Yuejiaquan

Yuejiaquan

Yuejiaquan is one of the traditional Chinese boxing which has been handed down completely in China. It was founded by Yue Fei, a national hero, according to his own learning and combating with the enemy in actual combat. It is said to be the mother boxing of Neijiaquan Xingyi, which has been handed down for more than 800 years.

On June 7, 2008, Yuejiaquan was listed in the second batch of national intangible cultural heritage list with the approval of the State Council.

Introduction to Yuejiaquan

Yuejiaquan was created by Yue Fei, a national hero of the Song Dynasty. It was first used in military training and combat. After a long period of time, it has been continuously enriched, perfected and reorganized, and has formed a complete system. Yuejiaquan has been going on for hundreds of years and can be spread to the world. It is inseparable from its unique style and characteristics.

According to Yue's genealogy, Yue Fei's descendants have been handed down in Wuxue of Hubei Province for thirty-three generations, with more than 2,000 descendants. Since the Song Dynasty, the Yuejiaquan family has been practicing Yuejiaquan uninterruptedly, and the original score of Yuejiaquan is retained in the "Yuejiaquan genealogy", which is a part of Yuejiaquan genealogy. In 1986, Yue Jin, a descendant of Yue Fei and biographer of Yue Jiayi, donated Yue Jia's ancient boxing score to the country, leaving only copies of his own, which unveiled the mystery of Yue Jia's boxing. At the same time, Yue Fei-ai's descendants of Zhang Bao also thrived in the inheritance of Yuejia Quan. According to the ancestral precepts, Zhang Bao's family learned to practice Yuejia Quan from generation to generation. Together, they initiated the important task of inheriting Yuejiaquan.

After efforts, Yuejiaquan has been awarded the national intangible cultural heritage by the Ministry of Culture (see the second batch of catalogues).

The inheritance and protection units are: Wuxue City, Hubei Province.

Boxing routines

Yuejiaquan was born in the army. It was specially designed for soldiers to fight and kill enemies, so it is famous for its actual combat. Yuejiaquan pays attention to practicality in every move and style, and does not pursue the deliberate beauty of flower rack and appearance. The main boxing routines handed down are: one-character boxing, two plum blossoms, three-door stakes, four-door frame, five-way, six-way, seven stars, eight-way, nine-link and cross stakes. Ten sets of boxing methods from easy to difficult, step by step, and each set of movements are simple and natural, compact, rhythmic, concise and easy to learn. Any one of them can be used in practice for practitioners. For example, "flying basket", "Tian Luo net", "Zhou Cangkang grain" and other techniques are the essence of Yue Jia boxing.

Stylistic features

selective focus

Although Yuejiaquan moves simple, simple and convenient, walking straight to and fro, but still pay attention to reality, there are seven empty seven solid theory. Seven empty things are moving but empty, changing is empty, working is empty, music is empty, short is empty, rigid is empty, retreat is empty; seven solid things are static but real, leisure is real, straight is real, regular is real, long is real, soft is real, advance is real; and the same method depends on the situation, virtual and real changes. Yuejiaquan is characterized by punching the land where cows lie, advancing and retreating, stretching and bending, and combining ups and downs. It says, "Floating like clouds out of axes, sinking like stones throwing into rivers". The attack of Yuejiaquan is mainly "cloud and fog throwing", "five peaks" and "six elbows". Defense rules are characterized by "swallowing piles", "breaking circles" and "brushing". Up and down defense, grab the middle line, attack left and right. One move, one attack, one defense; one move, one catch. Attack is in every defense, attack is in defense. Sometimes they win with courage and give up their lives; sometimes they control people with skill, true or false, false or real, fast and changeable, flexible and flexible. Yuejia's boxing method is simple, but it can be regarded as a stunt, the so-called "one hit and kill". Because of its specific historical background, Yuejiaquan requires "not to show mercy, not to show mercy", among which "single-knife banquet, surrender dragons and surrender tigers" is the most outstanding skill.

