one of the Ten Great Marshals

one of the Ten Great Marshals

Liu Bocheng (December 4, 1892 to October 7, 1986), formerly known as Liu Mingzhao and formerly known as Liu Bojian, was born in Kaixian County, Sichuan Province (now Kaizhou District, Chongqing). He is an outstanding member of the Communist Party of China, marshal of the people's Republic of China, one of the founders of the Chinese people's Liberation Army, a great proletarian revolutionist, militarist, Marxist military theorist and military educator.

He joined the army during the revolution of 1911 and joined the Communist Party of China in 1926. They successively participated in the northern expedition, August 1 Nanchang Uprising, Agrarian Revolutionary War, Long March, anti Japanese War, liberation war, etc. After the founding of the people's Republic of China, he successively served as the Second Secretary of the Southwest Bureau of the CPC Central Committee, chairman of the Southwest Military and political Commission, President and political commissar of the PLA Military Academy, and vice chairman of the people's Revolutionary Military Commission of the Central People's government. He was awarded the rank of Marshal in 1955. On October 7, 1986, Liu Bocheng died in Beijing at the age of 94. Liu Bocheng has made immortal contributions to the cause of the liberation of the Chinese nation and the Chinese people, made outstanding contributions to China's national defense and socialist construction, and made outstanding contributions to the normalization and modernization of our army.

Life of the characters

Early experience

Comrade Liu Bocheng is the marshal of the people's Republic of China (1955). Militarist. His original name is Liu Mingzhao, and his name is Bocheng. Liu Bocheng was born in zhaojiachang, Kaixian County, Sichuan Province on December 4, 1892. He studied in private schools at the age of 5 and began to receive new education at the age of 12. At the age of 15, because of his father's death and family difficulties, he was forced to drop out of school to work in agriculture. He suffered a lot of hardships and was determined to "save the people from fire and water".

Democratic Revolution

In 1911, when the storm of the 1911 revolution swept across China, he resolutely chose to join the army. At that time, most of his relatives and friends disapproved of this move, but he replied with emotion: "a man should save the people with his sword, regardless of his wealth?" He cut off his pigtails and devoted himself to the democratic revolution led by Sun Yat Sen with a strong belief in enriching the country and strengthening the army.

In February 1912, he was admitted to the general school of Chongqing Shu military government to study various modern military courses. At the same time, he was familiar with many chapters of ancient Chinese military books, such as Sun Tzu and Wu Zi. After 10 months in the general school, he was not only outstanding in his studies, but also well-known for his good manners, good conduct, and no bad habits. His classmates called him the "Bodhisattva" in the army.

At the end of 1912, he graduated and was assigned to Xiong Kewu Department of the 5th division of Sichuan army. He successively served as division commander, platoon commander and company commander.

In 1913, he took part in the battle of fighting for yuan in Sichuan. After his failure, he joined the Chinese Revolutionary Party led by Sun Yat sen in Shanghai in 1914.

At the end of 1915, he was ordered to return to Sichuan and set up a team of more than 400 people to form the fourth detachment of the East Sichuan national defense army.

In March 1916, when commanding the attack on Fengdu County, he was wounded in the right eye. In the process of healing, in order not to damage the brain and nerves, he insisted on not using anesthetics, and was praised as "military God" by the German doctor who was the main knife.

In 1917, he participated in the French war and served as chief of staff of the 9th brigade of the 5th division of Sichuan army and head of the security corps of Sichuan military supervision department.

In 1923, he took part in the war against Wu Peifu, the Northern Warlord. He served as the first commander of the East Road bandit army and won the battle of rescuing Longquanyi. He was seriously injured in his right leg in August. During his treatment in Chengdu, he met Sichuan Communists Yang Angong and Wu Yuzhang and began to accept Marxism.

Since October 1924, Wu Yuzhang visited Shanghai, Beijing, Guangzhou and other places to investigate the situation of the national revolution and the current situation of Chinese society. What he saw and heard on the way made him firm in his belief in communism.

In May 1926, Yang Angong and Wu Yuzhang formally joined the Communist Party of China. In December, he served as a member of the military committee of the CPC Chongqing prefectural committee, and was ordered to launch the Luzhou Shunqing uprising with Yang Angong and Zhu De. Because he was familiar with the situation of the Sichuan army and was popular, he was given the important task of "commander in chief of the Sichuan army of the National Revolutionary Army". During the 167 day uprising, he dispatched troops, advanced and retreated wisely, managed the government with peace and contentment, and responded to the Northern Expedition effectively, realizing the CPC Central Committee's strategic goal of restraining Sichuan warlords from threatening Wuhan eastward.

Agrarian Revolution

In April 1927, he was appointed as the commander of the 15th army by the Wuhan National Government, which was the first post of commander appointed by the CPC members in the national revolutionary army. In late July, he secretly went to Nanchang to lead the shocking Nanchang Uprising with Zhou Enlai, he long, Ye Ting and Zhu De, and served as chief of staff of the former enemy Committee of the Communist Party of China. At the end of the same year, he was sent to the Soviet Union to study military, first to Moscow advanced Infantry School, and then to vorongze military academy. When he first arrived in the Soviet Union, in order to conquer the Russian language barrier, he "regarded grammar as a string of money, new words as copper money, accumulated it day and night, and difficulties as an enemy, captured it day and night. In a few months, he was able to read Russian Books."

Xia Xuecheng returned to China in 1930 and successively served as chief of staff of the Central Military Commission of the Communist Party of China, secretary and chief of staff of the Military Commission of the Yangtze River Bureau, and member of the Central Military Commission. He assisted Zhou Enlai, Secretary of the Central Military Commission, in handling the daily work of the Military Commission, held short-term military training courses, and was responsible for teaching courses such as riot strategy, mobile warfare, and so on.

