Xu Fu
Xu Fu
Xu Fu (the year of birth and death is unknown), whose name is city, and whose name is Junfang, is Langya in the state of Qi (now Huangdao District, Qingdao City, Shandong Province, is Ganyu District, Lianyungang City, Jiangsu Province). The famous alchemist of Qin Dynasty. At the time of the first emperor of Qin Dynasty, it was written that there were three God mountains in the sea, named Penglai, abbot and Yingzhou, where immortals lived. The first emperor sent thousands of men and women into the sea to seek immortality, but did not return. Today, there is Xu Fu's tomb.
Life of the characters
There are three immortals living in Shangzhou, Xuying and Penglai. So the first emperor of Qin sent Xu Fu to lead thousands of boys and girls, as well as the grain, clothing, medicine and farming tools that had been prepared for three years, to take the mirage to seek immortality, which cost a lot of money. However, Xu Shi led the people to go out to sea for several years and did not find the holy mountain. Xu Fu left his descendants in Laoshan, the local mountain. The descendants changed their surnames to Lao or Lao.
In 210 B.C., Xu Fu led the people to the sea again and came to Guangze plain. He felt the local climate was warm, the scenery was beautiful, and the people were friendly. He stopped to become king and taught the local people farming, fishing, whaling, and tipping paper. Since then, he never returned to China. There is also a mainstream saying that Xu Fu died in the sea.
Family history
domestic
According to the research of Oracle Bone Inscriptions and inscriptions on bronze, there are records about Xu state in oracle bone inscriptions, which can prove that Xu state existed as early as the Yin Dynasty. After the death of Xu, his descendants took the state as their surname. The records in Xu's genealogy are consistent with Zuozhuan, Hanshu and Houhanshu, which shows that Xu Fu is a descendant of the state of Xu. He comes from the SHAOHAO family of Dongyi, and has the same surname of Lei (and Yingtong) as Qin and Zhao. Xu is his surname.
Xu Fu's family background has not been recorded in official history. However, the genealogical works of the Han Dynasty and the genealogical materials of the alchemists in the Tang and Song Dynasties provide historical materials for the study of Xu Fu's family.
Many modern scholars have studied Xu Fu's family background. For example, Xu Ziming and Xu Yuetang, the clan association of Xu family in Taiwan, wrote Xu's large scale genealogy, and Luo Qixiang, Xuzhou Normal University, wrote Jiangxi genealogy<
Caoping · Xu's genealogy
>On the basis of ancient genealogical materials, Chu Kao and misheng's Hongqiao have researched a large number of modern genealogical materials and made a systematic exposition of Xu Fu's family history.
Professor Xu Ziming of Taiwan University (1915) won the doctor of philosophy of literature of the United States and Germany. After returning to China, he became a professor of National Peking University. Since 1900, he has studied Xu's genealogy, compared with Wei tingsheng, a professor of Yanjing University at that time, and conducted in-depth research on the origin and development of Xu's family. Since 1958, he has been following Professor Xu Ziming to study history and clan studies, and he has raised money to set up the compilation Museum of Xu's major Genealogy (Xu's major genealogy) for two generations. After more than 80 years of textual research and three years of compilation, Xu's major genealogy was published.
