Yuan Xiu

Yuan Xiu

Emperor Xiaowu of the Northern Wei Dynasty, Yuan Xiu (510-535), was born in Luoyang, Henan Province, of Xianbei nationality. The last emperor of the Northern Wei Dynasty, the grandson of Emperor Xiaowen and Emperor Yuanhong, was the third son of Yuanhuai, King Wu Mu of Guangping.

He is erudite, fond of martial arts, calm and heavy. At the beginning, he was granted Ruyang County official, worshipping Tongzhi San Qi Shi Lang and Zhongshu Shi Lang. After emperor Xiaozhuang ascended the throne, he was transferred to taichangqing and zongzhengqing, and was canonized as king Pingyang. In the early years of Putai, Emperor Jiemin paid homage to Shizhong, Zhendong general, Yitong San Si and Zuopu she. In the second year of Zhongxing (532), with the support of General Gao Huan, he ascended to the throne as emperor and was named Taichang.

In the third year of Yongxi (534), dissatisfied with Gaohuan's dictatorship, he moved his capital to Chang'an and defected to yuwentai, the great Xingtai in Guanzhong. December (February 535), killed by Prime Minister Yu Wentai, was only 26 years old and buried in Yunling. In the Western Wei Dynasty, the posthumous title was Emperor Xiaowu, while in the Eastern Wei Dynasty, the posthumous title was Emperor Chu.

Life of the characters

Early experience

Emperor Xiaowu yuanxiu is the grandson of Emperor Xiaowen Yuanhong in the Northern Wei Dynasty. He is the third son of Yuanhuai, King Wu Mu of Guangping. His mother is Li. It is said that when Emperor Xiaowu yuanxiu was born, there were scale inscriptions everywhere.

In his childhood, Yuan Xiu was erudite, fond of martial arts, calm and heavy. At the beginning of Yuan Xiu, he was granted Ruyang County official, Ren Tongzhi Sanqi Shilang and Zhongshu Shilang. During Emperor Xiaozhuang's reign of Jianyi, he served as a general of Pingdong and taichangqing, and later as a general of Zhendong and zongzhengqing. In 530, Emperor Xiaozhuang was granted the title of King Pingyang. In the early years of gongputai, the emperor of Jiemin, he was transferred to Shizhong, Zhendong general, Yitong third division, and served as the right servant of Shangshu.

In June of the first year of Putai (531), Gaohuan, the governor of Jinzhou, fought against Erzhu in Xindu. The next year, he approached Luoyang and the political situation was turbulent. Most of the royal kings of the Northern Wei Dynasty escaped separately. Yuan Xiu fled the people and became a rural farmer.

Ascend to the throne as Emperor

In 532, Gao Huan defeated Er Zhu. On April 18, Emperor Yuangong of Jiemin, who was supported by Er Zhu, was deposed. On the same day, Emperor Yuanlong, who was established before Gao Huan, abdicated on the ground that he was a distant royal family. Gao Huan wanted to establish Yuanyue, the son of Emperor Xiaowen in the Northern Wei Dynasty and king of Runan, as emperor. Because he could not serve the public, he had to retire and chose yuanxiu. Hu Sichun came to yuanxiu from Wang Sizheng, a confidant friend of yuanxiu. Yuanxiu said, "this is not betraying me, is it?" Gao Huan came to Chen Cheng in person and wept. Yuanxiu just entered Beijing. On April 25 (June 13), which is outside the Dongguo of Luoyang, Xianbei ancient system (the old system of Daidu) was adopted in the ceremony. Seven people, including Gao Huan, were covered with black felt. Yuan Xiu worshipped heaven on the felt and then entered the city.

After Yuan Xiu ascended the throne, he married Gao Huan's eldest daughter, and the couple had no feelings for each other. Yuan Xiu lived in love with his three cousins and made them princesses. Among them, he likes the princess yuan Mingyue best. In the third year of Yongxi (534), yuanxiu broke with Gaohuan, and Gaohuan led his troops to the south of Jinyang.

Moving westward to Guanzhong

< sub > master data: < / sub > < sub > emperor Xiaowu moved to the West in the Northern Wei Dynasty

In the autumn of the third year of Yongxi (534), Emperor Xiaowu recruited the front-line governor, the confidant of the Imperial Army, Shizhong and Yitong Kaifu, and then led all the people in the capital to launch from the palace. From there, the famous examiners in the West are: imperial family Prince Taiwei, Nanyang king yuanbaoju, Qinghe king Yuanyu, Da Sima Guangling, Wang Yuanxin, and Guangyang king Yuanzhan, yuanxuan, Yuanfu, yuanpi, Yuanmao, Yuanshun, Yuanwei and his son, yuanmingyue, yuanzan, yuanzui, yuanjihai, Yuanchang, Yuanding, Yuanrong, yuanzixiao, yuanzhongjing, Yuanlie, yuanzhongxiantuo, Bahu and his son, Yuanjun and so on; official minister Shizhong, Yitong Kaifu, huschun, WangMeng, Dadu duyuanzigong, Taifu, lushangshu shichangsunzhi and so on, Among them, general Duguxin abandoned his family and ran to the Lord for thousands of miles. Emperor Xiaowu said that he knew loyal officials in troubled times. Among them, Wang yuanbaoju of Nanyang, Wang yuanyao of Qinghe and Wang yuanzhan of Guangyang spent five thousand horses in Fuxi to master the matter of moving the forbidden army to the west, and Salmonella Huizhen, a monk of Nanyang Wang bieshe, signed a seal to follow them.

