Andersen

Hans Christian An-dersen

Hans Christian Andersen (April 2, 1805 ~ August 4, 1875), a Danish fairy tale writer in the 19th century, is known as "the sun of world children's Literature". His masterpieces include firm tin soldier, daughter of the sea, Thumbelina, little match girl, ugly duckling and the emperor's new clothes.

Andersen was born in Odense, a poor shoemaker family. He was baptized in St. kunud's church and had a poor childhood. Father is a shoemaker, mother is a servant. In his early years, he studied in charity school and worked as an apprentice. Influenced by his father and folk oral literature, he loved literature since childhood. At the age of 11, his father died of illness and his mother remarried. In pursuit of art, he came to Copenhagen alone when he was 14 years old. At the age of 17, he published the poetic drama "ALF sol", showing his talent. As a result, he was sent by the Royal Theatre of art to the slagger grammar school and helsinko school for free. It took five years. In 1828, he was promoted to the University of Copenhagen. After graduation, he had no job and lived mainly on the contributions. In 1838, he won the writer's prize, which is 200 yuan of non official allowance every year.

Andersen's literary career began in 1822 when he wrote plays. After entering the University, the creation is becoming more and more mature. He has published travel notes, song and dance comedies, poetry anthology and drama. In 1835, he published the novel impromptu poet, which won him international reputation and is his masterpiece of adult literature. His work Andersen's fairy tales has been translated into more than 150 languages and published all over the world.

At 11 am on August 4, 1875, Andersen died of liver cancer at his friend's country house. He was 70 years old.

Character experience

Hans Andersen was born in Odense, Denmark, on April 2, 1805. In 1811, a comet appeared in the sky. Later, Andersen wrote the fairy tale comet.

In 1814, his father Hans Andersen died. In 1816, studying in a charity school, my mother remarried. In 1819, he went to Copenhagen to find his ideal and began his personal struggle.

In 1822, he wrote the tragedies "the vicenberg robber" and "afsall" and applied to study in the church school at the Royal public expense.

In 1826, he moved to hersingh with Maslin, the principal of the church school. In 1827, he returned to Copenhagen and published his poems evening and dying child.

In 1828, he passed the examination and was admitted to the University of Copenhagen. In 1829, he published his romantic work the adventures of amag island.

In 1830, he published a collection of poems with a fairy tale ghost, which was later rewritten as travelling companion. In 1831, he traveled to Germany and published travel essay style poetry anthology "fantasy and sketch" and "travel silhouette".

In 1832, he published fairy tales such as fleas and the professor, the story of old Johnny, the key to the door and the lame. In 1833, he traveled to France and met Heine. Mother died of illness.

In 1835, he published his first novel the impromptu poet and two collections of fairy tales. In 1836, he published the novel o'mallet.

In 1837, he published his third novel "just a violinist" and his third collection of fairy tales, which were collected into a collection.

1838, travel to Sweden. Publish the first part of a new fairy tale. The second was published the following year. In 1840, the screenplay "the black and white half breed" made its debut with great success. Published fairy tales "no painting album" and "vicious tree".

In 1841, a collection of fairy tales, the market of a poet, was published, including three fairy tales, money pig, eternal friendship and a rose on Homer's tomb.

In 1842, the third part of a new collection of fairy tales was published. I met Jennie Linde in 1843. Get to know Dumas, Hugo and Balzac.

In 1845, the new collection of fairy tales was published. In 1846, he published his autobiography fairy tales of my life, which was revised and reprinted later. The second and third episodes of new fairy tales were published.

In 1846, he published his autobiography fairy tales of my life, which was revised and reprinted later. The second and third episodes of new fairy tales were published.

In 1847, he traveled to England and met Dickens. Publish the first part of the second collection of fairy tales. In 1848, the second collection of fairy tales was published. Two Baroness was published in England and Denmark at the same time.

In 1849, he created the fairy tale flax and published the fairy tale drama more precious than pearl and gold.

In 1850, he created the fairy tale drama "mengshen". In 1851, published in Sweden. In 1852, he began to publish fairy tales and stories under the new title of the collection of stories.

