economic expert

economic expert

Chen Yun (June 13, 1905 - April 10, 1995) was born in Qingpu, Jiangsu Province. The great proletarian revolutionist, statesman, outstanding Marxist, one of the founders and founders of China's socialist economic construction, and the excellent leaders of the party and the country who have been tested for a long time are important members of the first generation of the central collective leadership of the party with Comrade Mao Zedong as the core and the second generation of the central collective leadership of the party with Comrade Deng Xiaoping as the core.

In the early 1930s, Comrade Chen Yun served as the leader of the Party Central Committee. He has experienced almost all major events in each historical period when our Party led the people to carry out revolution, construction and reform. He has participated in the formulation and implementation of a series of major decisions made by the Party Central Committee in different historical periods. He has made great achievements many times at the critical moment of the development of the cause of the party and the people and in the major decisions made by the party and the state Played a very important role. Comrade Chen Yun has devoted all his life to the development and success of the cause of Chinese people's liberation, the establishment and consolidation of China's socialist system, and the initiation and development of China's reform, opening up and socialist modernization. He has established immortal meritorious deeds, enjoyed high prestige at home and abroad, and is deeply respected and loved by the whole party, the army, and the people of all ethnic groups.

Life figures

Early revolution

Born in a poor peasant family on June 13, 1905. He lost his father (Chen Meitang) at the age of 2 and his mother (Liao Shunmei) at the age of 4, and was raised by his uncle (Liao Wenguang) who was a tailor.

After graduating from high school in 1919, he was unable to enter a higher school because of his poor family. He went to Shanghai Commercial Press as an apprentice and then a shop assistant.

He took part in the May 30th Movement in 1925. In August of the same year, he served as the chairman of the strike committee (later the trade union) of the publishing house of the commercial press. He took part in leading the general strike of the commercial press and won the victory. Then he joined the Communist Party of China and began to engage in the activities of the Communist Party as a labor organizer. He has successively served as secretary of Qingpu County CPC Committee, director of Organization Department of Songpu special committee, Shanghai Nanjing inspector of Jiangsu Provincial CPC Committee, member of Standing Committee of Jiangsu Provincial CPC Committee and Secretary of Agricultural Committee, Secretary of Shanghai Zhabei and fanan District CPC Committee, director of Organization Department and Secretary of Jiangsu Provincial CPC Committee.

In 1930 and 1931, he was elected alternate member and member of the CPC Central Committee at the third and fourth plenary sessions of the sixth CPC Central Committee.

In May 1931, he served as secretary of the special branch of the Central Committee to safeguard the security of the central organs of the Communist Party of China; in September, he served as a temporary leading member of the Central Committee. In 1932, he served as a member of the provisional Standing Committee of the Central Committee and Secretary of the all China Federation of trade unions.

It entered the central revolutionary base in 1933.

In 1934, he was elected member of the Political Bureau and Standing Committee of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China at the Fifth Plenary Session of the Sixth Central Committee of the Communist Party of China. After that, he took part in the Long March, served as the central representative of the fifth Red Army Corps, which was responsible for the task of guard of the whole army, and later served as the political commissar of the column of the CMC.

At the enlarged meeting of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee (Zunyi Meeting) held in Guizhou in January 1935, he supported Mao Zedong's correct proposition.

Counter-Japanese War

After the meeting, he wrote the communication outline for the enlarged meeting of Zunyi Political Bureau. In June of the same year, he was ordered to leave the long march team secretly from lingguandian, Tianquan County, Sichuan Province, and arrived in Shanghai alone via Chengdu and Chongqing to engage in the secret work of resuming the Communist Party. Later, he arrived in Moscow from Shanghai to report to the Secretariat of the Executive Committee of the Communist International the situation of the long march and the Zunyi Meeting of the Chinese workers' and peasants' Red Army, and wrote the first propaganda of the long march of the Red Army To participate in the CPC delegation to the Communist International.

In April 1937, he returned to Dihua (now Urumqi) in Xinjiang and served as the representative of the CPC Central Committee in Xinjiang. In May, he went to XINGXINGXIA area at the junction of Xinjiang and Gansu to assist and receive more than 400 people from the West Route Army of the Red Army to Dihua. After returning to Yan'an in November, he served as the head of the Organization Department of the CPC Central Committee, making important contributions to Party building and party cadre work. During the Yan'an rectification movement, he studied Marxist philosophy and summed up the experience and lessons of the Chinese revolution. He put forward that leaders should adopt a scientific attitude of "not only on the top, not only on books, but only on reality" in guiding work, and take it as his own code of action.

In March 1944, he served as deputy director of the northwest financial and economic office and director of the political department, presided over the financial and economic work of the Shaanxi Gansu Ningxia border region where the CPC Central Committee was located, and effectively implemented the policy of developing economy and ensuring supply.

In June 1945, at the first plenary session of the Seventh Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, he continued to be elected as a member of the Political Bureau of the Central Committee, and in August he served as alternate Secretary of the Secretariat of the Central Committee.

