Gu Zhongyi

Gu Zhongyi

Gu Zhongyi (1903-1965), male, Han nationality. He was born in Jiaxing, Zhejiang Province. Famous alumni of Literature Department of Nanjing University. Members of the NLD. Gu Zhongyi was admitted to a private school at the age of 7, Xiushui primary school at the age of 10, and then Zhejiang provincial No.2 Middle School. In February 1925, Gu Zhongyi was employed by Xiamen Jimei school to teach English for one and a half years. During his teaching in Shanghai drama academy, Gu Zhongyi successively offered such courses as Western European drama history, introduction to Screenwriting, analysis of famous dramas, research on writers' works, introduction to drama, etc.

Personal life

Gu Zhongyi (1903-1965), male, Han nationality. He was born in Jiaxing, Zhejiang Province. Members of the NLD. His works began to be published in 1923. He joined the Chinese Writers Association in 1952. His father, Gu Ruilai, moved to Jiaxing when he was young. He opened a copper wire store to run groceries. Later, he opened the tongyuanxiang bookstore to run a printing factory. He went bankrupt because of the fire. Her daughter Gu Yaling is a Russian translator.

Early experience

Gu Zhongyi was admitted to a private school at the age of 7, Xiushui primary school at the age of 10, and then Zhejiang provincial No.2 Middle School. Later, in order to lighten the family burden, he applied to Jiaxing Xiuzhou middle school as a third grade student. After the outbreak of the May 4th movement, influenced by the new culture, Xiuzhou middle school enthusiastically participated in the progressive student movement, organized a student drama team, edited, directed and performed drama such as hatred of the Korean subjugation, Yunnan uprising, Chinese soul and down with the traitors. At the invitation of education meetings in Jiaxing, they performed in Xincheng, Pinghu, Wangdian, Wuzhen, Xinshi and Chang'an, and were warmly welcomed by the masses Welcome. The performance lasted more than a month until the summer vacation. This patriotic drama activity became the first cornerstone of Gu Zhongyi's drama career. In 1920, he was admitted to English Department of Nanjing Normal University (later expanded to National Southeast University). Two years later, the school had to be suspended because of the loss of financial resources. He graduated from the school of Arts of National Southeast University in 1923 (renamed National Central University in 1928 and Nanjing University in 1949). Later, he joined the Shanghai Commercial Press as an English teacher, met Shen Yanbing, Zheng Zhenduo and others, and participated in the literature research association. After being introduced by Hong Shen, he joined Shanghai Drama Association and began to engage in drama activities.

Youth

In February 1925, Gu Zhongyi was employed by Xiamen Jimei school to teach English for one and a half years. During this period, Galsworthy's the skin of a rat was published by the commercial press as one of the popular drama series of the literary research society. He also translated "a glimpse of Greece", "a glimpse of Paris", "a glimpse of Myanmar" and "selected short stories of Hardy" (published by Kaiming bookstore), and completed the adaptation of foreign drama "Merlot" and drama "compatriots and sisters". In 1927, he became a lecturer and professor in Jinan University. In the autumn of 1930, he was appointed a part-time professor of Fudan University to teach drama concepts and English. In the same year, he completed the translation of Shakespeare's comedy The Merchant of Venice and submitted it to the New Moon Society for publication. In the spring of 1933, he was a full-time professor and registered director of Fudan University. In addition, he was a professor of Chinese public school and head of the Department of foreign languages.

Heyday of middle age

After the outbreak of the Anti Japanese war in 1937, Gu Zhongyi went out of his study, devoted himself to the patriotic movement of national salvation, and wrote a number of essays and poems full of Anti Japanese passion. In October of the same year, Shanghai's Fudan and Daxia universities merged and moved in. Gu Zhongyi was the dean of the Joint University. In the spring of the next year, Li Denghui, the president of Fudan University who stayed in Shanghai, was invited to visit his relatives in Shanghai as the director of the Foreign Language Department of Fudan Shanghai cram school. Under the leadership of the Shanghai local organization of the Communist Party of China, he actively participated in the drama activities of the isolated island period in Shanghai. He successively organized and joined the Shanghai drama society, Shanghai Art Troupe and national drama troupe. He created and adapted the scripts of the isolated island men and women, Liang Hongyu, biography of eight immortals, three thousand gold, Narcissus, love and conspiracy, the beginning of man, a dream of Red Mansions, birds and beasts in clothes, and cooperated with Fei Mu and Huang zuolin adapted and directed the play Begonia. When Shanghai Drama Club performed the drama "Mei luoxiang" for the first time, it received a threatening letter from the puppets, which contained a pistol bullet. Gu Zhongyi remained unmoved and insisted on Anti Japanese and national salvation drama activities.

After the victory of the Anti Japanese War, Fudan University moved back to Shanghai. Gu Zhongyi continued to be a professor, and participated in the preparation of the Shanghai Drama and Film Association and the Shanghai Branch of the China Association for literary and art. In October 1945, with Li Jianwu, Huang zuolin, Zhang Junxiang, Wu Renzhi and others, he founded Shanghai experimental drama school as the president. In the spring of 1947, in order to protest against the white terror created by the Kuomintang, he and Hong Shen, Chen Wangdao and Zhang zhirang organized the Fudan professors' meeting, and was elected as the director of the preparatory meeting, drafted the constitution, issued the strike declaration, and fought against the reactionary authorities. Later, under the direction of the Shanghai local organization of the Communist Party of China, he went to Hong Kong with Ouyang Yuqian to avoid the persecution of the Kuomintang. In Hong Kong, at the invitation of Ouyang Yuqian and bu wancang, he was a screenwriter of Yonghua film company. He was enthusiastic about local progressive cultural activities and was elected as the supervisor of the Hong Kong Federation of literary and art circles in 1948. In February 1949, he left Hong Kong for Peiping to attend the first national conference of literary and artistic workers. After the meeting, Gu Zhongyi was employed as a screenwriter of the Central Film Bureau. As a screenwriter, he took part in the southward movement of four fields and went to Guangxi with the army. In 1950, he was transferred to the Shanghai Municipal Bureau of culture and served successively as deputy director of the film industry management department and deputy director of the art department. He has done a lot of work for the new China's drama and film industry. In 1956, he was elected as the director of the Chinese Dramatist Association. Later, he successively served as the vice chairman of the Shanghai Film Association and the director of the Shanghai Federation of literary and art circles. In 1957, he was transferred to Shanghai drama academy as a professor of drama literature department. In 1958, the drama "red flag fluttering" (co authored), which reflects the new socialist fashion, was staged in Beijing and won high praise from all walks of life.

Honors

During his teaching in Shanghai drama academy, Gu Zhongyi successively offered such courses as Western European drama history, introduction to Screenwriting, analysis of famous dramas, research on writers' works, introduction to drama, etc. In 1963, he completed his inductive academic treatise on drama theory research, screenwriter theory and skills (now called: self cultivation of screenwriter), which is widely spread in China's drama circles. In 1984, he won the National Award for excellent works of drama theory.

Other works

In addition, he has also written plays such as "the way to make money", translated plays such as "selected British and American one act plays", and novel collections such as "little satire of life" and "death of paradise".

Chinese PinYin : Gu Zhong Yi