Sun Quan
Sun Quan
Sun Quan, the great emperor of Wu (182-252, May 21), was named Zhongmou. Wujun Fuchun county (now Fuyang District, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province) people. The founder of Sun Wu in the Three Kingdoms period (229-252, May 21).
Sun Quan's father, Sun Jian, and his elder brother, sun CE, laid the foundation of Jiangdong in the late Eastern Han Dynasty. In the fifth year of Jian'an (200 years), sun CE was assassinated and died. Sun Quan took charge and became a vassal. In 208, he established an alliance with Liu Bei and defeated Cao Cao in the battle of Chibi. In the 24th year of Jian'an (219), LV Meng was sent to attack Liu Bei's Jingzhou, which greatly increased the territory.
In the first year of Huangwu (222), Sun Quan was canonized as king of Wu by Cao Pi, Emperor Wen of Wei Dynasty, and the state of Wu was established. In the same year, Liu Bei was defeated in the battle of Yiling. In the first year of Huanglong (229), he was officially called emperor in Wuchang and was named Wu. Soon after, he moved his capital to Jianye. After Sun Quan became emperor, he set up agricultural officials, tuntian, prefectures and counties, and continued to suppress and pacify Shanyue, which promoted the economic development of Jiangnan. In the second year of Huanglong (230), the generals Wei Wen and Zhuge Zhi arrived in Yizhou (now Taiwan).
In his later years, Sun Quan was fickle on the issue of successor, which led to the party struggle among the masses and the instability of the court. He died of illness in 252, the first year of Shenfeng. He was 71 years old. He had been in power for 24 years. He was posthumously named the great emperor and was buried in Jiangling.
Sun Quan was also good at calligraphy, and Zhang Huaiyu of Tang Dynasty ranked his calligraphy as the third class in Shugu.
(photo source: Yan Liben's pictures of emperors)
Life of the characters
Early experience
Sun Quan's native place is Fuchun County, Wujun county (now Fuyang District, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province). He was born in 182, the fifth year of Guanghe in Donghan Dynasty. He is Sun Jian's second son. When Sun Quan was born, sun JianZheng served as the county magistrate of xiapi. It is said that he was the 22nd grandson of Sun Wu, a military strategist in the spring and Autumn period.
In the first year of Zhongping (184), Sun Jian, who was the commander of the auxiliary army at that time, pursued the yellow scarf army with Zhu. Both Sun Quan and his family lived in Shouchun County, Jiujiang county (now Chengguan Town, Shouxian County, Anhui Province).
In 189, when Sun Jian, the then prefect of Changsha, set up his troops to fight against Dong Zhuo's Guandong (east of Hangu pass), Sun Quan followed his elder brother sun CE to move to Shu County of Lujiang County (now southwest of Lujiang in Anhui Province).
In 191, Sun Jian died because he was ordered by Yuan Shu to attack Liu Biao, the governor of Jingzhou. After the funeral, the whole family moved to Jiangdu County, Guangling county. Sun Quan lost his father at the age of nine and was educated by his mother, Mrs. Wu.
In 193, after sun CE defected to Yuan Shu, he ordered Lu fan to take Sun Quan and others to Wu Jing (Sun Quan's uncle) who lived in qua. The next year, sun CE attacked Lujiang County for Yuan Shu. Liu Yao, the governor of Yangzhou, was deeply afraid of being annexed and wanted to do harm to Sun Quan and his mother. So Zhu Zhi sent people to qua to meet sun CE's mother and Sun Quan's younger brother and provide maintenance. Later, Sun Quan followed Mrs. Wu and moved to Liyang county (now Hexian County, Anhui Province) and Fuling county (now Quanjiao, Anhui Province).
15 years
In 195, sun CE crossed the Yangtze River and sent Chen Bao to Fuling to take his family back to qua.
Sun Quan is a man of great humanity, benevolent and determined, advocating chivalry and cultivating talents, so he gradually became as famous as his father and brother. He often followed sun CE and participated in the decision-making of internal affairs, which made sun CE feel inferior. Whenever he entertains guests, sun CE often looks back at Sun Quan and says, "these people will be your subordinates in the future." At this time, Sun Quan, Hu Zong and Zhu ran studied in Wujun.
