Hu zongnan

Hu zongnan

Hu zongnan (May 12, 1896 - February 14, 1962) was born in Zhenhai County, Ningbo City, Zhejiang Province (now Zhenhai District, Ningbo City, Zhejiang Province). He was a general of the army of the Republic of China.

Hu zongnan, a graduate of the first phase of Huangpu Military Academy, is known as "the first student of the emperor". He is the most favorite and important military general of Chiang Kai Shek. His whole life went through the establishment of Huangpu army, the eastern expedition, the northern expedition, the civil war, "suppression of the Communist Party" and the Anti Japanese war. Until 1947, he commanded the attack and occupied Yan'an, the capital of the Communist Party of China, moved to the northwest, and became the commander of the first war zone and the head of Xi'an appeasement office Ren became a second-class general with hundreds of thousands of soldiers in hand and commanding several regiments, and a famous "king of the northwest".

After the defeat in 1950, he went to Taiwan and commanded the coastal guerrilla forces in Dachen island. He has successively served as chairman of "Zhejiang provincial government" and strategic adviser of "presidential palace". He died of heart disease on February 14, 1962.

Life of the characters

Early experience

He was born in a poor family in Zhenhai, Zhejiang Province on May 12, 1896 (March 30 of the lunar calendar). When he was three years old, he moved with his father to heluxi, ten miles west of Xiaofeng County in Western Zhejiang Province.

In 1904, he studied in a private school, from "Three Character Classic" to "four books" and "Five Classics".

In 1909, he entered Xiaofeng County high school.

In 1912, he graduated second.

Wuxing was admitted to Huzhou public middle school in 1913. When I was in middle school, I got good grades in all subjects, especially in physical education and geography.

After graduating from high school in 1915, he was employed as a teacher of Chinese, history and geography in Xiaofeng County Primary School and private Wang's primary school.

In 1921, he used his summer vacation to travel around.

From 1922 to 1924, he was the general manager of Xiaofeng daily. Later, his father forced him to marry a woman who didn't love him because he failed to compete with his fellow teachers for the post of president, so he decided to run away from home.

Apply for Military Academy

In 1924, he went to Huzhou, Zhejiang Province to join the Ranger team and became the Jinlan brothers with Wang yaqiao. After the detachment was disbanded, Zhang Yun, a classmate who was doing bamboo business in Shanghai, got financial aid from his parents and went to Guangdong to apply for Huangpu Military Academy. Because he was less than 1.6 meters tall, he was eliminated during physical examination. Liao Zhongkai, the party representative of the military academy, authorized him to take the exam. He was admitted in April. He joined the school on May 5 and was assigned to the 4th unit of the 2nd brigade of the 1st issue. He officially started school on June 16 and met his "fellow townsman" Chiang Kai Shek here. In November, he joined the school After graduating from Huangpu Military Academy, Hu zongnan was assigned to teach the eighth second lieutenant of the Third Battalion of the first regiment in the military academy.

Formal military service

In February 1925, he was transferred to be the lieutenant platoon leader of the machine gun company; in March, he took part in the Mianhu battle of Chen Jiongming in the first eastern expedition; in April, he was promoted to be the captain of the machine gun company; in June, he took part in calming the rebellion of Yang Ximin and Liu Zhenhuan; in October, he took part in the hEPO battle of the second eastern expedition.

Take part in the Northern Expedition

In early 1926, he was promoted to be the commander of the 2nd Battalion of the 2nd Regiment (Hu gongmian was a communist) of the 1st Army (he Yingqin); in July, he recommended Dai Li to Chiang Kai Shek, and Hu zongnan was promoted to be the commander of the 2nd regiment of the 1st Army (Hu gongmian was a communist); in the same month, he took part in the Northern Expedition and served as the commander of the 1st division. In October, Hu zongnan used fire attack tactics in the suburbs of Nanchang, defeated sun Chuanfang, an elite division, and captured army commander Li Yanchun with the strength of one regiment; in November, his instructor was changed to the first division of the first army, which was subordinate to the East Route Army (he Yingqin) and marched into Zhejiang.

On March 20, 1927, he conquered Shanghai; in May, he became the first general of the Huangpu students of the Kuomintang; in August, he flew from Hangzhou to Nanjing to take part in the Longtan campaign; on October 26, Hu zongnan was promoted to the commander of the 22nd division of the 1st Army (Liu Zhi); in November, he destroyed the armored convoy of the Russian mercenaries of the Zhilu allied army. He took part in the second Northern Expedition in April 1928. In August, the 22nd division was downsized to the 2nd brigade of the 1st division and served as the brigade commander. In November, the division was awarded the "model brigade" for its outstanding training results in Chiang Kai Shek's review.

In April 1928, he took part in the second Northern Expedition and captured Bengbu at one stroke; on May 1, he entered Jinan and retreated to Qufu for training; in October, the 22nd division of the 1st army was reorganized into the 2nd brigade of the 1st Division (Liu Shi), and Hu zongnan served as the major general of the 2nd brigade; in November, Chiang Kai Shek personally visited Xuzhou to review the 1st division. The 2nd brigade was known as the "model brigade", and its 3rd regiment ranked first in the army.

In March 1929, when the war between Chiang Kai Shek and Guangxi broke out, Hu zongnan led the army to guard Wuhan. The second brigade was changed into the first brigade, and Hu zongnan was still the brigade commander. In May 1930, he took part in the Central Plains war and fought against the anti Chiang troops near Kaifeng, Henan Province. On June 7, Hu zongnan served as the acting division commander of the first division and attacked the sun Liangcheng division of the northwest army along Longhai Road.

In 1930, he led his troops to participate in the Chiang Feng Yan war, and after the war, he served as the commander of the first division.

