Ban Gu

Ban Gu

Ban Gu (32 - 92 years), Meng Jian, Fufeng An Ling (now Shaanxi Xianyang Northeast China, famous in Eastern Han Dynasty historian , Litterateur 。 Ban Gu's birth Confucianism Family, father Ban Bi Uncle Class heir All of them were famous scholars at that time. Under the influence of his father, Ban Gu, who was nine years old, was able to write poems, read poems and Fu, and entered the Imperial Academy sixteen years ago. He was well versed in Confucian classics and history.

In thirty years (54 years), ban Biao died, and Ban Gu came from Beijing. Luoyang When he moved back to his hometown, he began to work on his biography of Biao Biao. Ban Chao Write together The History of the Han Dynasty After class Give up civilian pursuits to join the army Ban Gu continued to write, which lasted for more than twenty years and was basically completed in junior high school. Emperor He of Han Yong yuan First year (89 years), general general Du Xian Northern Expedition Xiongnu Ban Gu went on the march with the army. Guard troops In line, Lang Lang will be involved in a major military incident. Bei Shan Yu Later I wrote the famous " Yan Yan Shan Yan Ming " After the death of Ban Gu, he died in prison. He was sixty-one years old.

Ban Gu wrote quite well in his life. As a historian, Han Shu is a continuation of the book. Redords of the Grand History of China After that, another important historical book in ancient China was "one of the first four histories". Ban Gu, as a Fu of Ci Fu, is "an important historical book". Four masters of Han Fu "One of the" Two capital Fu "Created an example of the capital of the capital, included in the first article of Wen Xuan; at the same time, Ban Gu was also a Confucian theoretician. Bai Hu Tong ", which was the great achievement of Confucian classics at that time. Divination Theology Theorization and codification.

Paul Mauriat's History

Learning in Luoyang

Ban Gu came from a Confucian family, and he received education from his father and child at an early age. Edification At the age of nine, he could read Fu. Ban Gu's father Ban Bi At that time, he was a well known scholar. Many people came to worship him or study knowledge with him. Influenced by his father's friends and scholars, Ban Gu widened his horizons and made great progress in his studies. Ban Biao continued to write in his old age. Redords of the Grand History of China Influenced by his father, Ban Gu also began to pay attention to Han affairs. Twenty years (44 AD). Wang Chong Visiting Luoyang in the capital and visiting Ben Biao, I appreciate Ban Gu's talents and aspirations. I think Ban Gu will be able to accomplish the important task of writing Han Dynasty in the future.

With the growth of age, Ban Gu was not satisfied with the family education of Confucian family. In order to further his studies, Ban Gu entered Luoyang at the age of sixteen. Tai Xue Learning, here, he studied hard, through all kinds of classics, regardless of Confucianism or other hundred schools of thought, can study deeply, at the same time, pay attention to knowledge, do not stick to one teacher's opinion, do not stay in the notes of pronunciation, meaning, and branches, but ask to pass through the great meaning of classics. This is a very important condition for him to grow into a good history in the future. Here, Ban Gu became acquainted with Cui Yan. Li Yu , Fu Yi Waiting for a group of students. Because Ban Gu's disposition is tolerant and easy-going, approachable, and not proud of his outstanding ability, he has been praised by his classmates and scholars. When Ben Biao died, although Ban Gu was only twenty-three years old, he already had very high cultural accomplishment and writing ability.

Raise a virtuous and seek an official career

Jian Wu Thirty years (54 AD), ban Biao died, because his father died after the birth of difficult, Ban Gu had to move back from the capital of Luoyang to Fufeng's hometown. From the capital of the imperial family to the status of the civilian in the countryside, this is a heavy blow to Ban Gu, who is highly motivated. But he was not discouraged. His determination to inherit his father's unfinished business has not changed. Ban Gu believed that his father had already compiled part of the biography of Shiji, which was not detailed enough, and the layout had yet to be improved. Thus, on the basis of his father's "biography of Shiji", he began to write the book of Han Dynasty on the basis of rich books stored in his home, and actively sought opportunities for official career.

