (989), Kou Jun once played in the palace and boldly remonstrated. Because of his insidious advice, Taizong of the Song Dynasty could not listen to it. He left the throne angrily and wanted to return to the inner palace. But Kou Zhun grabbed Taizong's clothes and advised him to sit down again and listen to him finish. After the event, Taizong of the Song Dynasty highly praised Kou Zhun and said happily, "I got Kou Zhun just like Taizong of the Tang Dynasty got Wei Zheng." Kou Zhun was famous for his uprightness and wisdom among the officials of the Song Dynasty.

In the early years of Chunhua, the Court dealt with two bribery cases. Wang Huai, a serious criminal, was dismissed from his post and returned to his original post soon after taking tens of millions of stolen money, while Zuji, a minor criminal, was sentenced to death. Kou Zhun knew that it was Wang Huai's brother, Wang Mian, who was involved in political affairs. He was very angry.

In the spring of the second year of Chunhua (1991), there was a great drought. Emperor Taizong of the Song Dynasty called his officials to inquire about the gains and losses of current politics. Most of the officials thought it was caused by the number of days, while Kou Zhun said: "in Hongfan, the relationship between heaven and man is like shadow and echo. The drought is due to the unfair punishment." Emperor Taizong was very angry and got up to return to the palace. After a while, he asked about the unfairness of the punishment. He said, "if you want to call in the officials of the second government, I will tell you." The emperor ordered to call the officials of the two prefectures. Kou Zhun said, "not long ago, both Zuji and Wang Huai violated the law and accepted bribes. Zuji took fewer bribes but was beheaded. Wang Huai, because he was Wang Mian's younger brother, accepted tens of millions of money and was only punished by punishment, but still returned to his original post. Isn't that unfair?" Song Taizong asked Wang Mian about it, and Wang Mian kowtowed to apologize. So Song Taizong severely criticized Wang Mian, and knew Kou Zhun could use it. He immediately appointed Kou Zhun as Zuo Jianyi's official and privy Deputy envoy, changed to tongzhiyuan affairs, and began to directly participate in the military affairs of the Northern Song Dynasty.

Kou Zhun has a serious disagreement with Zhang Xun in the Privy Council. One day, Kou Zhun and Wen Zhongshu go out together. On the way, he meets a madman who shouts long live to his horse. Judge Zuo Jinwu, Wang Bin and Zhang Xun have always been good friends, Zhang Xun asked him to report this matter to Song Taizong. Kou Zhun quotes Wen Zhongshu as a witness. Zhang Xun asks Wang Bin to play alone. His words are very strict, and he accuses each other of their shortcomings. Emperor Taizong of Song Dynasty was very angry and relegated to Zhang Xun. Kou Jun was also removed from office as the magistrate of Qingzhou. But at this time, Song Taizong could not do without Kou Zhun. After Kou Zhun went to Qingzhou, Song Taizong was depressed and often asked about Kou Zhun's situation in Qingzhou. The next year, Kou Zhun was recalled to the capital as an official. In the first year of Daoism (1995), it was added to Shizhong.

Persuading the emperor to establish the crown prince

At that time, Emperor Taizong of the Song Dynasty had been in power for a long time and had never established a crown prince. This matter has always been a headache for Taizong of Song Dynasty. Because after the death of song Taizu, his son Dezhao failed to succeed, Song Taizong practiced as emperor's younger brother, and the death of song Taizu still has the mystery of "candle shadow and axe sound", that is to say, Song Taizong suspected of killing his elder brother to seize the throne. Therefore, Emperor Taizong of the Song Dynasty faced two choices: to establish his own son or Taizu's son. At that time, most ministers refused to talk about the establishment of a reserve. Feng Zheng, a minister of state, was demoted to Lingnan by Taizong when he was asked to establish a crown prince. From then on, few people from all walks of life dared to talk about it again.

Kou Jinggang returned from Qingzhou and met Taizong of Song Dynasty. Song Taizong was suffering from foot disease at that time. After he saw the injury, he asked affectionately, "how can you go back to Beijing now?" Song Taizong felt a little sorry. Then Emperor Taizong asked Kou Jun who should be the crown prince. Kou Zhun had already guessed the purpose of Song Taizong's summoning him, and he had already known it well, but he didn't answer Song Taizong's question directly.

