Yu Qian

Yu Qian

Yu Qian (May 13, 1398 to February 16, 1457) was born in Qiantang County, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province (now Shangcheng District, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province). Ming Dynasty officials, national heroes.

Yongle 19 years (1421), Yu Qian ascended Jinshi. In the first year of Xuande (1426), he followed Xuanzong of Ming Dynasty as a censor to pacify Zhu gaoxu, the king of Han Dynasty. He was praised by Xuanzong for his severe reprimand of Zhu gaoxu. Later, he patrolled Jiangxi Province. In 1430, he patrolled Henan and Shanxi Province with the right servant of the Ministry of war. In the Ming Dynasty, Yingzong was falsely accused of not giving gifts to Wang Zhen when he came to Beijing for an audience, so he was sent to prison. He was reappointed by the people, officials and even vassal kings of the two provinces. After the civil engineering revolution, Yingzong was defeated and captured. He strongly opposed the idea of moving to the South and insisted on sticking to it and being promoted to minister of the Ministry of war. Emperor Zong ascended the throne in the Ming Dynasty, straightened out the troops, deployed the key points, personally supervised the war, led 220000 divisions, and lined up outside the nine gates of Beijing to resist the warlords. Warra first forced peace with Yingzong. He thought that "the country was the most important and the monarch was the least". He was forced to release Yingzong. After the peace talks, Yu Qian was still actively preparing for the war. He selected the elite Beijing troops and divided them into ten regiments and battalions for training. He also sent troops out of the customs to guard the border. The border was peaceful. At that time, the affairs of the court were complicated, and Yu Qian was on his own. Its orders are clearly examined, and the administration is ordered to reach its goals. He is worried about his country and forgets his body. He is frugal, and his residence can only cover the wind and rain. But because of his upright personality, he was hated by many people.

In the first year of Tianshun (1457), Yingzong was restored, and Shi Heng, a great general, falsely accused Yu Qian of plotting to establish the son of King Xiang, resulting in his death. In the reign of emperor Xianzong of the Ming Dynasty, Yu Qian was given a sacrifice by a restored official. In the second year of Hongzhi (1489), he was posthumously named "Su Min". During the reign of emperor Shenzong of Ming Dynasty, his posthumous title was changed to "Zhongsu". There is "Yu Zhongsu collection" handed down. The history of Ming Dynasty praised him as "loyal and righteous, winning glory with the sun and the moon". Together with Yue Fei and Zhang Huangyan, he is known as the "three heroes of the West Lake".

Life figures

Young and promising

In 1398, Yu Qian was born in taipingli, Qiantang County, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province. His ancestral home is kaocheng (now Yuzhuang village, Chengzhuang Town, Minquan County, Henan Province). Taizu Yu Bohan first lived in Shanxi and then moved to Suzhou. Gaozu became an official in Kui and Yuan Dynasty. Yu Qian's great grandfather, Yu Jiusi, was appointed as the general manager of Hangzhou Road, so he moved to taipingli, Qiantang County, Hangzhou. Therefore, history records that Yu Qian was born in Qiantang, Zhejiang Province. His grandfather was the head of the Ministry of industry during the Hongwu Period of Wenming. His father, Yu yanzhao, lived in seclusion in his hometown of Qiantang.

In his youth, Yu Qian studied hard and had lofty ambition. He admired Wen Tianxiang's integrity and hung him on the side of his seat for decades. When he was seven years old, a monk was surprised by his appearance and said, "this is the prime minister who will save the situation in the future." At the age of eight, he was dressed in red and played on horseback. The old man next door thought it was very interesting. He teased him and said, "red boy, ride a black horse on the street." Yu Qian answered: "Red Emperor, kill white snake." The second couplet is not only neat, but also shows his extraordinary momentum.

In the 19th year of Yongle (1421), Yu Qian passed the entrance examination of Xin Chou, and then embarked on his official career.

Tour of Jiangxi

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< sub > ZHU gaoxu's rebellion

In the first year of Xuande (1426), Zhu gaoxu, the king of Han Dynasty, set up a rebellion in le'anzhou. Yu Qian followed Zhu Zhanji, the emperor of Xuanzong of Ming Dynasty. Yu Qian was appointed as the censor. When Gao Xu came out, Xuanzong asked him to denounce his crimes. Yu Qian's Ci is coming out, and his voice is fierce. Zhu gaoxu, under the fierce attack of the censor, is scolded so much that he can't raise his head. He lies on the ground and keeps shaking (shivering), claiming that he deserves to die. Xuanzong Dayue immediately ordered Yu Qian to patrol Jiangxi and rehabilitate hundreds of unjust prisons.

Governor Jin Yu

Yu Qian wrote a memorial to all the official schools in Shaanxi for harassing the common people, and ordered the censor to arrest them.