Yongping The first year of the year (58 AD) Emperor Ming of Han Appoint the king of Dongping Liu Lan by title of cavalry general He was allowed to use forty assisting officials. Ban Gu thought it was a good opportunity to take office. In order to actively recommend talents, he also wrote a play to show his insight and talent. ( Wang Cang in Dongping " ) 。 Ban Gu's self recommendation was not successful, but his recommendation for talent was largely adopted by Liu Cang.

Private history

In Yongping five years (AD 62), when Ban Gu wrote his book Han Shu with all his might, some people wrote to the court about Ban Gu's "private history of national history". Han Ming emperor's imperial edict was captured by Fufeng County, and Ban Gu was sent to Jing Chao prison. The manuscript was also checked by the government. The charge of private history is very large. Fellow County Su Lang He was accused of forgery of a prophecy and was quickly executed after being imprisoned. Faced with this grim situation, Ben's family was very nervous and afraid of Ban Gu. Ban Gu's brother Ban Chao Worried that Ban Gu was forced to do so by the County Department, he could not express his words. He mounted the fast horse and rushed to Luoyang. He intended to write the Emperor Han Ming emperor to make up for Ban Gu's grievances.

Ban Chao's horse riding Huayin He went over to Tongguan and rushed to the capital city of Luoyang to pay attention to Ban Gu's grievances, which caused Han Ming emperor's attention to this case. Ban Chao gave his father and his two generations decades of hard work in history and the intention to publicize "Han de". All of them told Han Ming emperor, and the Fufeng Sheriff sent his manuscript to Beijing. Ming emperor read the manuscript and marveled at Ban Gu's talent. He praised the manuscript he wrote as a miracle. He ordered the immediate release and was called into the Royal School of Luoyang, Kyoto. History of Lantai In charge of Royal books.

History of edicts

Ban Gu was worshipped as " History of Lantai "Ren" and "former Suiyang County Magistrate" Chen Zong Changling County Magistrate Yin min Si Li is engaged in

Meng Yi et al. Co compiled the Eastern Han Dynasty. emperor guangwu The story of Shi Shu. Ban Gu and Chen Zong made concerted efforts to complete the compilation of "Shi Ji Ji Ji" and won praise from Ming emperor. Ban Gu was promoted to the "Lang" official because of his excellent efforts in Compiling "Shi Shu Ji Ji". ( School Book Lang ) He is responsible for sorting out Royal books.

Ban Gu continued to write the history of emperor Guang Wu, and wrote a hero in the Eastern Han Dynasty. Ping Lin The new city uprising army and Gong sun Shu Deeds Biographies , Bearing Twenty-eight articles. In this way, the records of emperor Guang Wu were almost complete. Later generations Dong Guan Han Ji The part of emperor Guang Wu. Dong Guan Han Ji is a contemporary history of the Eastern Han Dynasty. Emperor Huan, Ling Di, and Emperor Zhu had been renewed. Ban Gu made an important contribution during his founding period and made a good start.

When Ban Gu arrived in Beijing, his younger brother chao chao and his mother came to Luoyang. Because of their poor families, ban Chao made a living by copying government documents. After Ban Gu was appointed as Lang Guan by Han Ming Di, although the rank was low, he had more opportunities to meet with Ming emperor. He was revealed by Ban Gu's literary talent and gradually got the favor of Emperor Han Ming. Later, Ming emperor asked Ban Chao to save Ban Gu's adventures. Ban Gu actually told him that Ming emperor appreciated Ban Chao's courage and eloquence very much, and felt that he was not appointed. It was a pity that he gave Ban Chao the "history of Lantai." During this period, Ban Gu's position was low, but it made Ban Gu get a more stable life. More importantly, he had the conditions to contact and make use of the Royal rich collection, which provided an important condition for his completion of Han Shu in the future.

Ban Gu wrote about the deeds of emperor and minister in the period of Guang Wu. He showed excellent talent and appreciated by Emperor Han Ming. In the light of Ban Gu's great aspiration to compile and write Han history, Han Ming emperor hopes to further publicize "Han de" by Ban Gu, so that he can continue to complete his historical books. Ban Gu's writing from Han Dynasty to the history of imperial edicts is a major turning point, which is a powerful impetus to the completion of Han Shu. From then on, Ban Gu not only had a relatively stable life, but also had the use of Royal books, and with the intention of Ming emperor, his legality of history was confirmed and no longer needed to be frightened. Because of these conditions, Ban Gu began to write the whole history of his career.

