Wang Ruofei

Wang Ruofei

Wang Ruofei (October 1896 to April 8, 1946) was born in Anshun, Guizhou Province. He was an outstanding communist pioneer, leader of the Communist Party of China, proletarian revolutionist of the older generation, and a famous martyr of April 8.

In his youth, Wang Ruofei participated in the revolution of 1911 and the campaign against Yuan Shikai. In June 1922, Wang Ruofei, Zhao Shiyan and Zhou Enlai initiated the establishment of the "Chinese Youth Communist Party in Europe", actively engaged in the propaganda of Marxism Leninism. In 1923, he was transferred from a member of the French Communist Party to a member of the Chinese Communist Party. He successively served as secretary of the Party committee of Henan and Shaanxi, Secretary General of the CPC Central Committee, and Secretary of Jiangsu Provincial Agricultural Committee. As one of the representatives of the CPC delegation, he went to Chongqing to negotiate with Mao Zedong and Zhou Enlai, and signed the famous "double ten agreement" with the Kuomintang government. On April 8, 1946, Wang Ruofei returned to Yan'an by plane. He died in Heichashan, shanxixing County, because of the plane crash. He was 50 years old.

In 2009, Wang Ruofei was rated as "100 heroes and models who made outstanding contributions to the founding of new China" by 11 departments including the Central Propaganda Department and the central organization department.

Life of the characters

Childhood

Wang Ruofei, named Jiren, formerly known as Wang Yunsheng. Born in October 1896 in a feudal family in Xixiu District, Anshun City, Guizhou Province, he lives at 173 Zhonghua North Road. He moved to Guiyang in 1903. In February 1904, Wang Ruofei was brought to Guiyang by his second uncle Huang Qisheng to take care of him. Study in Guiyang Dade school (now the former site of Guiyang Dade College, located in the south of the Grand Cross of Guiyang business center). When he read the famous sentence from Mulan Ci that "ten thousand li go to the military plane, pass the mountains and spend time as if flying", he yearned for the kind of fighting career of fighting in the rein field and wrapping the body with a horse ", so he changed his name to Ruofei. In November 1911, Wang Ruofei responded to the call of the revolution of 1911 and participated in the inspection of urban defense by Guiyang student team. In 1912, he worked in the bookstore.

Revolutionary years

In 1915, Wang Ruofei went to Tongren Mining Bureau with his great uncle Huang Ganfu as a clerical and accountant. However, under the leadership of his uncle Huang Qisheng, Wang Ruofei took part in the struggle against Yuan Shikai's restoration of the monarchy and embarked on the revolutionary road. In 1917, Wang Ruofei studied in Japan under the leadership of Huang Qisheng. After the outbreak of the May 4th movement, he resolutely returned home. In 1919, he went to work study in France. In June 1922, during his work study program in France, Wang Ruofei, Zhao Shiyan, Zhou Enlai and others initiated the establishment of the Chinese Youth Communist Party in Europe, actively exploring the Chinese revolution and promoting Marxism. In the autumn of the same year, together with Zhao Shiyan and Chen Yannian, Ruan Aiguo (Ho Chi Minh) introduced him to join the French Communist Party. In 1923, Wang Ruofei went to the Soviet Union to study in Moscow Oriental Communist University, and became a member of the Communist Party of China in April of the same year. In March 1925, Wang Ruofei returned to China. Soon after, Wang Ruofei served as secretary of the CPC Henan Shaanxi District Committee. Under the guidance of Li Dazhao, Wang Ruofei vigorously developed the CPC party and League organizations in the Central Plains, actively carried out various work centered on the workers' movement, and made contributions to promoting the revolutionary movement in the Central Plains. In 1926, Wang Ruofei was transferred to Shanghai as the Secretary General of the CPC Central Committee. He participated in the daily work of the CPC Central Committee and the organization and leadership of the three armed uprisings of Shanghai workers. After the Fifth National Congress of the Communist Party of China, Wang Ruofei served as member of the Standing Committee of the CPC Jiangsu Provincial Committee, Minister of farmers and Minister of propaganda. In June 1928, Wang Ruofei went to Moscow to attend the Sixth Congress of the Communist International. Later, he was a member of the CPC delegation to the Communist International and the representative of the Chinese farmers association to the farmers international, and studied in Lenin University. In 1931, Wang Ruofei returned to China and became a special commissioner of the northwest special committee of the Communist Party of China. He took part in leading the peasants' struggle in Northwest China, including Shaanxi, Gansu, Ningxia, Shanxi, Suizhou and Xinjiang, and carried out the agrarian revolution. On November 21, 1931, Wang Ruofei was arrested in Baotou Tai'an Inn because of betrayal by traitors, and spent nearly six years as an iron window. In May 1937, rescued by the northern Bureau of the CPC Central Committee, he ended five years and seven months in prison. When he arrived in Yan'an in August of the same year, Wang Ruofei successively served as director of the propaganda department and director of the United Front Work Department of the CPC Shaanxi Gansu Ningxia border district committee. In 1938, Wang Ruofei became Secretary General of the central China Working Committee and the North China Working Committee of the CPC Central Committee, and also deputy chief of staff of the Eighth Route Army. Since 1940, Wang Ruofei has been Secretary General of the CPC Central Committee and director of the Party Affairs Committee of the CPC Central Committee. During this period, on the basis of in-depth investigation and research, Wang Ruofei wrote many political and military articles, participated in the discussion and formulation of many policies and instructions on the construction of Anti Japanese base areas. In May 1944, as Lin Boqu's assistant, Wang Ruofei went to Xi'an and Chongqing to negotiate with the national government. He also helped Dong Biwu to preside over the work of the Southern Bureau of the Communist Party of China. Since November, Wang Ruofei has been the Secretary of the working committee of the Southern Bureau of the Communist Party of China. He is responsible for presiding over the daily work of the Southern Bureau of the Communist Party of China, extensively uniting democratic parties and personages without party affiliation to fight against the diehards of the Kuomintang. In June 1945, Wang Ruofei was elected a member of the CPC Central Committee at the Seventh National Congress of the CPC. In August of the same year, after the victory of the Anti Japanese War, Wang Ruofei, as a representative of the Communist Party of China, accompanied Mao Zedong and Zhou Enlai to Chongqing to participate in the peace talks between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party. During the Chongqing negotiations, Wang Ruofei worked hard day and night to assist Mao Zedong and Zhou Enlai. In January 1946, Wang Ruofei attended the Political Consultative Conference held in Chongqing on behalf of the Chinese Communist Party. At the meeting, Wang Ruofei, in accordance with the requirements of the Party Central Committee, not only adhered to principles, but also grasped flexible struggle strategies. On major issues such as the reorganization of the government and the national assembly, he united all democratic parties and fought tit for tat against the dictatorship policy of the Kuomintang.

