Emperor Gaozong of Tang Dynasty

Li Zhi

Li Zhi, Emperor Gaozong of Tang Dynasty

From July 21, 628 to December 27, 683, the third emperor of the Tang Dynasty (from July 15, 649 to December 27, 683), the ninth son of Li Shimin, Emperor Taizong of the Tang Dynasty, whose mother is the eldest grandson of wendeshun, and Li Chengqian, Prince of the Tang Dynasty, and Li Tai, king of the Wei Dynasty.

In June of the second year of Zhenguan (628), Li Zhi was born in the main hall of the eastern palace. In the fifth year of Zhenguan (631), he became the king of Jin Dynasty. Later, Li Chengqian and Li Tai, the second son of Wei Dynasty, were abolished one after another. In the 17th year of Zhenguan (643), he was named the crown prince. In the 23rd year of Zhenguan (649), Emperor Taizong died, and Prince Lizhi ascended the throne for Emperor Gaozong.

At the beginning of Tang Gaozong's accession to the throne, he continued to implement various political and economic systems formulated by Taizong, and Li Ji, Chang sun Wuji and Chu suiliang jointly assisted the administration. Because he was diligent in politics, he was known as "the rule of Yonghui". Gaozong also insisted on the issue of abolishing the empress and ruled out the interference of the Yuan school. After the fifth year of Xianqing (660), Gaozong was often dizzy, which affected the handling of government affairs. Empress Wu took the opportunity to take part in national affairs. The health of Emperor Gaozong was not good, and the trend of regime transferring from Emperor Gaozong to Empress Wu was gradually formed. During the reign of Emperor Gaozong of Tang Dynasty, he successively destroyed Western Turks (657), Baiji (660) and Koguryo (668). During the reign of Emperor Gaozong, the territory of the Tang Dynasty was the largest, with the Korean Peninsula in the East, the Aral Sea in the west, Lake Baikal in the north and central Vietnam in the south. It lasted for 32 years.

In the first year of Hongdao (683), Emperor Gaozong of Tang Dynasty died in Zhenguan hall. At the age of 56, he was buried in Qianling. The temple is called Emperor Gaozong and the posthumous title is emperor Tianhuang. Tianbao eight years (749 years) increased posthumous title for the emperor sage, Tianbao thirteen years (754 years), and then increased posthumous title for the emperor sage dahongxiao.

Life of the characters

Ren Xiao Li Chu

In June 628, the second year of Zhenguan, Li Zhi was born in the main hall of the East Palace of Chang'an. In 631, he was granted the title of king of Jin. In the seventh year of Zhenguan (633), he accepted the post of governor of Bingzhou.

Li Zhi was young and intelligent, dignified and serene, generous and kind, and a harmonious brother. At the beginning, Xiao Deyan, the author of the book of filial piety, asked Tang Taizong, "what do you think is the most important in the book of filial piety?" Li Zhi replied, "filial piety is the most important thing. When you are young, you serve your parents. When you grow up, you serve the king. Finally, you can cultivate your character. When a gentleman serves the emperor, he goes to the temple and wants to be loyal to his country. When he retreats to his home, he thinks that he is admonishing the emperor for his fault and correcting his evil. " Emperor Taizong was overjoyed and said, "if you act in this way, you will be able to serve your father and brother well and be a good minister." In June of the tenth year of Zhenguan (636), empress Wende's eldest sun passed away. Li Zhi, the king of Jin, was only nine years old. His grief and yearning moved people around him. Emperor Taizong of Tang Dynasty comforted him many times, and he was especially loved from then on. Soon he was appointed as the commander of Youwu marquis.