People of literature and history

Ode to the east capital

After the establishment of the Eastern Han regime, the capital city of Luoyang was dredged to protect the moat and to repair the walls of the Ming Dynasty. However, in the middle of Guanzhong, the gentry still cherish the capital of the Western Han Dynasty. Changan It is wrong to expect Luoyang to move back to Changan. Ban Gu thought that Luoyang was more suitable and did not want to move to the city to disturb the public. Two capital Fu "Praising the beauty of the scale of Luoyang in the eastern capital", and praising the merits of emperor Guang Wu's moving to Luoyang and Zhongxing Han Dynasty from the perspective of etiquette and law, and advocating the suitability of Luoyang's capital building, so as to refute the untimely discussion of people in Guanzhong and clarify the vague understanding of people.

On Qin's death

In Yongping seventeen years (74 years), Han Ming emperor summoned Ban Gu. Jia Qu , Chi Meng People wait for the Yunlong gate of the palace to discuss " Redords of the Grand History of China · Qin Shihuang's discipline In Sima Qian's praise, there was no mistake. Ban Gu pointed out a mistake in court. After he came out of the palace, Ban Gu further explained his understanding of Qin's death and wrote the historical commentary. Qin Ji theory It reveals the inevitability of the Qin Dynasty's history.

Firm ambition

In Yongping eighteen years (75 years), Han Ming emperor was killed. Liu Wei Accession is for Emperor Zhang of Han 。 Emperor Han Zhang also had great interest in Confucian classics, so Ban Gu was more valued. He was often taken into the palace and studied with the emperor. Zhang every time he went out to patrol, he always accompanied Ban Gu and offered poems and songs to help him. The court had important events, and Ban Gu was also present to participate in the discussion of the minister.

Although Ban Gu was knowledgeable and knowledgeable, he realized that his father and son were brilliant in the two generation, but could not be distinguished from the world. He was still not allowed to get promoted at forty. Dongfang Shuo , Yang Xiong Complained in the article that he failed to catch up. Su Qin , Zhang Yi In the era, it was written as " Answer bin Opera Article 1. In the form of questions and answers, the article expresses its own anguish and emotion, and from the positive refutation of the idea and depression that it is not supposed to have, encourages itself to strengthen its ambition and strive for it in accordance with its established goals. The whole article is ingenious in design, elegant in style and profound in reasoning.

When Zhang read, he appreciated Ban Gu's brilliance and realized that Ban Gu was not in the right place for a long time. Xuanwu Sima 。

Ban Gu is here again. Sima Xiangru " Feng Chan "Yang Xiong" Mei Xin On the basis of " Allusion Narrates Han de. In this paper, Ban Gu systematically evaluated "two Sima". Sima Xiangru , Sima Qian This article mainly takes four sentences as the main form, forming the rudiment of the 46 sentences afterwards.

Bai Hu Tong

Fourth year of construction (79 years), November Yang Zhong It is pointed out that at that time, due to the multiplication of Confucian schools, the divergence of interpretation was very great, which affected the dissemination and development of Confucian classics. The proposal should be called like Emperor Xuan of the Western Han Dynasty. Shi Qu Ge Conference In that way, an authoritative scholar will be summoned to speak on the five classics and to rule the righteousness.

Zhang Di adopted this proposal, and the next assembly of Confucian scholars. White tiger view Talking about the similarities and differences of the five classics, in order to promote Confucianism and Divination Theology Closely integrated, the meeting lasted more than a month before the end. Ban Gu to Historian Attendance at the meeting and record. After the meeting, he organized the minutes of the meeting according to the will of the emperor. Bai Hu Tong De theory " ( Bai Hu Tong ) The great achievement of Confucian classics at that time made theology and theory of divination become theoretical and codified.