According to Mr. Xu Yuetang's textual research, there are many ancient Xu's genealogies and genealogies recording Xu Fu's family history. For example:
Xu Pu of Nanzhou. During the Three Kingdoms period (220-280), Xu Shu, a minister of Cao Wei (now from Yuzhou, Henan Province), compiled the book "Xu Pu of Nanzhou", saying: "Xu Zhi, a senior scholar of Nanzhou, was born in Donghai. At the end of the Warring States period, his ancestor, the Duke, was ordered by his ancestors to stay in Nanzhou, never became an official, cultivated his family, indifferent to fame and wealth, and lived on his own." He also said, "Duke Xu is the grandson of King Xu Yan. Zhong gave birth to two sons, long taboo long, followed by Yan, Yan is still also. Chang Sheng Meng and Meng Sheng consult Fu (city). Fu led his ancestors to Zuzhou (today's Japan) in the East China Sea, but he still knew that Fu was against the general. So he ordered his great grandson to live in seclusion in Hongdu (today's Nanchang), so he couldn't avoid it. He ordered his son Jian to live in seclusion in Nanzhou. Since then, he has lived in Nanzhou for eight generations Xu MaoGong's genealogy. Xu MaoGong's genealogy compiled by Xu MaoGong in the Tang Dynasty says: "Xu Fu, also known as Xu Shi or Xi, has a genealogical name of Xu Yi. His father taboo fierce, his grandfather taboo long, his grandfather taboo Yan (i.e. Shang), his great grandfather taboo Zhong, and his great grandfather taboo Shen (i.e. Jin Wenmi). Fu's elder brother taboo spectrum, blessing rate Zhen men and women each 3000 people into the East China Sea Zuzhou. He lived in Langxie. Today, the Xu family of Shandong is the descendant of Xu Xun, the 29th grandson of King Xu Yan. Xu Fu's party went to Zuzhou in the East China Sea and never returned. Xu Jia and Xu Fu's great grandfather, Yan (i.e., Shang) knew that Fu was the opposite. They went to the East China Sea to stop the king (Qin Shihuang) from coming. In order to avoid the disaster of Qin Shihuang's extermination, they ordered their grandson to live in Hongdu (i.e., Nanchang today) and lived in Nanzhou ever since.
Xu MaoGong, the 17th grandson of Xu Zhi and the 53rd grandson of King Xu Yan, was transferred to Caozhou, Shandong Province. He was the founder of the Tang Dynasty. He was granted the title of Duke of England. He had two sons. He was also taboo about dedication and respect. He lived 93 years old. He was buried at the foot of Taibai Mountain in Chang'an and built Xu MaoGong temple.
Xu's family genealogy describes the origin and development of Xu's family in detail: "Xu's family, viscount, surname Ying, also after gaotao. Gao Tao gave birth to Bo Yi, who passed on Yu's meritorious service and granted his son Ruomu Xu. In Xucheng County, 30 li away, there is Xucheng (now in the north of Huisi county) in Sizhou. From Ruomu to the 32nd birthday of King Yan, it was destroyed by Zhou Dynasty. Zhou also granted his son the title of Xuzi, who lived in Lu Zhaogong for 30 years, the 11th sun Zhangyu (Yu), and was destroyed by Wu. The descendants took the state as their surname. It is also one of the fourteen surnames of the Ying family. "
The history of Xu's prosperity described in Xu's taizongpu is consistent with Wei tingsheng's new research on the founding of Japan by Shenwu (mentioned earlier). According to Mr. Xu Yuetang's textual research, the reason why the name of Xu's general hall is "Donghai hall" or "Donghai County". Because Xu "comes from the East China Sea and goes to the East China Sea.". The so-called "coming from the East China Sea" refers to that the whole world (both at home and abroad) of Xu family originated in the East China Sea, so it is called "Zeyan East China Sea" (that is, the East China Sea of Jiangsu Province and Ganyu). The so-called "going to the East China Sea" means that after Xu lost his country, he crossed the Yellow River Estuary (now Funing of Jiangsu Province, now called the old Yellow River estuary) and went to the Zhoushan Islands (formerly known as Wengzhou) to live in seclusion Xu Wang's birthday was missed on the 7th, so he took Donghai as his "hall name".
In the 1980s, Professor Luo Qixiang researched Caoping Xu's genealogy, Qiuyuan Xu's genealogy, Longxi Xu's genealogy and xujialong Xu's genealogy in Linchuan, Nanfeng, Nancheng and Jiujiang of Jiangxi Province. He believed that there were two records about Xu Fu's family in Caoping Xu's genealogy, which was the first discovery in Mainland China. First, it is recorded in the history of Xu's family that "the surname of Shou Zu is taboo. Because the first emperor traveled on the sea, he wrote. Second, in the preface to Xu's genealogy written by Wei Minhong in 1389 of Hongwu's Wuchen year in the early Ming Dynasty, it is recorded that "from Shi Gong to Xia Zhuan..."
