Xie Juezai

Xie Juezai

Xie Jueya (April 27, 1884 - June 15, 1971), a native of Ningxiang, Hunan Province, joined the Communist Party of China in 1925. He is an outstanding member of the Communist Party of China, one of the "five elders of Yan'an", one of the "four elders of the long march", one of the founders of the judicial system of new China, a famous jurist and educator, an outstanding social activist, a forerunner of the legal circle, and a founder of the people's judicial system.

He once served as Minister of the Interior Department of the Central People's government, President of the Supreme People's court, vice chairman of the National Committee of the Chinese people's Political Consultative Conference, etc.

Life of the characters

In 1884, Comrade Xie Juezai was born. In his early years, he taught in the first normal school of Hunan Province. From 1918 to 1919, influenced by progressive thought, he took an active part in the May 4th Movement and founded Ningxiang xunjiao. In August 1920, he was the chief editor of Hunan popular newspaper. He joined the Xinmin society founded by Mao Zedong in January 1921. He joined the Chinese Kuomintang in 1923. He joined the Communist Party of China in 1925. At the beginning of 1926, he was the chief editor of Hunan semimonthly, the publication of the Communist Party of China. In the summer of the same year, he served as Hunan daily and chief editor of Hunan min Bao. At the second party congress of the Kuomintang in Hunan Province held in the same year, he was elected executive member of the provincial Party department and Minister of the Ministry of workers. In 1927, he organized a party school in the name of the provincial Party Department of the Kuomintang and became the president. In March 1928, he went to Shanghai to edit the publication of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China red flag. In 1930, he was responsible for the organization and leadership of Shanghai Daily, which was founded by the CPC Central Committee. In the autumn of 1931, he entered the revolutionary base of Western Hunan and Hubei, successively served as Secretary General of the provincial Party committee and vice minister of the Ministry of culture of Western Hunan and Hubei, and also edited the "workers and peasants daily". Later transferred to the provincial Party school education director. He entered the Central Soviet Area in 1933 and served as the Secretary of the Provisional Central Government of the Soviet Republic of China and Mao Zedong. In January 1934, he was secretary general and Minister of internal affairs of the central government of workers' and peasants' democracy, and Secretary of the general Party branch of the central government. He took part in the long march in October of the same year. After arriving in Northern Shaanxi in 1935, he served as minister and Secretary General of the Interior Department of the central government of workers and peasants. At the beginning of 1937, he was the Minister of justice and acting as the president of the Supreme Court and the chairman of the audit committee. After the July 7 Incident, he served as the representative of the Eighth Route Army Office of the CPC Central Committee in Lanzhou. He was vice president of the Party School of the CPC Central Committee in 1939. In 1940, he was Deputy Secretary of the Central Bureau of the Shaanxi Gansu Ningxia border region of the Communist Party of China, Secretary General of the Shaanxi Gansu Ningxia Border Region Government and Secretary of the party and League of the government. In 1942, he served as vice president of the Senate of the Shaanxi Gansu Ningxia border region. In June 1946, he served as chairman of the Research Committee on legal issues of the CPC Central Committee. He was a member of the North China People's government and Minister of justice in 1948. In September 1949, he attended the first plenary session of the Chinese people's Political Consultative Conference. since the founding of the people's Republic of China, he has successively held the posts of minister of internal affairs of the Central People's government, member of the Legal Affairs Committee of the Central People's government, member of the political and Legal Affairs Committee of the State Council, and vice president of the new law research Institute. In September 1956, he was elected as an alternate member of the CPC Central Committee at the Eighth National Congress of the CPC. In April 1959, he served as president of the Supreme People's court. He served as vice chairman of the CPPCC National Committee from December 1964 to 1971. In May 1966, he became a member of the CPC Central Committee at the 11th plenary session of the 8th CPC Central Committee. On June 15, 1971, Comrade Xie Juezai died of illness in Beijing.