The finished book of Han Dynasty

In the seventh year of the Han Dynasty (82 years), Ban Gu basically completed the book of Han Shu, which lasted for twenty-five years from the first year of Yongping (58 years), and realized the wishes of the two generation of father and son. The whole book describes from dynastic title of Liu Bang At the beginning, to Xiao Ping usurper who founded the Xin dynasty The deeds of twelve generations of emperors who were killed in two hundred and thirty years, including spring and autumn There are one hundred articles in the examination, the table, the Zhi, and the biography. After the publication of "Han Shu", it was emphasized by scholars and scholars scrambled to read it.

Northern Huns

Ban Gu wrote the book of Han Dynasty for a long time. Although it was appreciated by emperors and some scholars, it was only a history of Lantai. School Book Lang Sima, a small official like Xuanwu. Therefore, Ban Gu is also waiting for the opportunity to make contributions. The North sent the envoys to the tributaries, intending to be friendly, and Zhang Di interrogated all the officials. Ban Gu analyzed the current situation of the Han Dynasty and suggested that the Huns should be promoted to publicize hande. (that is, " Xiongnu and pro Qin ) 。

Zhang He In two years (88 years), Zhang emperor died. Emperor He of Han Accession to the throne is only ten years old. Dou Tai Hou Facing the Dynasty Du Xian by Waitresses Control power. Dou Xian is domineering and domineering and ignores court laws. After the assassination of king Qi's son Liu Chang He was arrested and sent to the army for the northern expedition. Xiongnu Redemption. At that time, the Hun was divided into two parts, North and south. Southern Xiongnu Pro Han, North Huns anti Han. Just south Huns asked the Han Dynasty to send troops to wipe out the northern Huns. The court appointed Dou Xian as title of a commanding general With a golden rule Gong bin For vice The five school of the North Army Twelve Knights of Li Yang, Yong Ying and edge border, and ancient nationality in West China Soldiers come out.

Yong yuan In the first year (89 years), Ban Gu was fifty-eight years old. The ban family has always had the experience of dealing with frontier affairs, so Ban Gu also wanted to gain fame through the meritorious service on the frontier. When Ban Gu was informed that he was appointed general and the great army attacked the Xiongnu, he decided to vote in the constitution. Chinese guards Take part in military consultation.

military merits that deserve to be engraved in stone

Dou Xian and Geng bin Ge are four thousand rider and South Hun. Wang Gu Li Wang Teacher Speed riding Shuo Fang Chicken deer stopper (now Inner Mongolia) Dengkou County In the northwest of the krash Valley, the troops were sent to the south of the Tu River, and all of them were riding from Manyi Valley (now Inner Mongolia). Guyang County ) send out troops; General Du Liao Deng Hong And qianghu eight thousand riding on the border area. Zuo Xian Wang Anguo Wan Wan dispatched troops from the pian Yang plug (Guyang county). The three army is on the road. Zhuo Xie Shan ( Altai Mountains East pulse.

Dou Xian life, vice captain, Yan pan, Sima Geng Kui Equal rate more than 10000. Ji Luo Shan Fighting and breaking up enemy troops. The enemy fled and fled alone. Dou constitution pursued the whole army until the private canal ratio. Hai Hai (Lake OBU). In this campaign, a total of more than 13000 officers and men were killed, and more than 100 million horses, cattle, sheep and camels were captured. The number of descending persons was eighty-one and around about two hundred thousand. Dou Xian and Geng Bingsuideng Yan Ran Shan (now in Mongolia) Hang AI Shan ), for more than three thousand miles, stone carving and Khan Wade were used to make Ban Gu, a Chinese guard. Ban Gu wrote Yan Yan Shan Yan Ming "In the words of the king, he said," the master of the king of the river is a descendant of the barbaric emperor, who has been fighting against the brutal and cruel ways of cutting off the sea. " Both of them had friends in the world. After Ban Gu entered the shogunate office, he presided over the brush and ink and became closer to Dou Xian. General Dou Northern Song To sing the praises of Dou Xian Bei and the Xiongnu.