Kou Jun said: "to choose a monarch for the world, you can't consult with the empress concubines, the middle officials (eunuchs) or plan with the near ministers. You should choose the one who is expected by the public as the crown prince." Song Taizong bowed his head and thought for a long time. He held back the people around him and asked softly, "how about King Xiang?" Kou Zhun was secretly happy, so he pushed the boat along with the current and said, "a son is better than a father. Since your majesty thinks that King Xiang can do it, please decide. " The next day, Emperor Taizong of the Song Dynasty announced that Zhao Heng, king of Xiang, was Yin of Kaifeng, changed to Shouwang, and later became crown prince.

When Taizong and the prince of the Song Dynasty came back from visiting their ancestral temple, people in the capital crowded on both sides of the road, jubilant, competing to see the crown prince. At this time, someone in the crowd called "young emperor". After hearing this, Taizong of Song Dynasty was very unhappy and asked Kou Jun, "where will the crown prince put me?" Kou Jun repeatedly congratulated him and said, "Your Majesty's choice of the crown prince is very popular. This is the blessing of the country." Emperor Taizong of the Song Dynasty suddenly realized that he would like to drink with him and stop drinking. After that, Taizong of Song Dynasty was more dependent on the pirates. Someone presented a treasure to Emperor Taizong of Song Dynasty: a rhinoceros, which was made into two rhinoceros belts by Emperor Taizong of Song Dynasty. One was for his own use, and the other was given to Kou Zhun.

Chanyuan retreated

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< sub > Danyuan

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In the third year of Zhidao (997), Emperor Taizong of Song Dynasty died, and Prince Zhao Heng succeeded to the throne, that is, Emperor Zhenzong of Song Dynasty. Kou Zhun served as the Minister of Shangshu's work department. Song Zhenzong wanted Kou Zhun to be the Prime Minister for a long time. He was worried that he was upright and difficult to serve alone. Liao state took advantage of the new establishment of the Song Dynasty and harassed the border more frequently.

In the second year of Xianping (999), the Liao army defeated the song army in gaoyangguan, captured the Song Dynasty, deployed Kangbao descendants in the capital, and plundered them. In the sixth year of Xianping (1003), the Liao army invaded gaoyangguan again, and Wang Jizhong was captured by the song army. These two wars greatly shocked the court of the Northern Song Dynasty. In the first year of Jingde, there were frequent reports of urgent border cases, saying that Liao army would invade again on a large scale. In June of that year, Bi Shian, a political advisor, recommended Kou Zhun to song Zhenzong as his prime minister. Bi Shian said: "Kou Zhun is a loyal man who can judge great events. He is determined to die for his country and is jealous of evil. At present, with the invasion of the north, only Kou Zhun can defend the enemy and protect the country. " In August, Kou Zhun and Bi Shian paid homage to each other on the same day.

In the first year of Jingde (1004), Kou Zhun ranked under Bi Shian as the grand Bachelor of Jixian hall. In September, yelulungxu and his mother, Empress Dowager Xiao, led 200000 troops from Youzhou and pushed southward. The Liao army attacked Dingzhou from the Weilu army and was blocked by the song soldiers, so they turned their front to the southeast. When the Liao army went south. In the period of "urgent writing, one night and five nights", most of the top figures in the ruling group of the Northern Song Dynasty were terrified. Wang qinruo, who was involved in political affairs, was a native of Jiangnan and advocated moving the capital to Jinling. Chen yaosou, the Deputy Secretary of the Privy Council, was from Sichuan and proposed to move his capital to Chengdu. They advocated avoiding the invasion of Liao. Song Zhenzong had no intention to resist the enemy, and he was even more frightened. Only Kou Zhun and Bi Shian insisted on resistance. When song Zhenzong asked for their opinions, Wang qinruo and Chen yaosou happened to be present. Kou Jing knew in his heart that they had proposed the idea of moving the capital, but he pretended not to know and said to song Zhenzong, "who is the one who is planning this strategy for your majesty? He can be beheaded for his sin. Now your majesty is a mighty emperor. The generals and civil servants are very united. If you lead the troops in person, the enemy will naturally run away. If not, they will send out surprise troops to disrupt the enemy's plans, stick to their positions, wear down the enemy's morale, and make him tired and tired. From fatigue

Chinese PinYin : Kou Zhun