Li Folk Songs

Li Folk Songs

Folk songs play an important role in daily life. Almost all men, women and children can sing. Especially on festive days, singing is an indispensable recreational activity. In the daily production work, they also sing impromptuly. The content of folk songs is mostly love songs, such as "Anti-Marriage Song" is a long narrative song. There are labor songs, wedding songs, grand ceremonies, ghost songs and so on. Li folk songs can be divided into traditional old folk songs sung in Li language and folk songs sung in Hainan dialect, which are influenced by Han culture. Li Ge has a set of beautiful tunes, similar to singing tunes, such as "Luoli Tune" in Qiongzhong and Baoting Counties, and "Shui Man Tune" in Qiongzhong County.

In 2008, Li folk songs were approved by the State Council to be included in the second batch of national intangible cultural heritage list.

historical origin

The Li people live in Tongshi Town, Baoting, Ledong, Dongfang, Qiongzhong, Baisha, Lingshui, Changjiang and Guanxian on Hainan Island. They are a branch of the ancient Baiyue people. The Li people have their own language. The Li language belongs to the Li branch of the Zhuang and Dong languages of the Sino-Tibetan language family. Because of long-term contact with the Han people, many Li people can speak Chinese at the same time. In the past, the Li people did not have their own written language and used Chinese characters. In 1957, they created the Latin-based Li language.

artistic characteristics

Characteristics of Li Folk Songs

Li folk songs are a gorgeous flower of art. People of Li nationality love to sing. Li folk songs can be divided into folk songs and folk songs. Folk ballads are sung in Li language and rhyme, mostly in traditional classical Li songs, usually with five syllables and one sentence, but there is no fixed number of sentences in each song. Generally, four sentences are used as one song in minors.

Li folk songs are mostly solo and duet. They are accompanied by Li's unique folk music. They are often combined with music and dance. They are composed of songs and songs. They have distinct national characteristics and strong ancient customs. They are rhythmic and easy to be praised by mouth. Li folk song is sung in Hainan dialect and Li rhyme. It is a new Li song derived from the development of Li society and the exchange and integration of other national cultures. Generally, there are seven sentences, one sentence and four sentences, which are called "four sentences songzi". The longer narrative poems are four sentences and one section. They are continued in many sections. In addition to solo and duet singing, there are Qi Zeng, rotation, chorus and accompaniment of musical instruments. Li's ballads are rich in imagination, appropriate in metaphor, rigorous in structure, far-reaching in artistic conception and lively in use of Fu, Bi and Xing. Love songs, which are exquisite treasures in Li folk songs, are in large numbers. The Li people sing ballads, mainly on festive days, such as building new houses, holding weddings, Festival theatres, visiting relatives and friends and other occasions, usually men and women sing in pairs, often to the dawn. Especially in the traditional festival of "March 3rd" every year, young men and women gather in the hillside, with songs as the medium, to exchange feelings, pour out love and find couples. Usually in the production of labor, but also because of interest to sing a song, direct expression of feelings. In some family celebrations, respected elders often impromptuly sing all-inclusive "classical" Li Songs, which are sung all night long.

During the period of revolutionary war, Li folk songs developed again. It replaces the backward and passive parts of the original songs with the revolutionary content and high-spirited style, and becomes a weapon to educate the people to fight against the enemy. For example, Five Rivers on Wuzhishan expresses the strong revolutionary belief of the Li people with firm and optimistic mood and joyful lyrics. After listening, it makes people feel energetic and ambitious. Li singers emerge in an endless stream and emerge in batches. The most famous singers are those who conform to their virtues.

Li nationality musical instruments

The instruments of Li nationality are mainly folk ones. These instruments can be solo or accompanied. Among them, "Wow" (that is, "bamboo flute") is made of bamboo tubes of different lengths, 2 feet, 1 foot and a half, and 6 inches and 7 inches. The end of the blow is corked, leaving only one fifth of the air vent. The pore is partially like a crescent moon. There are six small holes on the front of the tube. When playing, the left and right hands press three phoneme holes respectively. As the fingers open or close, they can play eight intervals, such as 1234567i. It's loud and loud.

"Dongxiao" is made of rattan and bamboo poles. It is 1 inch thick and 4 feet long. There is a blow hole at the edge of the pipe head. The opposite side of the pipe pole is 1.5 feet away from the pipe head. The front side of the pipe pole is 1.5 feet away from the pipe head. There are three sound holes downward. It can be divided into vertical blowing and bamboo tube blowing. For vertical blowing, the tube head is covered with dew-pocket leaves to control the size and strength of blowholes; for small bamboo tubes, the blowholes are inserted with a 4-5 inch long bamboo tube with the thickness of a pen tube and wrapped with dew-pocket leaves. When playing, the left thumb holds the opposite phoneme hole, the middle finger holds the front first phoneme hole, and the right index finger and the middle finger holds the second and third phoneme respectively. From these four phoneme holes, 7 intervals, such as 1234567, are blown out. The tone is broad, melodious and full of life sentiment.

Lizu ballads, with their rich lyrics and various melodies, are both graceful and passionate. They reflect the simple, optimistic, honest and forthright character of the people of the Li nationality.