Yong yuan Two years (AD 90), the northern Huns. Shan Yu The prince sent a notice to Dou Xian, requesting a courtier to the Han Dynasty, and wanted to see in Beijing. After asking for instructions, Ban Gu and Liang Feng sent hundreds of people out. Ju Yan Si (now Ejinaqi, Inner Mongolia) welcome. At this time, the South alone in the book Hatin, proposed to take the opportunity to eliminate. Bei Shan Yu Then the north and South Huns merge to the Han Dynasty. Hanting agreed, so the South alone in the great defeat of Shan Yu, Bei Shan was seriously injured and fled. Ban Gu and others went to the private canal and turned back. Dou Xian thought that the north side was weak and wanted to take the opportunity to exterminate it completely. The next year, the army of the Dou Xian took the lead in the attack, and made a five thousand mile attack. Golden Weishan Big break Northern Xiongnu The main force, the decapitation of more than 5000 thousand, the captive North alone in the empress dowager, North alone fled, disappeared, and his country died.

Victimization of grievance

Ban Gu went to Dou Xian after he was hunted by the Xiongnu. Shogunate 。 At this time, because of the good deeds of the Xiongnu, the great prestige of the Huns and the numerous hearts, the officials were determined to advance and retreat. Servant of Shang Shu Cheng Shou, Lohui Due to his dissatisfaction, he was forced to commit suicide one after another.

In the four year of Yong yuan (92 AD), Dou constitution plotted the rebellion, was dismissed and was forced to commit suicide after he returned to the fief. Ban Gu is closely related to Dou Xian. Implicate He was also removed from office. Luoyang has a long grudge against Ban Gu. After the murder of Dou Xian, he took the opportunity to commit crimes and framed them. Ban Gu was imprisoned and died in prison in the same year. He was sixty-one years old.

When the emperor learned that Ban Gu was dead, the lower imperial court condemned the bad practices of a kind of fear of public revenge and executed the warder who killed Ban Gu.

Main achievements

The History of the Han Dynasty

Main entry: The History of the Han Dynasty "

The book of Han is followed by Redords of the Grand History of China After that, another important historical book in ancient China was created. Biographical biography Dynastic history Of

New style, and Shiji, Post Han script "," Romance of the Three Kingdoms It is also called " Four previous histories " The book chronicles the first year of the Han Dynasty (206 BC). New dynasty usurper who founded the Xin dynasty The four years of the Emperor (AD 23), a total of 230 years of history. "Han Shu" has made great breakthroughs in the construction of the book system. The rules and regulations are clear and the style is neat and reasonable, making it easier for people to follow the example and open the end of the official history.

Han Shu is also an important literary work. It is another example of the biographical literature after the historical records. By describing the deeds of various characters in the Western Han Dynasty, the Han Dynasty fully displayed the prosperity and spirit of the Western Han Dynasty, and made great achievements in narration and writing. In terms of artistic characteristics, Han Shu attaches importance to rules and regulations, and is careful and strict in writing. In the process of plain description, it contains praise and derogatory, foreshadowed good and evil, and has a very precise sense of propriety.

geography

In the official history, the special geographical records began with Ban Gu's book "geography of Han Shu". Ban Gu's geographical view and his book "the history of Han Shu" were imitated by the historical geography, national records and local chronicles of later generations. Ancient Chinese Geography The development has had a profound impact. At the same time, Ban Gu completed the first case. Evolution geography Works for later generations Evolution geography The vigorous development has played a catalytic role. In addition, Han Shu also recorded a lot of natural and human geography data at that time. In particular, we focus on geographical records and Groove aspiration "And" biographies of the western regions "and other items are valuable materials for studying the geography of the Han Dynasty.

bibliography

"Han Shu Yi Wen Zhi" has verified the origins of various academic schools, and cataloged all kinds of books collected in the Western Han Dynasty. It is the earliest book catalogue in China and has great value in Chinese academic history. It has inherited the classification system of the six points method of "seven Lue". Catalogue of historical records As a whole, after the history of history, there will be "Arts and literature" and "classics", which will make important contributions to the development of classical bibliography in China.

literature

Fu

In addition to Han Shu, Ban Gu is an excellent writer of Fu. His creative activities are mainly embodied in his advocacy. Bulk prose His masterpiece "two capital Fu" is a large scale, distinctive feature, outstanding achievement and the greatest influence in the works of Du Luo and Du Yong (namely Changan). metropolis fu The paradigm has a direct impact. Zhang Heng " Two Jing Fu And Zuo Si " san du fu The creation of Xiao Tong " An anthology This is the first one.