Unique footwork

All boxing without footwork is ineffective. As the saying goes, "It's easy to punch, but difficult to walk." If you're not steady, you're chaotic. If you're not fast, you're slow. The footwork of Yuejiaquan is characterized by both left and right footsteps. The main rule of footwork is willow leaf pile. Willow leaf pile requires that "the back foot is tight, the front foot is loose, not to mention authentic; the progress is fast, the stake is stable, the eyes are close to its chest". This footwork is firm and defensive, so as to break through the opponent's sudden attack, and easy to move, quick and agile, not chaotic, to retreat into progress, good at attack, good at attack and defense. In the fierce and ever-changing attack, footwork is the basis. Only by mastering footwork skillfully first, can we make ourselves in a favorable position in attack and defense under any circumstances. Yuejia Quan genealogy: "Foot in the middle of the door to seize the position, left and right defense stable win." In the practical application of Yuejiaquan, offense and defense are more aggressive and less legged. The technique is flexible, unpredictable, fast, short path is a major feature, so boxing is famous for short fight. The techniques of Yuejiaquan include one gun, two fingers disability and so on. A gun is used to click on a person's key point, and the victim will not die or be injured. Second finger disability is fast and accurate, hit the opponent's eyes directly. In addition, there are cloud hand, throwing hand, stealing peach hand and other techniques. The most representative movements are "double pendulum lotus in the wind" and "two bodyguards in the cloud and fog". In addition, in boxing, "elbows are not exposed, legs cannot afford, elbows are exposed, legs are caught, and legs are dropped", so the requirements of leg method are not higher than waist. But when dealing with the offensive legs, its defense has its own unique skills. The main legs to prevent the upper three-way attack are elbow and shoulder, body flashing and swallowing, while the legs to prevent the lower three-way attack are good at blocking and blocking kicks.

Pneumatic force

Yuejiaquan pays attention to breath conditioning, "Qi is full of strength". When practicing, stress should be laid on the idea of inspiration, the handsome shape and the power of inspiration. Inhalation and exhalation are combined between movements. When inhaling, breath should be stored in Dantian field, and the gas should be full, so as to keep the gas in a dull state; when exhaling, breath should be exhausted, and the movement should be coordinated between the front and back, and the movement should be consistent and natural. In most cases, the defense is to store gas, while the offense is to urge force.

Internal and external part-time training is one of the main purposes of practicing Yuejiaquan. If we only pursue the strength of the shape and neglect the internal conditioning, we will put the cart before the horse and get twice the result. Only by doing so from inside to outside, can we have sufficient vitality, grand physique, agile movement and solid strength, so as to achieve the unity of inside and outside, heart-shaped follow-up, type disconnection.

Yuejiaquan also pays attention to ideas, and has higher requirements in the daily conversation of sleeping, eating and doing. Practitioners are required to respond appropriately to various attacks under any circumstances. I sleep in bed, like people standing before me, think about his hand and foot movement, I push and pull; I travel, like people fighting with me, like his hands, my hands are not merciless; I eat before a banquet, like people and our enemies, suddenly his hands come, I feel compelled to absorb; I talk with people, fear that people will stick to the mutilation, my heart first guard against, people difficult to come on. Difficult."

Yue's descendants tell about Yuejiaquan

In 1132 (the first year of Gaozong Shaoxing in the Southern Song Dynasty), he was the envoy of the Yangtze River and Huaihe River, who led the army to fight against the Jin Dynasty and turned to the eastern part of Hubei Province. He lost two battles, Li Cheng and Zhang Yu, and then went to Hongzhou, leaving four sons to guard Huangmei. After the death of Feizu, the second ancestors of Zheng and Ting lived in the Huangmei Mountains, and many generals of Yuejia Army worked in Huangmei Mountain. Jiaquan has been passed down here from generation to generation, and its distribution area is centered on Huangmei Guangji, covering all counties in eastern Hubei, with many practitioners.

Its basic theory is to push, aid, seize, pull, hold, force and absorb the eight words as a method, pay attention to the throughput floating, the first pile of power spectrum clouds, swallow like a shrinking body, spit like a snake running, stock collision with the wind, light or heavy left-right points. Floating like clouds, sinking like stone throwing into the river, always looking around, sitting on legs to hide in the shadows, making efforts to speak of alarm and shaking, requiring hands to feet to breathe to the sound.

Its style is characterized by short and simple boxing, steady pile sinking, airy voice, multi-manipulation, less leg method, heavy skill and practical attack, a little palm, spiral palm, tiger cuddle fist and footwork, mainly feasting on chicken steps. Two legs bend, not eight, one to ten reflects the focus of immobility, equipment routines include Yuejia gun, hook gun, double mace, double hammer and so on. Much of the shooting methods include stabbing, blocking, holding, picking, splitting, hanging and collapsing. After holding the gun, they have fighting momentum, their boxing methods or training methods, sandbags, copyboards and palms, as well as home boxing Sanshou, home boxing single-handed.

Basic Skills Method

Yin and Yang of Buddhist Hand

1. Stand upright, feet slightly wider than shoulders, stand parallel, relax all over, adjust breathing, top of tongue and palate, intend to keep Dantian.