On January 13, 1931, Hu zongnan was promoted to the rank of lieutenant general and division commander of the first division, and began to establish his own military system, forming the Huangpu "youth group"; in July, he took part in the crusade against Shi Yousan.

Encircle and suppress the Red Army

In March 1932, Hu zongnan, he Zhonghan, Dai Li, Kangze and others participated in the organization of "Lixing society" and "Fuxing society". Hu zongnan ranked first among Chiang Kai Shek's "Thirteen Taibao" and boasted of being the "crown prince" of Huangpu. In May, Hu zongnan took part in the "encirclement" of the Fourth Front Army of the Red Army in the Dabie Mountains. When the Red Army was dispersed, Hu zongnan intercepted and surrounded the 10th and 12th divisions of the Red Army to the east of Hekou town In June, when the Fourth Front Army of the Red Army broke through to the northwest, Hu zongnan and other hundreds of thousands of troops chased and intercepted, and together with Yang Hucheng, they compressed the Red Army in Manchuan pass. After several battles, Xu Qianqian and Xu Shiyou stood out, and soon led the first division into Gannan for defense.

In February 1935, he served as commander of the second column of the third route of "suppressing bandits"; on April 9, he served as Lieutenant General of the army; in June, he actively participated in the interception and siege of the Long March Red Army, and was almost captured alive in Songpan, with more than half of the casualties; in September, he served as commander of the second column of the first route army of "suppressing bandits in Northwest China", blocking the Red Army in Northwest Sichuan; on November 22, he was elected as the fifth central supervisory committee of the Kuomintang, marking the beginning of Huangpu's influence He began to enter the central decision-making organs.

On April 21, 1936, the Executive Yuan appointed Hu zongnan as the commander of the first army and division commander of the first division to attack the Red Army in Northern Shaanxi. Peng Dehuai led the Red Army to attack and defeat Hu zongnan. On December 12, the "Xi'an Incident" broke out. Hu zongnan was near Huianbao, Shaanxi Province. When he learned that Chiang Kai Shek had been detained, he immediately rushed to Tianshui to support Dai Li to go to Xi'an to rescue Chiang Kai Shek.

Counter-Japanese War

In February 1937, the first army went to Fengxiang, Shaanxi Province. Under the command of Gu Zhutong, it exerted military pressure on Xi'an. On April 24, it resigned as the commander of the first division. On July 7, the Anti Japanese war broke out. On September 2, Hu zongnan led his troops to take part in the battle of Songhu. On 13, he was promoted to head of the 17th corps, and was the first Corps head among Huangpu students. Due to the rush of the 1st corps, the troops who took part in the battle twice suffered great losses. On November 6, the 17th Corps withdrew from the battle and returned to Guanzhong in December.

On May 12, 1938, he resigned as the commander of the 1st army and took part in the battle of Kaifeng. The headquarters attacked the periphery of Lanfeng and cleared the way to the city, but the 14th division of tufeiyuan still broke through. On June 18, he also served as the commander of the 27th army. On September 1, Hu zongnan resigned as the commander of the 27th army and supported the battle of Wuhan and occupied Xinyang Withdraw to Xi'an.

On January 14, 1939, he served as deputy commander-in-chief of the 34th group army; on August 4, he served as commander-in-chief of the 34th group army, becoming the first commander-in-chief of the Huangpu students' group army; in December, Hu zongnan, under the command of Chiang Kai Shek, assembled his troops to attack Yan'an.

In January 1940, Chiang Kai Shek set off the first anti Communist climax. Hu zongnan was ordered, with the cooperation of the air force, to invade the Shaanxi Gansu Ningxia border region in depth, encroaching on the five counties, and openly chanting the slogan of "exterminating the border region". The blockade was tight, and a 700 mile long blockade line composed of blockhouses and fortifications was constructed.

On July 23, 1942, Hu zongnan was promoted to deputy commander of the 8th theater (Zhu Shaoliang) and commander-in-chief of the 34th group army. He controlled the real power of the 8th theater, stationed troops in the northwest, blockaded and invaded the Shaanxi Gansu Ningxia border region, and was known as the "king of the Northwest".

In July 1943, Hu zongnan conspired to raid Yan'an, but was exposed by Xiong Xianghui, Hu zongnan's confidential secretary and underground Party member.

In April 1944, Hu zongnan was appointed as the deputy commander of the first theater of war. Because he didn't agree with the commander Chen Cheng, he said he was ill and went to Huashan to recuperate. In May, Tu feiyuan, the Japanese aggressor, mobilized 120000 troops to attack the Central Plains suddenly, and the garrison lost several cities. Tu feiyuan led his troops to the west, such as entering a no man's land. On June 13, the Chinese and American air forces bombed the enemy in western Henan, and Hu zongnan made a fierce counterattack and won. On August 17, he was appointed He was appointed deputy commander of the first theater and clashed with Chen Cheng several times. In September, he was airlifted to Guilin and Chongqing. On December 19, he was appointed deputy commander of the first theater.

On January 12, 1945, he assumed the post of acting commander, which has jurisdiction over four group armies, 16 armies, 42 divisions and five special corps, with a total of 450000 people. In May, he was elected executive member of the Sixth Central Committee of the Kuomintang. On July 31, he was officially appointed commander of the first theater, becoming the only commander of the Huangpu department. On August 21, he was appointed principal of Luoyang, Zhengzhou, Kaifeng and Xinxiang On September 22, he accepted the surrender of yingsenxiao, commander of the 12th Japanese legion, in Zhengzhou, with a total of more than 60000 people; on October 3, he was appointed as general of the army, and was now the headquarters of the 1st theater

Chinese PinYin : Hu Zong Nan