In the first year of Jian'an (196), after sun CE took over Danyang, Wu and Kuaiji counties, Sun Quan, who was 15 years old, was appointed the county magistrate of Yangxian (now Yixing City, Jiangsu Province). Zhu Zhicha, the prefect of Wu County, named him Xiaolian, and Yan Xiang, the governor of Yangzhou, named him maocai. Later, he acted as the commander of Fengyi school.
From the fourth year of Jian'an (199) to the beginning of the fifth year of Jian'an (200), Sun Quan followed sun CE to attack Liu Xun, the prefect of Lujiang. After Liu Xun was defeated and fled, he marched into Shaxian to attack Huang Zu, the prefect of Jiangxia, and captured Lujiang and Yuzhang.
Youth unification
In the fifth year of Jian'an (200), sun CE was assassinated by Xu Gong and died. Before he died, he ordered Sun Quan to take his place. At the age of 19, Sun Quan was worshipped by the Eastern Han Dynasty as a general, and led the Kuaiji prefect to garrison Wujun. It was not long after sun CE unified Jiangdong, but the local scholars and guests still had different ideas. Therefore, when Sun Quan first took charge of Jiangdong, the situation was turbulent. Li Shu, the prefect of Lujiang, rebelled openly. Sun Fu, the prefect of Luling, tried to seize power through Cao Cao and Sun Zhen. Sun Yi, the prefect of Danyang, and sun he, the important Minister of the clan, were killed. Tens of thousands of mountains and Yue in Yuzhang and Kuaiji were also waiting for the opportunity to make trouble.
Sun Quan took Zhang Zhao as his master, Zhou Yu, Cheng Pu and other old ministers to rule the generals. He first led the army to destroy Li Shu, and got more than 30000 people from his department; he stopped the clan turmoil; he also destroyed more than 6000 mountains, and collected more than 10000 people. Zhu Gejin, Lu Su, Yan Gu, bu Lu, Lu Xun, Xu Sheng, Gu Yong, Gu Shao and others were recruited under his command, which stabilized the hearts of local families and guests, and stabilized the situation in the south of the Yangtze River.
From the 8th year of Jian'an to the 13th year of Jian'an (203-208), Sun Quan attacked Jiangxia County three times, and finally killed huangzu and annexed most of Jiangxia county.
Battle of Chibi
Master data:
Battle of Chibi
In the 13th year of Jian'an (208), Cao Cao, the prime minister, went south and defeated Liu Bei, the left general and Yuzhou herdsman. After occupying Jiangling, Cao Cao wrote to Sun Quan, intending to take the land of Dongwu. Sun's camp is divided into two groups: the main battle group is represented by Lu Su and Zhou Yu, and the main surrender group is represented by Zhang Zhao. Zhang Zhao had great influence at that time, but Sun Quan intended to fight Cao Cao. At this time, Lu Su brought Liu Bei's counselor Zhuge Liang from Jiangxia to show Liu Bei's determination to unite with sun to fight against Cao. Zhou Yu's return in time showed that Cao Cao had many disadvantages in sending troops, and he was expected to win the war. Sun Quan decisively decided to take Zhou Yu and Cheng Pu as the left and right governors to join forces with Liu Bei and fight Cao Cao. Zhou Yu used Huang Gai's tactics to defeat Cao Cao's army with 50000 people in Chibi. After the war, Liu Bei and Zhou Yu pursued Nanjun, so Cao Cao had to withdraw to the north, leaving Cao Ren and Xu Huang in Jiangling and sending lejin to guard Xiangyang.
At this time, Ganning was surrounded by Cao Ren in Yiling. Zhou Yu adopted LV Meng's strategy and left Lingtong to resist Cao Ren. He rescued Ganning with half of his troops and returned to victory. In the same year, Sun Quan led the army to besiege Hefei and sent Zhang Zhao to attack Dangtu County in Jiujiang county. Zhang Zhao's troops were disadvantageous, Sun Quan's attack on Hefei also failed to break the city, and finally had to withdraw.