At night, more than half of the people who moved to the West fled, and Wang Yuanqi of Qinghe and Wang yuanzhan of Guangyang fled to the East and returned to Gao Huan's tent. Gao Huan fled to the west of Yuan Xiu and soon entered Luoyang, where he lived in Yongning Temple. He sent the leader Lou Zhao and others to pursue yuan Xiu, Emperor Xiaowu, and asked him to return him to the East. The eldest grandson Yan was defeated in Shanzhou and left the city. Gao aocao led the cavalry to chase emperor Xiaowu yuanxiu all the way to Guanzhong, but they didn't catch up. In the process of emperor Xiaowu's westward migration, he was on his way for a long time, lacking food and clothing, and drinking water was also very difficult. After arriving at Hucheng (now the county seat of Wenxiang, Lingbao City, Henan Province), some villagers offered food to Emperor Xiaowu. When he arrived at housang (now Lingbao City, Henan Province), Mao Hongbin, the governor of Tongguan, offered wine and food to Emperor Xiaowu. Only those who moved westward with emperor Xiaowu had food and clothing. After emperor Xiaowu arrived in Chang'an, Yu Wentai, Wang Sizheng and other generals welcomed emperor Xiaowu's entourage, and Emperor Xiaowu just released Gao Huan.

Unfortunately, he was killed

On October 17 (November 8) in the third year of Yongxi reign (534), Gao Huan abandoned his imperial title and established yuan Shanjian as emperor. Ten days later, he moved his capital to Ye. On the 15th of December in the third year of Yongxi (534), Yu Wentai killed yuan Mingyue and Yuan Xiu on the grounds that yuan Xiuyin and his sister had hurt Daya, and made yuan Baoju emperor. From then on, the Northern Wei Dynasty was officially divided into the eastern and Western Wei.

After Yuan Xiu died, he was ordered by Yu Wentai to move to the thatched cottage Buddhist temple, and was formally buried more than ten years later. The posthumous title of the Western Wei Dynasty was Emperor Xiaowu. In the Eastern Wei Dynasty, his posthumous title was Chu di.

It is recorded in the fifth volume of northern history, the fifth volume of Wei Benji, and the twelfth volume of Zizhitongjian, the 156 volume of Liangji

Main achievements

After emperor Xiaowu yuan Xiu ascended the throne, because of his discord with Gao Huan, a powerful minister, he conspired to check the pass and go to Taiwan in order to hold him back. In the second year of Yongxi (533), Emperor Xiaowu secretly ordered he Bayue to get rid of Gao Huan, stabbed his flesh in front of his heart, took out some blood, sent messengers to him, and appointed him as the commander of the twenty military and Dadu in Guanxi. In the third year of Yongxi (534), he broke with Gao Huan. Gao Huan led his troops to the south of Jinyang, so emperor Xiaowu abandoned his country and fled. In July of the third year of Yongxi's reign (534), yuan xiuzhao returned his confidant Shizhong, Kaifu Yitong, and the Third Secretary Hu Sichun to the front-line governor of the Imperial Army, and then led all the people in the capital to launch from the palace. However, just as Pei Xia, the governor of Dongjun, predicted that "avoiding the soup and entering the fire", Emperor Xiaowu yuanxiu was also elevated by Yu Wentai and still could not govern.

Character evaluation

"Northern history:" emperor Shen Hou, learning involved, good martial affairs, there are scales everywhere

"Wei Shu": "deep and thick nature, few words, good martial affairs."

Wang Fuzhi: "the immorality of Xiuzhi is not human Wei Youjun is the king of Wei. When he was practicing, he favored Gao Huan and stole his position. Ye ye, Gong ye and Lang ye were all the people he had tasted and believed to be the king, but they all killed him. Xiu was also the thief of yuan family. "

Relative members

ancestors

Grandfather: Yuan Hong, Emperor Xiaowen of the Northern Wei Dynasty

Grandmother: you look good

parent

Father: Yuan Huai, King Wu Mu of Guangping

Mother: Empress Wu Mu Li

Empress

Gao, daughter of Gao Huan, empress Yongxi

Yuan Mingyue, Princess of the plain, daughter of Yuanyu, king of Jingzhao;

Princess ande is the daughter of Wang Yuanyi of Qinghe;

Yuan Tribulus terrestris, princess;

Son

Yuan Guangji, fourth son, mother unknown

Film and television image

2018 TV drama "Dugu world": Ma Jinghan plays yuan Xiu.

Chinese PinYin : Yuan Xiu