Firing Techniques of Jizhou Kiln Ceramics

Firing Techniques of Jizhou Kiln Ceramics

Jizhou kiln is a treasure of the traditional Chinese ceramic crafts. As a world-famous comprehensive ceramic kiln in Jiangnan (Ji'an, Jiangxi), it has strong local style and artistic characteristics of the Han nationality. The rich firing experience and skilled craftsmen of Jizhou kiln have played an important role in promoting the development of the porcelain industry in Jiangxi area. Jizhou ancient kiln rose in the late Tang Dynasty, flourished in the Song Dynasty and declined in the late Yuan Dynasty. It was named after the place. Because Yonghe was also governed by Dongchang County at that time, it was also named Dongchang kiln and Yonghe kiln. Jizhou kiln products are exquisite and rich, especially the black glazed porcelain (also known as Tianmu glazed porcelain) products. Its original "Wooden Leaf Tianmu", "Paper-cut and decals Tianmu" and "Tortoise Tianmu" are well known at home and abroad. Glaze spraying, Tiger Skin and Tianmu are also the landmark varieties of Jizhou kiln.

Bian Xianghe has known about Jizhou kiln in the development of Chinese ceramics. He pointed out that Jizhou kiln is of great significance in the development of Chinese ceramics. Jizhou kiln not only melts the porcelain making technology of Central Plains, but also paints the local human interest of Jizhou on the porcelain, and has new changes in the shape and mechanism of the porcelain, which makes Jizhou kiln an important category of Chinese ceramics and makes it ancient. Royal nobles in Europe and the Middle East fell in love with Jizhou Porcelain.

History of Jizhou Kiln

Jizhou kiln is one of the well-preserved ancient kiln sites in China. It began in the late Tang Dynasty, flourished in the Five Dynasties, the Northern Song Dynasty, flourished in the Southern Song Dynasty, and declined in the late Yuan Dynasty. It has a history of more than 1200 years. In the Song Dynasty, Yonghe Ceramic Industry flourished, "Three Cities in Pifang Lane Street" and "Seventy-two Flower Streets". There are thousands of brocade shops, more than ten thousand on a hundred-foot floor. Jizhou kiln is one of the production centers of black glaze and glaze in ancient China. There are many kinds of porcelains produced, and more than 120 kinds of porcelains have been found. According to fetal glaze, it can be divided into blue glaze, opalescent glaze, green glaze, black glaze, painted porcelain, sculpture porcelain and glassware.

Jizhou kiln occupies a very important position in the history of Chinese ceramics. It has made great achievements in promoting the production of ancient Chinese ceramics and accumulating production techniques.

Jizhou kiln was built in the late Tang Dynasty, flourished in the Five Dynasties and Northern Song Dynasty, flourished in the Southern Song Dynasty, and declined in the late Yuan Dynasty. It has a history of more than 1200 years. According to the Records of Dongchang, from Yonghe Town to the Five Dynasties, the people gathered in their land and cultivated and Taoyan. By the Song Dynasty, the porcelain industry was flourishing. There were thousands of households in the three cities of Pifang Lane Street and Jinxiu Pavilion. There were more than 10,000 houses on 100-foot floors, with the characters of Lian Dian Jun, showing the prosperity of "people and things are flourishing, and the spoke of boats and carriages", and Yonghe Town became one of the three towns in the world. Ancient pottery pieces and kiln utensils are still everywhere. Long streets and alleys with various patterns paved with blocking altars and kiln bricks are crisscrossed, and the ancient pottery city still retains its features.

Jizhou kiln ceramics was one of the most important commodities in Song and Yuan Dynasties of China. It made great contributions to promoting trade and cultural exchanges between China and other countries in the world. Many museums and collectors around the world have precious products of Jizhou kiln. In 1975, a Chinese Ceramic Exhibition unearthed in Japan was held at the Tokyo Museum. Rabbit, partridge and tortoise spots in Jizhou kiln became handed down treasures. Paper-cut decals and decals collected in Japan were praised as national treasures. In 1976, a Chinese Yuan shipwreck bound for Korea and Japan was found in Xin'an Sea. More than 15,000 pieces of ancient Chinese ceramics were salvaged from the shipwreck, many of which were fired in Jizhou kiln. The 42 pieces of Jizhou kiln pottery on display at the Central Museum of Korea are considered rare. The white bottles of phoenix head from Jizhou kiln in the British Museum can be regarded as the special objects of porcelain, while the wooden leaf Tianmu Calendula is listed as a national treasure.

Since the establishment of Jizhou Kiln Ancient Ceramics Research Institute and Jizhou Ceramics Factory in 1982, the precious products of Jizhou Kiln have been gradually restored. Some antique porcelain and display porcelain have entered the United States, Britain, France, Japan and other countries.

Protection of Jizhou Kiln

The County of Ji'an City listed "Protecting and Developing Jizhou Kiln" as one of 21 major events in 2004, and built it into a famous kiln tourist area of historical and cultural towns in central Jiangxi Province, so that more people can see the elegance of the millennium-old kiln.

Jizhou Kiln, located on the west side of Yonghe Town, Ji'an City, is a famous folk porcelain kiln in Song and Yuan Dynasties. The 24 kiln packages left in the kiln are like hills and hills, rich in cultural relics. It is the largest known group of ancient kiln packages in the world. In 2001, Jizhou kiln was listed as a national key cultural relic protection unit, and ready to declare the world cultural heritage.

In order to protect this millennium old kiln, Ji'an City has formulated a scientific plan for the protection of Jizhou kiln sites, and allocated special funds every year for the protection and development of Jizhou kiln. Yonghe Town, where the kiln site is located, often joins the county's cultural relics protection department to go deep into the protected area, do a good job in propaganda work, strictly prohibit excavation and construction, and establish mass protection organizations and special patrols to strengthen night patrol prevention, crack down on and stop the theft of cultural relics.

Kiln specimen of Jizhou

Every important kiln mouth specimen is a necessary learning item for our beginners. It can more intuitively let us understand the texture of Jizhou kiln mouth, kiln glaze, and feel, etc.