In 1853, he published his second collection of stories, and supplemented and revised his autobiography the fairy tales of my life. In 1855, a collection of stories with Peterson's illustrations was published.

In 1856, he published an updated collection of stories illustrated by Peterson, and added fairy tales such as glorious thorny road and Jewish woman.

In 1857, he published the novel live or not. The first episode of new stories was published at Christmas.

In 1858, the second episode of new stories was published. In 1859, the third episode of new stories was published. In 1861, the fifth episode of new stories was published.

In 1862, he published the fairy tale the bell of the ancient church. In 1864, there was a war between Denmark and Germany, and Denmark was defeated in the war.

In 1865, the seventh episode of new stories was published. In 1866, the eighth episode of new stories was published. In 1867, Andersen was awarded the title of "honorary citizen" by a grand rally held in his hometown Odense.

In 1865, the seventh episode of new stories was published.

In 1868, he published fairy tales such as little green thing, little ghost and his wife, tree spirit, etc., and wrote the source and system of fairy tales.

In 1869, he published such fairy tales as rotten cloth, creation, comet and the story of sunshine. In 1870, he published fairy tales such as "luck may be on a stick", "great grandfather" and "lucky bell".

From 1871 to 1873, the last collection of fairy tales was published. On April 13, 1875, the king of Denmark celebrated his 70th birthday.

At 11 am on August 4, 1875, Andersen died of liver cancer in his friend's country house. He was 70 years old.

(source of Atlas)

Personal life

Andersen, a Danish fairy tale writer, never married. He spent all his life in fairy tales. He didn't want to contact outsiders. He was very self abased and thought that he was not only ugly, but also poor. Shortly before his death, Andersen once said to a young writer, "I have paid a huge, even incalculable, price for my fairy tales. For the sake of fairy tales, I refused my own happiness and missed such a period of time. At that time, despite how powerful and brilliant imagination is, it should give way to reality. "

Andersen himself thinks that the reason why he failed to fall in love repeatedly is because of his ugly appearance and poverty. He said many times in his diary and letters that "because I am ugly and will always be poor, no one will marry me", "if I am beautiful, or rich, and have a decent office, then I will get married and start a family". Some Andersen researchers believe that in addition to the above two reasons, "his deep-rooted inferiority complex makes it impossible for him to establish a love relationship with the opposite sex, whether legal or illegal.".

Andersen's autobiography was written at the age of 27. It is said in the book that "there is always an indescribable aversion to girls over 20 years old. I really tremble when I am with them" should be his childhood and adolescence. However, when he became an adult, the memory of "the terrible naked mad woman, the substitute of all adult women's bodies", still existed in his subconscious mind, and became a powerful unconscious force for him to fear physical contact with any woman. This is the real reason why Andersen's love is always unsuccessful - while pursuing women, he always subconsciously evades women.

Main works

novel

script

travels

autobiography

A collection of poems

fairy tale

Creative features

Subject thought

Stages of creation

Andersen's creation of fairy tales can be divided into three periods: early, middle and late.

Most of the early fairy tales are full of gorgeous fantasy and optimistic spirit, reflecting the characteristics of the combination of realism and romanticism. His masterpieces are Tinder Box, little IDA's flowers, Thumbelina, daughter of the sea, wild swan, ugly duckling and the emperor's new clothes.

In the mid-term fairy tales, the fantasy component is weakened, and the reality component is relatively enhanced. In the process of denouncing ugliness and praising kindness, it shows the persistent pursuit of a better life and the melancholy of lack of confidence. His masterpieces include little match girl, ice queen, shadow, a drop of water, mother's story and puppet man.

The later fairy tales are more realistic than the middle ones, focusing on describing the miserable fate of the people at the bottom, exposing the coldness, darkness and injustice of social life. The tone of the work is low. His masterpieces include "a dream under the willow", "she is a waste", "a bachelor's Nightcap" and "lucky baby".

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Chinese PinYin : An Tu Sheng