Unfortunate death

On April 8, 1946, Wang Ruofei left Chongqing by plane to return to Yan'an with the Chinese Communist delegation's final plan of negotiation with the Chinese Kuomintang on the constitution, the composition of the national government and other issues, together with Qin bangxian, Ye Ting, Deng FA and Huang Qisheng. Due to the weather, the plane lost its way and crashed on Heicha mountain in Xingxian County, Shanxi Province. All 13 people on the same plane were killed. Wang Ruofei was only 50 years old at that time.

Achievements and contributions

During the ten formal negotiation meetings between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party, Wang Ruofei cooperated with Zhou Enlai to make several important speeches. On the afternoon of October 10, Zhou Enlai and Wang Ruofei, representatives of the Chinese Communist Party, and Wang Shijie, Shao Lizi and Zhang Zhizhong, representatives of the Chinese Kuomintang, signed the summary of talks between the national government and representatives of the Chinese Communist Party. when Wang Ruofei was director of the Secretary Department of the CPC Central Committee in Shanghai, he took part in and led the three armed uprisings of workers in Shanghai. During his tenure as Secretary General of the CPC Central Committee and director of the Central Party Affairs Committee, he participated in the discussion and formulation of many policies and instructions on the construction of the Anti Japanese base areas, and made important contributions to promoting the construction of the Anti Japanese base areas. In April 1940, Wang Ruofei published in the Journal of the Eighth Route Army the experience in the development of guerrilla war between the North China guerrillas and the masses, which put forward seven tasks for the guerrillas and pointed out the direction for the development of guerrilla war. at the Sixth National Congress of the Communist Party of China held in Moscow, Wang Ruofei exposed and criticized the nature and serious consequences of Chen Duxiu's mistakes. Wang Ruofei pointed out that the work in Inner Mongolia should deeply mobilize the masses, do a good job in ethnic work, carry out armed struggle, and carry out agrarian revolution at a certain time. In view of the "self-government movement" instigated by Japanese secret agents, Wang Ruofei also proposed to strengthen the unity between Mongolia and Han and resist Japan together. In Yan'an, Wang Ruofei founded the monthly unity, a theoretical Journal of the Party committee of the Shaanxi Gansu Ningxia border region. He also wrote articles such as where China is going, the historical significance of the Paris Commune, and the October Revolution ushered in a new era of history.

member of family

Anecdotes and allusions

Training in prison

Wang Ruofei's health is not good. In 1931, Wang Ruofei was arrested and went to prison. In order to fight against the enemy, he tried every means to exercise under various conditions. One of Wang Ruofei's ways of exercising in prison is sunbathing. He took advantage of the short windbreak every day to bask in the sun in the yard. Later, he developed severe rheumatoid arthritis, and the enemy was forced to allow him to bask in the sun for an hour or two a day. He took advantage of this opportunity to lie in the yard and let the sun shine all over his body, making his skin red. Another way for Wang Ruofei to exercise is to rub himself in cold water. Wang Ruofei moved the poor old guard with his words and deeds. He secretly bought some big bowls for Wang Ruofei. Comrade Wang Ruofei filled cold water with them every day and wiped himself with a towel until his whole body turned red. Wang Ruofei also has a method of exercise in prison, which is called "indoor gymnastics". Gymnastics includes leg extension, bending and arm bending. No matter in the dog days or in the dog days, he keeps on exercising. Wang Ruofei said in prison: "if the enemy wants to destroy us, we must take good care of our bodies. We are revolutionaries. We must never give in to the harsh environment and fight resolutely. I am not afraid of death, because the enemy is afraid of our truth, we must fight to defend our truth; I love the body, because with a healthy body, we can more effectively defend the truth. I am born for truth, I live for truth, I die for truth, and I have nothing of my own but truth. "

April 8th air crash

At two or three o'clock in the afternoon of April 8, 1946, someone in Xingxian County, Shanxi Province heard a huge roar of airplanes. Then they saw a plane flying low down a big ditch at the foot of Heicha mountain. It was very close to the ground. It seemed that it was flying close to the top of a tree, and then it was flying

Chinese PinYin : Wang Ruo Fei