2. Raise your hands from both sides of your body to the upper part of your head and press them to Dantian area along the Ren pulse, with your back facing upward, ten fingers opposite, thumb clasped inside, arms tightly clasped around your ribs. Move up and breathe in at the same time, lift your mouth slightly, and then pour your heels into Dantian area after sucking in your feet. Push with all your strength, press your hands hard, and move your breath in Dantian until you can't stand it. Exhale all your breath.

3. The palms of both hands are raised upwards from the straight arms on both sides of the body to tens of thousands of fingers on the head, and down to Dantian along the Ren Meridian. The arms clasp the ribs of the body. At the same time, the mouth opens slightly, the breath feet are lifted to follow the shock, the whole body is vigorous and the teeth are clenched. The breath is exhaled when it runs through the abdomen until it can't stand it.

Functions: chest, abdomen, back and wings.

Renguidan Mountain

1. The body is upright, hands are straight on both sides of the body, feet are separated slightly wider than shoulders, standing parallel, the top of the tongue and palate, relaxing and adjusting breathing, intending to keep Dantian, eyes seem closed.

2. Put one end of the stick at the foot of the wall, the other end at the heart pit, mouth slightly open and suck enough air, lift heel and swallow Jin into Dantian, Dantian Qi lead to the heart pit, body center of gravity forward, two.

Hold the end of the stick in your hand, increase the top force of the heart socket, and transport the Qi to a little exhaled in the body. Gong Ying: Heart Point.

Note: Xinwo acupoint is one of the weakest acupoints in the 36 acupoints except the head and crotch acupoints. It is more vulnerable to injury. When Qi is transported to Xinwo acupoint, the strength of the crown stick should be gradual, and no excessive demand should be made to avoid injury.

King of Heaven Tower

1. The body is upright, hands are straight on both sides of the body, feet are separated slightly wider than shoulders, standing in parallel, the top of the tongue and palate, relaxing and adjusting Breathing all over the body, meaning to keep Dantian.

2. The palms of both hands are upward, the elbows of both arms are raised from both sides of the body to the armpits and then extended to both sides in a flat pole shape; while moving upward, the mouth opens slightly, sucks the heels to shake, injects Dantian, the teeth are clenched, the whole body is vigorous, Dantian's gas is secretly transported to both sides of the ten fingers at will, and the gas runs a little in the abdomen, and exhales with the mouth. 。

Gong Ying: Shuangyan into the hole, inside and outside Guan, palm.

Note: When air moves to Shuangyan Cave, Inner and Outer Pass and Palm Center, two caves of Shuangyan Cave should be closed. Two palms seem to hold up two ancient pagodas in Niangu.

Yuanhejie

1. Stand upright with hands hanging straight on both sides of the body, feet apart slightly wider than shoulders, stand parallel, stare at the top of the tongue, relax all over, adjust breathing, and intend to keep Dantian.

2. Hold the palms upward, straight buttocks from both sides of the body to tens of thousands of heads, ten fingers opposite, palms facing the sky; move upward with elbow mouth slightly open to inhale, suck enough to lift heel shocks, tighten the teeth after breathing Dantian, with all strength, breath in the abdomen running to the palms, and breathe out a little from the mouth.

Gong Ying: Two ribs, two legs, fountain.

Note: When Qi runs to two palms in the abdomen, the two palms are like jacks, and the elbows, arms, ribs and legs should be like a whole to bear the pressure of jacks together.

Jade Bone Top Center

1. Prepare a two-meter-long wooden stick (white wax stick is the best), stand facing the wall, feet slightly wider than shoulders, relax all over, adjust breathing, palate on top of tongue, intend to keep Dantian, anal lift.

2. Put one end of the stick at the foot of the wall and the other end at the heart pit. Open your mouth slightly and breathe in. Raise your heel and pour it into Dantian.

Gong Ying: Heart Point.

Note: Xinwo acupoint is one of the weakest acupoints in the 36 acupoints except the head and crotch acupoints. It is more vulnerable to injury. When Qi is transported to Xinwo acupoint, the strength of the crown stick should be gradual, and no excessive demand should be made to avoid injury.

Prodigal Boat Rowing

1. The body is upright, hands hanging on both sides of the body, feet slightly wider than the shoulders, standing parallel, the top of the tongue and palate, relaxing the whole body, adjusting breathing, intending to keep Dantian, anal lifting.

2. Hold hands palm upward, from both sides of the body on both elbows to the soft side of the body (i.e. under the ribs, above the hip) and breathe in slightly while moving up, breathing directly into Dantian to lift heel and shake heels, clench teeth, exert all strength, gently reverse the upper body to the left, and breathe in the body to run a little bit. Exhaust.