In January 1932, he went to Ruijin, the capital of the Central Soviet Area, as the president and political commissar of the central military and political school. In October, he served as the chief of the general staff of the Red Army of the Chinese workers and peasants, assisting Zhu De and Zhou Enlai in commanding operations in the front and winning the fourth "encirclement and suppression" campaign. During the period, he wrote "questions to be answered by the guerrillas now" and "lessons from guerrilla warfare in the enemy's rear area", and translated many Soviet textbooks and theoretical articles, which promoted the improvement of the military quality of red army cadres.

In 1934, in the fifth anti "encirclement and suppression" campaign, Li De, the military adviser sent by the Communist International, was dismissed from the post of chief of staff and demoted to the post of chief of staff of the Fifth Corps because he opposed the dogmatism and dictatorial style of combat command.

At the beginning of the Long March, he assisted Dong Zhentang, the commander of the Kuomintang army, to perform the guard duty and cover the central authorities to pass through the four blockade lines of the Kuomintang army. At the end of 1934, he was re appointed chief of the general staff of the Red Army and commander of the central column.

In January 1935, he commanded the advance troops to break through the Wujiang River, outwitted Zunyi, and got rid of the main forces of the enemy forces, which gave the Central Red Army a rare short-term rest. At the Zunyi Meeting, he firmly supported Mao Zedong's ideas. After the meeting, he assisted Mao Zedong and other organizations in commanding the campaigns of Sidu Chishui and Erjin Zunyi, so that the troops jumped out of the enemy's encirclement and went straight to the north of Yunnan. He personally led the cadre regiment to seize jiaopingdu and ensured the whole army to cross the natural danger Jinsha River. In May, he also served as the commander of the advance team of the Red Army. Together with political commissar Nie Rongzhen, he led his troops to Daliang Mountain and made a blood alliance with Yi leader Xiao Ye danshe, so that the whole army passed the Yi inhabited area smoothly. Then the headquarters crossed the Dadu River in Anshun and opened the way for the Red Army to go north. After the confluence of the first and fourth front armies of the Red Army, they resolutely carried out the CPC Central Committee's policy of going north to resist Japan, fought against Zhang Guotao's separatist activities together with Zhu De in adversity, and was removed from the post of chief of general staff by Zhang Guotao and demoted to President of Red Army University of the Fourth Front Army.

After the three main forces of the red army joined forces in October 1936, he served as chief of staff of the former enemy general command, chief of general staff of the Red Army and commander of the aid army to the West.

Anti Japanese War

After the outbreak of the Anti Japanese War, he served as the commander of the 129th division of the Eighth Route Army and led his troops to fight on Taihang Mountain with Deng Xiaoping, the political commissar. In the face of the invincible Japanese invasion army, he often used words such as "courage is the laurel on the head of a man", "hornless sheep are oppressed, stinging wasps are not to be bullied" to stimulate the soldiers' confidence in the struggle against the enemy. He commanded his troops to carry out a series of famous battles, such as attacking Yangmingbao at night, setting up Qigen village, changshengkou, shentouling, xiangtangpu, fighting against "nine road siege" in Southeast Shanxi, fighting against "11 road sweep" in Southern Hebei, and zhengtaiyuliao in the hundred regiment war. He dealt a heavy blow to the Japanese invaders and established the Anti Japanese base in Shanxi, Hebei, Shandong and Henan. He resolutely carried out the strategic principles of the CPC Central Committee and the Central Military Commission, actively organized a guerrilla group with a combination of regular army, guerrilla forces and militia, and set up a large number of armed working teams to carry out "enemy's advance and our advance" and extensively attacked enemy occupied areas and traffic lines, smashing the frequent "encroachment" and cruel "mopping up" of the Japanese puppet army. At the same time, he led his troops to fight back against the Kuomintang's incursions into the base area many times, firmly holding the Taihang Mountain, the "South Gate" of the Anti Japanese base area in North China, so that the "pingliao Banbi mountain" could be spared the ravages of the enemy.

In 1942, he and Deng Xiaoping led the army and people in the base areas to achieve self-sufficiency in production, reduce rent and interest rates, streamline military and administration, and spent the most difficult years of the Anti Japanese war. In September 1943, he went to Yan'an to take part in the rectification movement. He was elected as a member of the Seventh Central Committee in June 1945.

After the surrender of Japan, he became the commander of the Shanxi Hebei Shandong Henan military region. From September to November 1945, he led the Ministry to launch the Shangdang campaign and the Handan campaign, annihilating nearly 60000 Kuomintang troops who committed crimes in the north, and fighting for Gao Shuxun, deputy commander of the 11th theater and commander of the new 8th Army, to lead the uprising of the Ministry, which effectively cooperated with the negotiations between the CPC and the Kuomintang in Chongqing, broke Chiang Kai Shek's strategic attempt to move northward, and made great contributions to the realization of the party's goal The central government has made an important contribution to the policy of "developing to the north and defending to the South".

War of Liberation

After the outbreak of the civil war, he also served as the commander of the field army of Shanxi Hebei Shandong Henan. He fought with Deng Xiaoping's headquarters with great strides. From August 1946 to may 1947, he successively won a series of battles, such as Longhai, Dingtao, Juye, juancheng, Huaxian, jujinyu, Henan Anhui border and Northern Henan. He annihilated hundreds of thousands of enemies, liberated large areas and defeated the strategic attack of the Kuomintang army

Chinese PinYin : Liu Bo Cheng