Character contribution

In November 1945, according to the decision of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, the Constitution Research Association was established in the border region government, with Xie Juezai as the person in charge. He first organized and criticized the "May 5 constitution" drafted by the Kuomintang government, and at the same time began to draft the new democratic constitution. In the outline of the revolutionary draft constitution, he made clear provisions on the future state system, political system, people's democratic rights and electoral system. In June 1946, with the approval of the Secretariat of the CPC Central Committee, the Central Research Committee on legal issues was established on the basis of the Constitution Research Association, with Xie Juezai as its chairman. On behalf of the central Law Research Association, he wrote a letter to Mao Zedong, in which he said: "we pledge to do a good job in legislation to meet the victory of the great liberation of China under your command." He also put forward a series of important legal viewpoints, firmly and clearly pointed out: "China should have its own legislative principles. Seeking truth from facts and proceeding from reality, we should formulate laws with Chinese characteristics. " He believes that "reasonable is a good law." On November 28, 1946, the first law research society in the history of Chinese revolution completed the first new revolutionary draft constitution of China, namely the draft constitution of the Shaanxi Gansu Ningxia border region. At the same time, civil law, criminal law and land law were drafted. This is a great contribution to the Chinese people and the Chinese revolution. On March 7, 1947, according to the decision of the Central Committee, the LegCo withdrew from Yan'an and transferred to houganquan village, Linxian County, Shanxi Province. Here, in order to meet the liberation of the whole country, the first draft constitution and several other draft laws of new China were drafted in the face of enemy bombing. He demanded that "the new law should not only break through the old scope of content, but also not be constrained by the old form, so that the broad masses of people can understand it.". On October 22 of that year, Xie Juezai, with these drafts, crossed the Yellow River westward and returned to northern Shaanxi to report to the Party Central Committee. At the temporary residence of the Central Committee on Baiyun Mountain in Jiaxian County, Xie discussed the Constitution and several draft laws with Mao Zedong, Zhou Enlai, Ren Bishi and other central leaders. Thus, it made necessary legislative preparation for the founding of new China. In August 1948, the North China People's government was established. Xie Juezai served as a member of the government and Minister of justice. The first thing he did when he took office was to set up a judicial training class to train the first batch of judicial cadres for new China. He insisted on writing the lecture outline himself and lecturing for three hours every day. On the eve of the founding of the people's Republic of China, after taking over Peking, the former Chaoyang University was changed into China University of political science and law. Xie Lao was also the president of the first university of political science and law in New China, training a large number of judicial cadres for the whole country. In March 1959, Xie Juezai was elected president of the Supreme People's court. After he took office, he first proposed to change the problem of low quality of handling cases. He stressed that the normal trial system of the court should be restored, and the cases should be handled more accurately, more carefully and more steadfastly, so as not to be vertical, broad, leaky and good. In order to deal with these cases in person, the people's courts in all parts of the country not only need to find out the typical cases, but also need to find out the proper tools to deal with them.

Character works

His main works are collected in Xie Juezai's anthology.

Family situation

Wife: Wang Dingguo

Character evaluation

In the long march of the Red Army, most of the young people were full of vigor and vitality. But in this young red team, there is a special group - "the four elders of the long march". They are four famous veteran comrades in the Red Army: Xu Teli, Xie Jueya, Lin Boqu and Dong Biwu. During the Long March, they set an example everywhere, shared weal and woe with the officers and soldiers, and greatly encouraged the young Red Army soldiers. Together with thousands of Red Army soldiers, they overcame the suffering of hunger and disease with firm will and no fear of hardship under the encirclement and pursuit of the enemy's heavy troops. They walked through thousands of rivers and mountains, through snow mountains and grasslands, and successfully arrived at the Shaanxi Gansu base area. (source: Xinhua News Agency) Xie Juezai is not only an important founder of the revolutionary judicial system, but also a good judge who enforces the law impartially. In the earliest period of the Central Soviet Area, he took part in the formulation of the first electoral law, land law, labor law, marriage regulations, tax regulations, regulations on punishing counter revolutionaries, regulations on punishing embezzlers and so on, which played an important role in consolidating and developing the revolutionary base areas, and also took the first step in China's legislative work . At the first Congress of the Chinese Soviet, he was elected as a member of the central executive committee, and concurrently served as the Attorney General of the central government for Industry and agriculture, the acting Minister of the Ministry of internal affairs, and the president of the Supreme Court. He also created practical experience for China's revolutionary judicial work and judicial work, and set an example for law enforcement. Xie Juezai, one of the "five elders", is a proletarian revolutionist, politician and highly respected social activist of the older generation of the Communist Party of China. During the revolutionary war, he was engaged in party and government, united front, judicial and news work, and made immortal contributions to the party and the people. After the founding of the people's Republic of China, it has made great contributions to the party's construction, the establishment and improvement of the people's democratic system, social welfare and united front work. He was an outstanding news fighter in the early days of the Communist Party of China. In his later years, he served as the vice chairman of the Chinese people's Political Consultative Conference and continued to devote himself to the United Front work. All his life, Xie Juezai was honest and honest, hardworking and simple, seeking truth from facts, and willing to be a public servant of the people. He is a model of honesty and seeking truth from facts. Throughout his life, Xie Juezai has been a good public servant and judge of the people. We should learn from his spirit and make great contributions to the construction of socialism with Chinese characteristics and the reform and opening up.

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