3. Move up immediately, breathe in slightly, lift heel after breathing in, grip teeth tightly, press the upper body slowly backward to the right, breathe a little in the body, breathe out with the mouth.

Gong Ying: Left and right soft hall.

Note: 1. The organization of the soft part of the human body is relatively weak, and the speed of success is slower than that of other parts. It is impossible to practice Kung Fu too quickly. (2) When practicing this part of gong, when the body is on the other side, Qi should run from Dantian to that side. At this time, it feels like there is an air drum inside the abdomen, and the palm outside the abdomen is used to push the force inside out.

Pig iron castings

1. The body is upright, with straight arms perpendicular to both sides of the body, feet slightly wider than shoulders, standing parallel, relaxing, adjusting breathing, palate on the top of the tongue, anal lifting, meaning to keep Dantian.

2. Inhale, clench your fists with both hands, center of fist inward, and bend your elbows from both sides of the body to the armpit.

3. Continuous upward movement, two punches each through the mountain point Henghuai to Renmai collision.

4. Continuous movement, two fists close to the chest and abdomen along the Ren pulse and slowly down to Dantian, a little, exhale.

Gong Ying: Two ribs, the top of the hill, Shanzhong, Dantian and the shoulder delay.

Note: 1. Qi moves along the route of two fists. When two fists travel to a certain part of the body, there is obvious gas induction in a certain part of the body. 2. When the breath is exhausted, the whole body will be energetic and relax until it is unbearable.

Zhang Fei Rolling Drum

1. Stand upright, with feet parallel to shoulders, hands naturally placed on both sides of the body, body relaxation, the top of the tongue, palate, anus up, mouth slightly open to breathe into Dantian, lift heel shocks, will breathe all over the body.

2. Hold your hands in solid fists, bend your elbows in front of your chest and back at the same time.

3. Push your hands down from both sides of your body, open your mouth slightly and exhaust your strength.

Function: chest and abdomen position.

Note: This work can be started with two palms, then with two fists, and finally with iron sandbags. The time of stupor (i.e. platoon time) can be from short to long, but we can not insist on long time of stupor.

Children worship Buddha

1. Stand upright with feet parallel to shoulder width, palate on top of tongue, body relaxed. After anal lifting and breathing adjustment, mouth inhaled Rendantian, palms raised from both sides of body to head Citrus Club (ten fingers facing up, palms facing each other) bent elbow and pressed down to chest.

2. Move up not only, the waist bends forward slowly, the palms stretch straight down, the fingertips touch the ground a little, exhale.

Gong Ying: Back, waist.

Note: At the beginning of this exercise, it is not necessary to force the finger to touch the ground in order to avoid injury to the waist.

Tigers scratch the ground

1. Stand upright, with feet slightly wide and shoulders parallel, relax all over, stare at the top of tongue, keep Dantian intentionally, adjust breathing, and raise anus.

2. Bend your legs, squat in front of your upper body, stretch your arms forward, and hang your hands straight to the ground.

3. Move up immediately. Stretch your arms forward about 0.17m. Ten fingers open to the ground.

4. Move up and breathe in Dantian. The body is fully bent, knees are stretched out side by side. The toes and fingertips load the whole body weight. The whole body is full of vigour, luck, arms, elbows are bent, and the whole body is thrown down (the chest is not close to the ground is appropriate).

5. Connect and move, and stretch your arms straight to support your upper body.

6. Gas in the abdomen line a little, upper body straight, knee bending squat will exhale.

Function: Two arms, whole body.

Iron lock throat

1. Stand upright with feet parallel to shoulder width. Relax the whole body, palate on the top of tongue, hands hanging naturally on both sides of the body, adjust the breathing after inhaling Rendantian.

2. Transport Dantian Qi up to neck, neck thick. Hold hands and punch the back neck.

3. Keep moving up and punch both sides of the neck.

4. Keep moving up, change your hands, and punch both sides of your neck with ten fingers.

5. Keep moving, flex thumb, ring finger and little finger of both palms, and poke them at pharynx and throat points with middle index finger.

Function: larynx.

Note: 1. When practicing this skill, the tip of the gun can be used to stab the throat. (2) Use chopsticks to fight against the throat and break it.

Ceiling of Tianmen Gate

1. Stand upright with feet parallel to shoulder width. On the top of the tongue, the hands droop naturally, the whole body relaxes and inhales Dantian.

2. Transport Dantian Qi along Ren vein to the head, clench the teeth, strengthen the head, clap the fist with both hands on Baihui Point.