In the 14th year of Jian'an (209), Zhou Yu and Cao Ren had been in a stalemate for more than a year. Cao Ren's army suffered a lot of casualties, and eventually abandoned the city and fled. After Sun Quan got Nanjun, he appointed Zhou Yu as the prefect of Nanjun.
In the same year, Liu Bei was appointed Sun Quan as an acting general of motorcycles, and also served as a herdsman in Xuzhou. Sun Quan and Liu Bei met in Jingkou and agreed to lend Nanjun to Liu Bei. The meeting consolidated the alliance between sun and Liu. In order to guard against Sun Quan, Cao Cao forced the people to move to Huainan, which caused more than 100000 people in Jianghuai to panic and made them all cross the river to belong to Sun Quan.
Confrontation across the river
In the 15th year of Jian'an (210), Sun Quan sent the governor of Jiaozhou to the south. The great army of Bujia came down on the border and all the nine counties of Jiaozhou were subject to it. SHIXIE, the prefect of Jiaozhi, led his brothers to accept sun's control. Only Wu Ju, the Cangwu prefect appointed by Liu Biao, disobeyed Yang and was finally beheaded by Bu Gu. Sun Quan is to win over Shi Xie and add him to the rank of general Zuo.
In the 16th year of Jian'an (211), Sun Quan followed the advice of his adviser Zhang Dan and moved his office to moling. The next year, the stone city was built and moling was renamed Jianye (now Nanjing, Jiangsu). In the same year, it also built the ruxu dock to prevent Cao Cao from invading the south.
In the first month of the 18th year of Jian'an (213), Cao Cao attacked ruxuwu. Sun Quan besieged Cao Cao's water army with his boat division, captured more than 3000 people and drowned thousands of Cao's army. After more than a month of stalemate, Sun Quan succeeded in persuading Cao Cao back.
In May of the 19th year of Jian'an (214), Sun Quan led LV Meng and Gan Ning to invade Anhui city and captured Zhu Guang, the governor of Lujiang River, with a population of tens of thousands. Since then, Sun Quan controlled the south of Jianghuai river.
In 215, Liu Bei collected Yizhou, Sun Quan sent zhugejin to return Jingzhou, but Liu Bei refused. In his fury, Sun Quan took Lu Meng as his general and went to Changsha, Guiyang and Lingling. Liu Bei also sent 50000 troops to the Public Security Bureau. Guan Yu confronted Lu Su with 30000 troops in Yiyang. LV Meng, sun Jiao, pan Zhang and others rushed to support him. The war was imminent. However, when Cao Cao led his main force to the west to Hanzhong, Liu Bei was faced with a great threat and made peace with Sun Quan. Finally, Changsha, Jiangxia and Guiyang belong to Sun Quan, while Nanjun, Lingling and Wuling belong to Liu Bei. After making peace with Liu Bei, Sun Quan went to Hefei again. As soon as he arrived outside Hefei, he was attacked by Zhang Liao. General Chen Wu fought to his death, and Sun Quan abandoned his flag to climb the mountain. When he withdrew, Sun Quan was attacked by Zhang Liao again. Under the protection of Lu Meng, Ling Tong, Gan Ning and others, Sun Quan helped his horse to move toward Jin, helped him to cross the bridge and got out of danger again.
In the winter of the 21st year of Jian'an (216), Cao Cao settled in Juchao, attacked ruxuwu again, and incited feizhan and other Shanyue uprisings in Danyang. The next year, Sun Quan sent He Qi and Lu Xun to put down the feizhan rebellion.
Capture Jingzhou
In the spring of the 22nd year of Jian'an (217), Sun Quan negotiated with LV Meng and prepared to take back Jingzhou, so he actively prepared for war. He also ordered Xu Xiang, the commander of the capital, to visit Cao Cao and ask him to surrender. Cao Cao agreed to mend and vowed to marry again.
In 219, Sun Quan attacked Hefei again, and all the states of Cao and Wei sent troops to Yangzhou. Guan Yu, the Jingzhou general appointed by Liu Bei, took advantage of the emptiness of Xiangfan to launch the Xiangfan war. During this period, it is said that Guan Yu
Chinese PinYin : Sun Quan
Sun Quan