In the late years of Emperor Taizong of Tang Dynasty, because he favored the fourth son, Li Tai, the king of Wei, Prince Li Chengqian competed with the king of Wei for the throne. In the 17th year of Zhenguan (643), Li Chengqian colluded with Li Yuanchang, the king of Han Dynasty, Du he, the son-in-law of Princess Chengyang, Hou Junji and others, and planned to force the Palace first. As a result, the matter came to light and Li Chengqian was deposed. Emperor Taizong of the Tang Dynasty planned to establish his fourth son Li Tai as his prince. Li Tai Xu said that he would pass the throne to his younger brother Li Zhi in the future. Li Tai threatened Li Zhi, who had a good relationship with Li Yuanchang, the king of the Han Dynasty. Li Zhi told Li Shimin about the incident, and Li Chengqian, who was deposed, admitted that his rebellion was due to Li Tai's plot for the crown prince. So Li Shimin made up his mind to take Li Zhi to Liangyi hall, and in front of such important officials as changsun Wuji, Fang Xuanling and Li Ji, he wanted to commit suicide because of the contention between his sons and brothers. Chang sun Wuji and others came forward to obstruct, saying that Li Zhi, king of Jin, could be established as the crown prince. On April 7 of the same year, Emperor Taizong personally drove through the gate of heaven and ordered Li Zhi to be the crown prince. Every time Emperor Taizong went to court, he often asked Li Zhi to watch him decide all kinds of government affairs. Sometimes he was asked to participate in the discussion. Emperor Taizong praised his talent many times.

In 644, Emperor Taizong of Tang Dynasty attacked Koguryo and ordered Li Zhi to stay in Dingzhou. After Emperor Taizong of the Tang Dynasty basically determined the date of sending troops, Li Zhi looked sad and cried all day. Therefore, he asked Pegasus of the post station to pass on the seal of his life, work and daily life, and to pass on the report of the border situation. Emperor Taizong of the Tang Dynasty agreed. Let's start from now on. After the victory of Emperor Taizong, Li Zhi followed him to Bingzhou. At that time, Emperor Taizong of the Tang Dynasty had a big sore. Li Zhi himself took drugs by mouth and followed him on foot for many days with his chariot.

At the beginning of his accession to the throne

On May 26, the 23rd year of Zhenguan (649), Emperor Taizong of Tang Dynasty died in Cuiwei palace in Zhongnanshan. On the 27th, Yu Zhining, the Minister of rites, the prince Shaoshi, and the Duke of Liyang County, served as the Minister of rites. Prince shaozhan Shi and the minister Zuo Cheng Zhang Xing served as the Minister of rites, the Minister of justice, the Minister of justice, the Minister of justice, the minister of justice, the Minister of justice, the Minister of justice, the Minister of justice, the Minister of justice, the Minister of justice, the Minister of justice, the Minister of rites. On the 28th, Li Zhi returned to Beijing.

On June 1, Emperor Gaozong was 22 years old. On June 10, his uncle situ and the eldest sun Wuji of the Duke of Zhao were ordered to serve as the commander and inspector of the Imperial Academy. Li Ji, the Duke of England, was appointed as the third division of Kaifu Yitong. They are the assistant ministers. On July 3, the relevant departments requested to change Zhishu Shiyu Shi to yushizhongcheng, Zhuzhou Zhizhong to Sima, Biejia to Changshi, zhililang to fenglilang, so as to avoid the taboo of Emperor Gaozong of Tang Dynasty. Emperor Gaozong didn't agree because he didn't avoid the word "Shimin" in Zhenguan. The Yamen said: "the two names of the former Emperor do not favor one taboo in the ritual system. Since the emperor is a single name, his subordinates should not be denounced. " Emperor Gaozong obeyed.

In August, there was an earthquake in Hedong, and Emperor Gaozong of the Tang Dynasty issued an edict to send envoys to express his sympathy and exempt local taxes for three years. In the same month, Kaifu Yitong San Si and British Gongli Ji were regarded as the three grades of Shangshu Zuo pushe and Tongzhong Shu. On August 18, Emperor Taizong of the Tang Dynasty was buried in Zhaoling. On September 12, Li Yuanjing, the former governor of Anzhou and Li Ke, the former king of Wu, was also appointed as the governor of Liangzhou. On the 24th, they were presented to Liang state's Fang Xuanling as Taiwei, Shen state's Gao Shilian as situ, and Jiang state's Qu Toutong as zuobushe.