3. Hold-in style, double-fist face close to two temples and press hard.

4. Join in the movement, move back with both fists and pat the back of the brain.

5. Push your palms down from both sides of your body and exhale your breath.

Gong Ying: Baihui, Sun, hindbrain.

Note: 1. When practicing this skill, don't beat the back of the head with both palms too quickly and step by step, from light to heavy. (2) After beating Baihui Point with two fists, with the increase of skill, head against wall, back with stick, waist with stick and abdomen with stick can be used.

Notes: 1. Keep practicing twice a day for more than 30 minutes each time. 2. Do not eat cold food during exercise. 3. Imprisonment within 100 days of practicing gong. 4. Strengthen nutrition and improve physical fitness.

Yuejiaquan Passes on

Zhang Yejin

As the 26th generation successor of Yuejiaquan, Zhang Yejin was awarded advanced workers of martial arts excavation and arrangement by Hubei Sports Bureau. He spent two years traveling over 400 natural villages in the city, visiting 276 old boxers over the age of 60, enriching the theory and practice of Yuejiaquan.

Zhang Yijin has moved Yuejiaquan to the stage of the opening ceremonies of the first Li Shizhen International Drug Festival in Hubei Province, the International Merchants Fair to commemorate the 900th anniversary of Yue Fei's birth in Henan Province, and the third Huanggang Sports Games. In September 2011, Guangxi Yongle Film and Television Media Company signed a shooting agreement with Hubei Wuxue Municipal Government, and the film Yuejiaquan will soon be put on the screen.

Yue Jiquan's "country spirit" has a long history and has the essence of all kinds of boxing, forming a unique style of attack and defense. Yuejiaquan originated in Shaolin and became Yuefei. It has been spreading for more than 800 years.

Kai-Ming Chang

Mr. Zhang Kaiming was born in 1958 in Xinxiang City, Henan Province, one of the birthplaces of Chinese Wushu. He practiced Wushu with his grandfather as a child and inherited the techniques of Yuejia's martial arts. He was proficient in Yuejia's martial arts, such as Yuejia's 18-gun, 36-gun and Yuejia. Home gun, Yuejia Six Combat Gun, Nine Step Thirteen Gun, Yuejia Six Combat Knife, Yuejia Six Combat Sword, Ape Qingquan, Yuejia Six Combat Boxing, Yuejia Thirteen Hands, Yuejia Xiaojiaquan, Yuejia Big Fist, Big Combat, Small Combat, Eighteen Luohan Pile, Seventy-two Character Gongfa, Mixed Yuan Pile, Yuejia Sanshou, etc.

Ye Zikui

The ancestor of Jinhua Yuejiaquan was Zhang Chunlin, Shaoting, Zhangjiapoung village of Qichun, Hubei Province. He was a member of Bailian Religion and a general martial arts instructor of the anti-Qing organization in the late Qing Dynasty. He was wanted by the local government of the Qing Dynasty. He walked in Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Jiangxi, Shandong and Anhui provinces under the cover of practicing medicine, public opinion and teaching boxing.

Zheng Kerong, a refined native of Jindongtang, was an apprentice in his village when he was over 10 years old. Influenced by the strong local customs, he visited teachers and practiced Shaolin Quan as a teenager. In 1888 (14th year of Guangxu in Qing Dynasty), 16-year-old Zheng Kerong worshiped Zhang Chunlin as a teacher, inherited Zhang Chunlin's boxing and medical skills, and then hung a pot to help the world, from which Yuejiaquan took root in Jinhua. Subsequently, around 1926, Zhu Guowei, a Fucun native of Jindong District, visited Mr. Zheng Kerong as a teacher to practice Sanshou and its instruments. He inherited and developed Zheng Kerong's Wushu theory and the idea of strengthening the country by practicing Wushu. He publicly imparted the first, second and third routes of Sanshou and the "Eight Mother Sticks" of the equipment routine.

Zheng Ruhuai, a 13-year-old grandson of Zheng Kerong, was taught by Zhu Guowei on behalf of Master Zheng. Under his grandfather's careful instruction, he inherited his boxing and medical skills in an all-round way. He studied his ancestral boxing and medical skills thoroughly and had unique opinions. In his later years, he devoted all his efforts to compiling Yuewumu Jushu Quan Publication, compiling a Book of his ancestral martial arts and his own understanding, so that this famous local boxing in Jinhua was handed down in the form of words, thus ending the single way of teaching Yuejiaquan, which for a long time could only be handed down orally and personally. Zheng Ruhuai passed on what he had learned all his life to Ye Zikui.