War of Liberation

After the victory of the Anti Japanese War, he took part in the Northeast liberation war, which was of great strategic significance. He has successively served as secretary of the North Manchuria branch of the CPC Central Committee and political commissar of the North Manchuria military region, deputy secretary of the Northeast Bureau of the CPC Central Committee and deputy political commissar of the Northeast Democratic United Army, Secretary of the South Manchuria branch of the CPC Central Committee and political commissar of the Liaodong military region, deputy political commissar of the Northeast military region, head of the Northeast financial and Economic Committee, and director of the military control committee of Shenyang special city The economic recovery has made outstanding contributions.

In August 1948, at the Sixth National Labor Conference held in Harbin, he made a report on the general task of the current Chinese workers' movement, and was elected chairman of the all China Federation of trade unions in October.

The beginning of new China

After the founding of the people's Republic of China, he served as a member of the Central People's government, vice premier of the State Council and director of the finance and Economic Committee, and presided over the national finance and economic work.

In October 1950, he served as secretary of the Secretariat of the CPC Central Committee. In the process of unifying the national finance and economy, stabilizing financial prices, ending the hyperinflation left by the Kuomintang regime for more than 10 years, adjusting industry and commerce, restoring the national economy, ensuring the victory of the war of resistance against U.S. aggression and aid Korea, and implementing the unified purchase and marketing of grain, cotton and other major agricultural products, private ownership of means of production, especially private industry and commerce, should be carried out step by step In the course of the socialist transformation of China, in the pioneering work of formulating and implementing the first Five-Year Plan for the development of the national economy and laying the foundation for China's socialist industrialization, he put forward a series of prudent and realistic policies and measures from the actual situation and made outstanding contributions. He firmly opposed the conspiracy of Gao Gang and Rao Soshi to split the party in 1953. He was vice premier of the State Council in 1954. He has also served as Minister of the Ministry of Commerce and director of the national capital construction commission.

In September 1956, he made a speech on "new issues after the basic completion of socialist transformation" at the Eighth National Congress of the Communist Party of China. According to the actual situation of China's social economy at that time, this paper puts forward a new economic system concept to break through the Soviet Union's economic model, that is, state operation and collective operation are the main body of industry and commerce, and a certain amount of individual operation is the supplement; in the field of production, planned production is the main body of industrial and agricultural production, and free production according to market changes is the supplement; in the field of circulation, the state is in charge The market in hand is the main body, and the free market is the supplement. At the first plenary session of the Eighth CPC Central Committee, he was elected member of the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee and vice chairman of the Central Committee.

In January 1957, he served as the leader of the five member economic working group of the CPC Central Committee. As for China's socialist economic construction, he always adheres to the principle of seeking truth from facts and opposes the wrong tendency of being eager for success regardless of the actual conditions; he advocates that the scale of construction must be adapted to the national strength and that the scale of construction should be expanded on the basis of arranging the people's life well; he advocates that the national economic plan must adhere to comprehensive balance and implement proportionate development.

At the end of the 1950s and the beginning of the 1960s, when the national economy was in serious difficulties, he was entrusted by Mao Zedong to adjust the excessively high iron and steel production index related to the overall economic situation. Together with Liu Shaoqi, Zhou Enlai and Deng Xiaoping, he resolutely took a series of correct measures, such as mobilizing 20 million people from cities and towns to go to the countryside and withdrawing money through several high-price commodities, to restore the national economy. In order to solve the difficulties encountered in agricultural development, he went to Qingpu, Shanghai and other places to investigate, and proposed to implement the policy of contracted output to each household in rural areas, which represents the pioneer thought of China's agricultural reform. His proposition and other practical economic propositions were once regarded as "right leaning" and were ignored by Mao Zedong.

During the Cultural Revolution

During the "Cultural Revolution", he only retained the name of a member of the Central Committee in the party and was transferred to a chemical and petroleum machinery factory in Nanchang City, Jiangxi Province.

In April 1972, he returned to Beijing and, according to Zhou Enlai's advice, participated in the work of the business group of the State Council to study the international economic situation and the development of foreign trade. He proposed to study contemporary capitalism well so as to occupy China's due position in the world market.

He was elected vice chairman of the fifth NPC Standing Committee in 1975.

Taking part in the decision-making process of smashing the gang of four in 1976, he once told Ye Jianying that this struggle is inevitable.

After the reform and opening up

After smashing the gang of four, at the central working conference in March 1977, he proposed that Deng Xiaoping should be allowed to participate in the leading work of the Party Central Committee again.

At the 1978 central working conference, he took the lead in putting forward the case of redressing injustice, falsehood and wrongdoing.

At the Third Plenary Session of the 11th CPC Central Committee, he was re elected vice chairman of the Central Committee, member of the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee, and first Secretary of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection.

After the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, as an important member of the second generation of central collective leadership with Deng Xiaoping as the core and one of the main policy makers of the party and the state, he worked with other comrades of the central collective leadership to lead the whole Party to set things right in terms of ideological, political and organizational lines, and to formulate and implement the four cardinal principles centering on economic construction We should adhere to the basic line of reform and opening up, correctly solve many problems left over by history and new problems in real life since the founding of the people's Republic of China, and successfully create a new era of construction

Chinese PinYin : Chen Yun