Xu's genealogy in Jiangxi Province also has clear records of Xu's lineage. "Xu's lineage originated from Zhuanxu, followed by Ying's family name. In Tang Dynasty, it was Boyi, and later it was granted to Xu. The descendants then lived in Donghai County, because they took Xu as their surname. (preface to Xu's genealogy in Caoping)
"The Xu family of Yueji started from Zhuanxu and lasted for five generations to Boyi. Shun gave Boyi the surname Ying. Both Qin and Zhao are of Miao nationality. Fubo is as healthy as a tree. He was granted the title of marquis Xu in Xia Dynasty. His place is Xuzhou, where Yugong lived. His descendants took Xu as their surname (preface to Xu's continuation of genealogy in Qiuyuan, Nanfeng).
Luo's textual research on various versions of Xu's family records and the comparative analysis of Wei tingsheng's textual research show that there are many similarities: "first, Xu's family came from Zhuanxu; second, he was granted the Ying surname; third, Xia was granted to Xu; fourth, his descendants scattered among donghaijun, Yugong city of Xuzhou, or Jiang, Huai, Si, Ji."
Among the earliest records of Xu Fu in Chinese genealogy, Wang Seng Ru (465-522 AD), the genealogical officer of the Tianjian reign of emperor Liang Wu of the Southern Dynasty, wrote a hundred genealogies. The article said: "Yi, the word Yan Fu, also known as the city. Penglai, the envoy of the first emperor of Qin, lives in the East China Sea. " Wang Seng ru "Donghai tanren". Tan is located in the north of Tancheng County, Shandong Province, and is close to Ganyu County. To the East, it is only 50 kilometers away from Xufu village, Xu Fu's hometown. (a preliminary study of Xu's genealogy in Jiangxi Province by Luo Qixiang)
Professor Wei tingsheng's research on Xu Fu's entry into the founding of Japan has been included in the genealogy table before Xu Wang's birthday and genealogy table from Xu Wang's birthday to Xu Fu compiled according to Xu Shidong's genealogy of King Xu Yan in the Qing Dynasty, the genealogy of the Six Dynasties since Tang and song dynasties.
Japan
There is no record of Xu Fu's family background in the official official histories of Japan, such as the records of ancient events, the records of Japanese books, and the records of shenhuang Zhengtong. The ancient Fuji text (also known as "Xu Fu Gu Wen Chang") collected by Mr. Miyagi Yixiao in Fuji Yoshida City, Yamanashi county is quite detailed about Xu Fu's family history.
In October 2003, I had the honor to visit Mr. Miyagi (74 years old) in Yoshida City, Fuji, and have a look at the treasure of the Miyagi people - "Miyagi Fuji ancient books". Mr. Miyagi said: "it is said that the ancient Fuji script was completed 800 years ago. The original articles are gone, and the existing ones are rewritten for the ancestors under the palace. " The book has more than 200000 words, all written in Chinese characters with a brush on rice paper. Because in Japan, it is the only one. The Miyagi family regards it as a treasure and keeps it carefully. The author is from Xu Fu's hometown, vice president of China Xu Fu Association, and a friend of the president of the palace. Because there is no time to take a close look (be very careful when reading, otherwise the page will be broken), only part of the photos are taken, which is a great pity.
Mr. Miyagi said that Japan's badian has invested a huge amount of money to publish 300 copies of "Miyagi Fuji ancient books", which is called "shenzhuan Fuji ancient documents". Each set of 7 volumes (540 pages, 16K in size) is priced at 140000 yen (more than 10000 yuan).
It's a narrative that includes“
Xu Fudu
”It's the oldest Japanese classics in the history of the age of Maison. According to this, Miyano Xiaoyu researched Xu Fu's family background in Japan.
According to the writings of Qin Fushou, the grandson of Xu Fu VII, when the seventh filial emperor of Japan, Xu Fu came to the Japanese archipelago and successively arrived at Zizhu (Kyushu), Nandao (Shiguo) and buershan (Fuji). Xu Fu changed seven sons into Japanese
Chinese PinYin : Xu Fu
Xu Fu