In the way of expression, the past bulk prose is complied with the performance principle of "persuading one hundred irony". "Two capital Fu" has changed the traditional mode of expression, which is quite different from that of the satirical space. The second part of Dong Du Fu is an allegory and inducement, showing a more progressive view of Beijing. This is a great breakthrough in the relationship between Fu's artistic expression and textual structure, and has also promoted the development of literary thought in the Han Dynasty. In addition, Ban Gu wrote the deeds of Du Xian for the Xiongnu Ji Gong. Yan Yan Shan Yan Ming It has been widely read and used as a common allusion.

Poetry

Ban Gu was a scholar who created five or seven character poems earlier in the Eastern Han Dynasty. He agreed with these two new styles of poetry and made a useful attempt. To a large extent, Ban Gu wrote five or seven character poems in the way of historians. his Five character poem "History", although "quality wood without articles", It is the earliest complete complete five character poem of literati. It is also the first truly historical poem in the history of poetry, opening the poem entitled "history".

On Novels

In the Han Shu Yi Wen Zhi, Ban Gu put the novelists at the end of the ten families, with a total of 4324 novels. The novels accounted for 1380, the most numerous novels. This is the beginning of the novel's description in historians. Ban Gu believed that "fiction is a street talk, which is collected by novelists and become a family statement". It is clearly pointed out that novels are originated from folklore. This is an authoritative interpretation and evaluation of historians and bibliography experts. It has standardized and influenced the cognition and writing of novels in the later generations, and has played an inestimable functional value in the past two thousand years.

Major works

Ban Gu wrote quite well, besides Han Shu and Bai Hu Tong Yi. Allusion "," Should be ridiculed "And" poetry, Fu, Ming, song, song, Shu, Wen, Ji, "theory,", "six words" and so on more than 40, "Sui Shu Jing Ji Zhi" has "Ban Gu collection" 17 volumes, has been scattered. Ming Zhang Pu A collection of "Ben LAN Tai Ji". Ding Fu Bao A collection of "Bangmeng Jian Ji".

Character evaluation

Zhang Fu The world's theory of Sima Qian and Ban Gu's merits and demerits is more than solid ones, while others think they are missing, they are moved to write, and they are about words and deeds. They only have five hundred thousand words in three thousand years, and eight hundred thousand things in Ban Gu's two hundred years. Good history tells good things, good enough to award advice, evil enough to supervise and control, often humane. No matter how small the middle stream is, it is not as good as two. It is not as good as three to destroy the chao chao and to harm the loyal ministers. Migration is different from creation, consolidation and continuity. He was moved to Su Qin, Zhang Yi, Fan Ju and Cai Ze, and his words were separated from him. Therefore, the remark is full of rhetoric, and the real records are hidden in the core.

Fan Ye (1) Sima Qian, Ban Gu and his son, whose words were written by historian's official books, were full of righteousness. The speaker said that the two sons had the talent of good history. Moving the text is straight and the core is solid. (2) "solid wounds and migrating museums" can not be avoided by wisdom and death penalty. (3) two classes of Wei Wen, the emperor's tomb. Than liang Qian, Dong, Li Qing, Yun. The emperor knows his destiny, but he is obsessed with the world.

Zhong Rong Meng Cheng is the only one who flows away. Watching his history, there are exclamations.

Liu Xie Ban Gu, Fu Yi The article is in the middle.

Fu Xuan Meng Meng Jian's "Han Shu" is truly the masterpiece of the world.

Liu Zhi Ji : at the end of the west end, poor Liu's discarded Hing took up a generation and wrote a book. Words are refined, and things are secret.

Huang Tingjian It's very nice to read every page of the Han Dynasty book. For a long time no need to irrigate the ancients, but the dust was born. A mirror is an ugly face, but a man is insipid in language.

Luo Bi Ban Gu's Xi Han Shu, elegant and detailed, is worthy of Ma's move. Later generations have done it.

Ling Yu Yan: ban Meng is strong and talented. Cheng Bu Zhi Wu, too.

