Huo Yuanjia

Huo Yuanjia

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Huo Yuanjia (January 18, 1868 - September 14, 1910), a famous patriotic martial artist in the late Qing Dynasty, was born in Jinghai County, Tianjin. Huo Yuanjia was born into an escort family and inherited his "secret boxing" skill. He was very weak when he was young. Before the age of 27, he basically lived in his hometown and often picked firewood to sell in Tianjin. When he was 28 years old, he went to Tianjin to work as a dock loader. Later, he worked as a helper in Huaiqing medicine store opened by Nong jinsun and was promoted to manager. In 1909, 41 year old Huo Yuanjia, introduced by Nong jinsun, came to Shanghai to accept the martial arts of "Jingwu gymnastics club" founded by Chen gongzhe and Chen Tiesheng. He was rated as one of the top ten martial arts celebrities in Cangzhou.

Sun Yat Sen spoke highly of Huo Yuanjia's courage and insight of "protecting the country and strengthening the species with military force". On the occasion of the 10th anniversary of the founding of the Jingwu Association, he personally attended the meeting and inscribed four characters of "martial spirit" to commemorate Huo Yuanjia.

Life of the characters

Early experience

Huo Yuanjia was weak when he was young. His father, huondi, refused to teach him martial arts because he was worried that it would damage the reputation of the Huo family. However, Yuan Jia had a high ambition and stole the art from his father to his brother. Hard training in the jujube forest outside the house. After the father know, blame. Yuanjia promised never to compete with others or humiliate the Huo family. Fang Zhun's father and brother practiced martial arts together. Yuanjia is gifted and intelligent, has amazing perseverance, and has made great progress in skills. He is outstanding among his brothers. At the age of 24, he defeated a man who defeated Huo Yuanjia's brother and younger brother in five minutes. Seeing this, my father changed his old ideas and spread the art to him. Huo Yuanjia made friends with martial arts, integrated the advantages of various schools, and developed the ancestral "secret boxing" into "lost art", which made the ancestral boxing art reach a new peak.

In the autumn of 1890, Huo Yuanjia defeated a martial arts teacher who came to compete with him and gained the reputation of "excellent martial arts". After that, Huo Yuanjia gradually became famous in Tianjin because of his love for chivalry and justice. Later, Huo Yunjia, a bully, worked in a drugstore outside Chengqing. While working in the drugstore, he was able to stir up a thousand catties of medicinal materials and push two big bluestones. People gave him a nickname: "Huo Dalishi".

While working in Huaiqing drugstore, Huo Yuanjia met Nong jinsun, the drugstore manager. Nong jinsun had studied in Japan and was knowledgeable. He often told Huo Yuanjia some Chinese and foreign stories, which opened his eyes and made him understand a lot of truth.

Powerful in Wulin

In 1901, a Russian strongman named schivanlov came to Tianjin opera garden to perform. He claimed that he would "fight all over China, let the sick men of East Asia see and broaden their horizons." Huo Yuanjia finds Nong jinsun and goes to the opera garden to compete with Si. When she learned that Huo Yuanjia had excellent martial arts, she decided to compromise. On the day of the martial arts competition, schivanlov begged for mercy and said, "I just came to Tianjin to perform. What I said doesn't count." Huo Yuanjia asked him to admit his mistake in the newspaper, so he had to agree and left Tianjin soon afterwards.

In 1909, British Hercules Obi Yin (actually working in a British circus, not Hercules) set up a challenge arena in Shanghai, ridiculing the Chinese as "sick men of East Asia". Shanghai people were very dissatisfied, but no one dared to fight. When Nong jinsun got the news from the newspaper, he recommended Huo Yuanjia to Chen Qimei, a well-known figure in Shanghai, a member of the alliance and a member of the revolutionary party. As soon as Huo Yuanjia arrived in Shanghai, the major newspapers in Shanghai published the news in large font. Huo Yuanjia challenged obiyin. They agreed not to use Chinese martial arts techniques such as finger poke and foot hook in the competition, and agreed to compete in Zhangyuan. But by the time of the game, there was no sign of him. It turned out that Obi Yin had run away.

In September 1910, the Japanese Judo Association was very unconvinced by Huo Yuanjia's scaring away Russian and British strongmen, so it selected more than a dozen masters to compete with Huo Yuanjia. Huo Yuanjia first let his apprentice Liu Zhensheng on the stage, Liu Yijing brake, winning five in a row. The leader of the Japanese team was very annoyed. Relying on his skilful skills, he called the roll to compete with Huo Yuanjia. As soon as the two sides met, the Japanese leader knew that his opponent was strong. He tried to hurt people with black hands, but Huo saw through. Huo Yuanjia made a false move and knocked his arm with his elbow. The Japanese leader's bone was broken and his tendon was broken, so he had to admit defeat.

Although Zhang Yuan didn't succeed in the competition, there was an upsurge of martial arts practice in Shanghai. Many universities flocked to invite Huo Yuanjia and his disciples to teach martial arts. During this period, one person had a great influence on Huo Yuanjia, which contributed to Huo Yuanjia's transformation from emphasizing traditional martial arts morality to saving the country with martial arts. This man is Nong jinsun, Huo Yuanjia's confidant in his youth.

Huo Yuanjia got to know Nong jinsun when he was working in the footwork. At that time, Nong jinsun, a revolutionary under Sun Yat Sen, set up Huaiqing pharmacy in Tianjin to cover the revolution by collecting herbs. Huo Zizheng told reporters that in his early years, Nong jinsun studied in Japan, knew foreign languages, had knowledge, and also loved martial arts. "Sun Yat Sen hoped that he would make friends with some famous martial arts experts to prepare for overthrowing the rule of the Qing Dynasty, while his great grandfather was eager to learn knowledge. They became friends at first sight."