On the sixth day of the first year of Yonghui (650), Gaozong established his wife Wang as the queen. On the seventh day, Li Zhong, the eldest son of Chen, was appointed as the herdsman of Yongzhou. In September, Gaokan captured the Turkic Chebi Khan, and Gaozong divided Chanyu and Hanhai into two prefectures.

In the first month of the second year of Yonghui (651), Helu, the West Turk, established himself as shaboleo Khan. In July, shahboluo Khan invaded Tingzhou, and Emperor Gaozong of Tang Dynasty sent Liang Jianfang to lead the army. In the fourth year of Yonghui (653), Fang Yiai, Princess Gaoyang, Princess baling, Xue wanche, Chai Lingwu and others conspired to establish King Li Yuanjing of Jingzhou as emperor. On February 3, Fang Yiai, Xue wanche and Chai Lingwu were all executed, while Li Yuanjing, baling and Gaoyang princesses were all given the right to commit suicide. Zuo Xiaowei's great general and an Guogong's failure to think hard sent them to Fuzhou to confiscate troops; Zhan Shi, the crown prince, and gongyuwen festival of Pingchang County sent them to Guizhou to confiscate troops. Li Ke, the king of Wu, Li daozong, the king of Jiangxia, and Li Min, the king of Shu, died or demoted for offending Chang sun Wuji and Chu suiliang. After this, the great threat to the throne of Emperor Gaozong of Tang Dynasty was eliminated.

Qian Gang is arbitrary

As early as Li Zhi was the crown prince, he had an affair with Wu family, a talented person of Taizong who was four years older than him. After the death of Taizong of Tang Dynasty, Wu family went to ganye temple to cut off his hair as a nun. In May of the first year of Yonghui (650), when Emperor Gaozong of the Tang Dynasty went to the ganye temple for pilgrimage on the anniversary of Emperor Taizong's death, he met Wu again. They met each other and told each other about their missing after parting.

In May of the second year of Yonghui (651), when Emperor Gaozong's filial piety was over, the Wu family entered the palace again. In the same year, Baiji invaded the border of Silla and annexed a large area of its territory. Jin famin, an envoy of Silla, implored Emperor Gaozong of Tang Dynasty to "order Baiji to return to the invaded city". So Emperor Gaozong ordered King Baiji to say, "I am the Lord of all nations, how can I not show mercy to you (Silla)! The city of Silla, which was also occupied by King Baiji, should be returned to his own country. " He was willing to release the people from the war If he did not comply, he would support Silla in a decisive battle with Baekje, "and he also ordered Koryo not to be rescued from afar. If Gao Li didn't accept her orders, she would send the Khitan tribes across Liaoze to plunder. Wang Ke thought deeply about what I said and asked for more happiness. "

In May of the third year of Yonghui (652), Wu Zetian was worshipped as the second grade Zhaoyi. When she entered the palace again, she knew the Queen's heart, so she bowed to the queen. Queen Wang constantly praised her in front of Gaozong, which deepened Gaozong's love for her and provided her with a step-by-step ladder. At the same time, the queen and Xiao Shufei were given a cold reception. Finally, Gaozong decided to abolish Wang Liwu and change the queen. He also knew that this was a big deal, so he consulted the ministers concerned in advance.

Chang sun Wuji is the uncle of Emperor Gaozong. Chu suiliang participated in many military and political decisions of Emperor Taizong, and was regarded as a "loyal" minister by Emperor Taizong. On his deathbed, Taizong entrusted his affairs to them and made it clear: "my son and daughter-in-law of Renxiao are entrusted to two Aiqing now. The prince has been benevolent and filial since he was young. You know all this. You must help him well! " At the same time, he said to Gaozong, "with changsun Wuji and Chu suiliang, you don't have to worry after you ascend the throne." Obviously, it is necessary to listen to the opinions of these two ministers. Gaozong went to changsun Wuji's house to show his attitude

Chinese PinYin : Tang Gao Zong