Wei Zhen Wang There are six ancient and modern articles.

younger brother of Cheng Hao and forerunner of Zhu Xi The meaning of Meng Jian is revealed in the way of writing. Ben's article, also known as liberal art, is full of love.

Zhang Xue Cheng (1) Shi Liang, the first to move and consolidate; second, the neatly written book.

Zeng Guofan The ancients called Lide, meritorious service and lien as three immortals. Lide is the most difficult, since Zhou Han, rare German propagator. Meritorious service such as Xiao, Cao, Fang, Du, Guo, Li, Han, Yue, Liyan, such as horses, classes, Koreas, Europe, Li, Du, Su and Huang, how many people have there been in ancient and modern times?

Cai Dong Fan Ban Gu's literati, the party attached to the Dou Shi, began to kill himself; the only class was able to make contributions to foreign lands and eventually ended up being a marquis. A man should be inspired by himself. In the sense of excellence, there is no aspiration. We can see that if we are proud or dishonored, we will know how to live in the world.

Anecdote allusion

Related allusions: Scholars scorn each other ; Different from others , Be on a par with ; Write constantly

Fu Yi Both Ban Gu and he are famous literary historians in the Eastern Han Dynasty. Fufeng County People are very similar in their experiences. When Ban Gu was 16 years old, he went to Beijing to study in Luoyang, and became a classmate with Fu Yi. In Yongping five years (62 years), Ban Gu moved to Lang, Dian school secretary, and two people met in Luoyang, capital city.

During the Han Emperor Ming Dynasty, the gods and sparrows clustered. Ming emperor asked 100 officials to make "Ode to God". Ban Gu and Fu Yi offered praise to Han Ming emperor. Ban Gu opposed the move to Changan. Two capital Fu "Fu Yi also made" Luo Du Fu " Anti Du Fu " After emperor Zhang's accession to the throne, Zhao Fu Yi alternative title for the Han dynasty Two people became colleagues again. Fu Yi wrote ten pieces of Ode to the emperor of the Ming Dynasty. Ban Gu had a grievance in his heart. He was giving it to his younger brother. Ban Chao In the letter, sarcastically speaking, "Fu Yi can" write his own history as "Lan Tai", and he can not stop himself from writing, which leads to the eternal topic of "scholars are different from each other."

Emperor He of Han During this period, Dou Xianren title of a commanding general Please keep Fu Yi in mind. Not long after, Dou Xiansheng's grand general took Fu Yi as Sima and Ban Gu as the central guard. At this point, the two became colleagues again, praising the achievements of the northern expedition. In the shogunate, Ban Gu and Fu Yi were reused by Dou Xian, hoping to make achievements one day. Not long after Fu Yi died, Ban Gu was also there. Yong yuan In four years, he was killed in prison because of his rebellion.

Fu Yi, a literary historian in the Eastern Han Dynasty, praised the world and was equal to Ban Gu. Wang Chong recorded the people's comment in "Heng Heng": "it is the history of Lantai, Ban Gu, Jia Kui, Yang Zhong Fu Yizhi, the name of Xiang Wen Mei. In the Three Kingdoms period, Cao Pi In " Literary theory He also said, "Fu Yizhi's ears are between Ban Gu."

A burial

Main entry: Tomb of Ban Gu

Tomb of Ban Gu is located in Lang Dian village, Taibai village, Fufeng City, Baoji City, Shaanxi province. According to the records of Fufeng County chronicles in Ming and Qing Dynasties, there are walls around the tomb of Ban Gu, in the cemetery.

There are Shiyang, Hua Biao, and so on. Until the early liberation stage, the tomb still had a considerable scale. In 1956, the Shaanxi Provincial People's government listed it as a key cultural relic protection unit at the provincial level. stay Three years of natural disasters During the period, because of the need for land reclamation and construction, the wall of the cemetery was demolished, and the garden tables, stone sheep, and supply cases disappeared. The tomb was reduced to a small yellow pack. In 1982, the provincial government issued a document to redefine the protection scope of Ban Gu's tomb, which epitaxial 30 meters. In 2007, stolen holes and backfill were found around Ban Gu's tomb. The area of Ban Gu's tomb is only about 20 square meters.