On June 1, 1910, with the help of Nong jinsun and others, Huo Yuanjia founded "China Jingwu Gymnastics Association" (later renamed Jingwu Sports Association) in Shanghai. Huo Zizheng said that on the road of seeking to save the country, Huo Yuanjia took two very difficult steps: "the first is to break family rules and start to accept people with different surnames as apprentices. In order to save the country, my great grandfather broke the family rules. The second is to change the secret boxing into the lost art, so that the fancy routines become more practical, so that people can master the essentials as soon as possible and learn to defend themselves. "

The art of tracing is based on the skills of Huo family and the essence of all schools. Huo Zizheng said: "it's not difficult to learn, but it's extremely difficult to practice. It's hard in softness. It's as quick as lightning. When you fight with people, they are often knocked down before they can see the way clearly, which makes them dazzled and lost, so they get the name Dr. Sun Yat Sen highly praised Huo Yuanjia's noble demeanor and integrity in making the lost track boxing known to the world. He personally wrote down the four words of "martial spirit" and presented it to the Jingwu Sports Association.

The mystery of death

At that time, Penglai road in Shanghai was a place where overseas Japanese lived. Japanese Judo Association learned that Huo Yuanjia had defeated the strong men of Russia and Britain, and now founded the "Jingwu Gymnastics Association". It was very unconvinced. It specially selected more than ten judo masters from China, and the president of Judo personally led them to come to China. In the name of research, Huo Yuanjia and others were invited to compete in the martial arts hall, and the two sides chose their own notaries.

At the beginning of the game, Huo Yuanjia ordered his apprentice Liu Zhensheng to come out and make him use the method of luring the enemy to win. After Liu Zhensheng came on the stage, he was as stable as Mount Tai. The Japanese personnel thought there was an opportunity to take advantage of him and used a variety of tricks, but they didn't shake him. Even if the Japanese side sent its strongest to fight, Liu Zhensheng kicked him to the ground. Liu Zhensheng beat five Japanese players in a row by keeping quiet and waiting for work. When the Japanese leader saw this situation, he was very angry, so he went out to challenge Huo Yuanjia. After a few rounds, the Japanese leader learned Huo Yuanjia's strength, so he tried to hurt people secretly. Unexpectedly, Huo Yuanjia saw the flaw, made a false move, and broke his arm bone with his elbow on the spot. When the Japanese team members saw this situation, they swarmed on and were immediately stopped by the Chinese notary. At this time, the Japanese changed their strategy and held a banquet after the game to entertain Huo Yuanjia. During the banquet, I heard that Huo Yuanjia suffered from cough, and also suffered from trauma in the contest. So I introduced a doctor named Akino to treat Huo Yuanjia. All his life, Huo Yuanjia was open-minded and accepted without doubt. And keep the Qiuye Hospital of Baidu bridge in Hongkou. After Huo Yuanjia took the medicine, his condition not only did not improve, but gradually worsened. At this time, the Jingwu society wanted to take Huo Yuanjia out of the hospital. Akino tried every means to prevent him from leaving the hospital. Later, he was treated by Chen Zizheng, a colleague of the Jingwu society. He died in Shanghai Jingwu Sports Association on September 14, 1910. Huo Yuanjia's apprentices and friends took Huo Yuanjia's daily medicine to test, only to know that it was a bottle of chronic rotten lung medicine, and understood that it was the poisonous hand of the Japanese. He died at the age of 42.

After death

After the death of Huo Yuanjia, the disciples of Jingwu society and the Patriots of Shanghai martial arts held a grand funeral for Huo Yuanjia. They presented the elegy couplet of "Chengren quyi" and were buried in the northern suburb of Shanghai. The next year, Liu Zhensheng, a disciple, helped the coffin back to Li and moved it to the south of xiaonanhe village. Shanghai Jingwu society was taught by Yuanqing, the younger brother of Yuanjia, and Dongge, the second son. More than ten years later, there are 43 Jingwu branches at home and abroad, with more than 400000 members.

It is said that after Huo Yuanjia was poisoned by the Japanese, his beloved disciple Chen Zhen avenged him. This legend was first brought to the big screen by Bruce Lee in 1972. But in fact, there is no such character as "Chen Zhen" in history. Chen Zhen was created by artists based on Liu Zhensheng's deeds to make the plot more beautiful. However, in history, Liu Zhensheng is indeed Huo Yuanjia's eldest disciple, and it is true that Huo Yuanjia was poisoned and killed by the Japanese. When Huo Yuanjia's mausoleum was built in 1989, tests on Huo Yuanjia's remains confirmed that he was poisoned. In addition, there is a long historical novel about Huo Yuanjia, Jinmen great Xia Huo Yuanjia (author: Feng Yunan, Baihua Literature and Art Publishing House). Through the textual research of the author, it basically reproduces the style of Huo Yuanjia.

Located in xiaonanhe village, Xiqing District, Tianjin, in 1986, the people's Government of Xiqing District, Tianjin renovated Huo Yuanjia's former residence and built Huo Yuanjia's mausoleum in memory of this famous patriotic martial artist at home and abroad. In 1997, Huo Yuanjia's former residence was repaired again, and Huo Yuanjia's mausoleum was expanded to "Huo yuan"

Chinese PinYin : Huo Yuan Jia