In the fifth year of Xuande (1430), Xuanzong knew that Yu Qian could undertake important tasks. At that time, he just wanted to add the right servant of each ministry as the governor directly stationed in the province, so he personally wrote Yu Qian's name and handed it to the Ministry of officials, and then he was promoted to the right servant of the Ministry of war to patrol Henan and Shanxi. After Yu Qian arrived, he rode around the area under his jurisdiction, visited his father and his elders, inspected various things that should be set up or innovated at that time, and wrote immediately. Several times a year, if there is any flood or drought, report it immediately.

The sixth year of Zhengtong (1441) wrote: "now Henan and Shanxi have accumulated millions of Jin of grain. In March of each year, please report the lower class households who are short of food in the prefectures and counties, and then pay them grain according to their share, first beans and sorghum, then millet and wheat, and finally rice, and pay them back after the autumn harvest. Those who are unable to repay due to old age, illness and poverty will be exempted. If the term of office of a state or county official has expired and he should be promoted, he shall not leave his post if he has not enough food. It is also necessary to order the officials of Fengxian to constantly supervise. " The emperor ordered it to be carried out. Along the Yellow River in Henan Province, the gap is often broken by floods. Yu Qian ordered every village to set up pavilions and pavilions, and ordered his supervisors to repair the dam. They also ordered the people to plant trees and dig wells. As a result, the local roads were lined with elms and willows, and the pedestrians were no longer thirsty. Datong was isolated outside the Great Wall, and the officials in Shanxi often couldn't get there. Yu Qian asked another censor to govern. In order to finance the frontier defense expenditure, all the private land reclaimed by the generals of the town was converted into official land. Yu Qian's Enwei is so popular that the thieves in Taihang Mountain dare not show up.

be an incorrupt official

At the beginning of the orthodox era, Yang Shiqi, Yang Rong, and Yang Pu presided over the cabinet administration and attached great importance to Yu Qian. Yu Qian's invitation was presented in the morning and approved in the evening. It was sponsored by Sanyang. When "Three Yang" passed away, eunuch Wang Zhen began to take power, act as a bully, wantonly recruit power and accept bribes. Officials and ministers vied to offer money and flattery. During the court meeting, those who come to see Wang Zhen must offer a hundred taels of silver; if they can offer a thousand taels of silver, they will be able to entertain wine and food and return home drunk. Every time Yu Qian went to Beijing to play, he never brought any gifts. Someone advised him: "you are not willing to send gold and silver, can't you take some local products?" Yu Qian chuckled, shook his two sleeves and said, "only breeze." He also specially wrote the poem "entering Beijing" to express his ambition: silk handkerchief, mushroom and thread fragrance, which was a disaster for the capital and civilian use. The wind is clear and the sleeves are facing the sky, so as not to make Lu Yan's words short and long. After Yu Qian entered the court, he recommended Wang Lai and sun Yuanzhen to participate in politics.

Li Xifeng, the Minister of General Administration, met Wang Zhen's instructions and impeached Yu Qian. He was dissatisfied because he had not been promoted for a long time and recommended someone to replace him. He was sentenced to death by the judiciary and held in prison for three months. Later, the people heard that Yu Qian had been sentenced to death. For a time, the people were angry and signed a letter. Wang Zhen made up a reason for himself to step down, saying that there was a man named Yu Qian who had a grudge with him. He said that he had made a mistake between the "Yu Qian" and the locked up Yu Qian, so he released Yu Qian and demoted him to the post of Shaoqing of Dali temple. After the prisoner Shanxi.

Officials and common people of Shanxi and Henan fell down in front of the palace and wrote letters, asking thousands of Yu Qian to stay in office. King Zhou, King Jin and other vassal Kings also said so, so they ordered Yu Qian to be governor again. At that time, more than 200000 refugees from Shandong and Shaanxi came to Henan for food. Yu Qian asked for corn relief from Henan and Huaiqing. He also asked the prime minister Nian Fu to appease these people, and called them together to give them fields, cattle and seeds, to be supervised and managed by Li Lao. He had been in office for 19 years. When his parents died, he was asked to go back to handle the funeral, and soon he took up his original job.

In 1448, Yu Qian was called back to Beijing to serve as the left servant of the military department.

Defend the capital

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< sub > Beijing battle

In July of 1449, Wang Zhen encouraged the Ming emperor Yingzong to fight in person. Yu Qian and Kuang ye, the Minister of the Ministry of war, tried to admonish him, but Ming Yingzong did not listen. Kuang Ye ran the army with Ming Yingzong, and Yu Qian presided over the work of the Ministry of war. When Yingzong was captured in tububao, the capital was shocked. No one knew what to do. At this time, King Ying supervised the country and ordered the officials to discuss the strategy of fighting and defense.

Xu Youzhen, the assistant speaker, said that the stars had changed and that the capital should be moved to Nanjing. Yu Qian said harshly: "those who propose to move south should be decapitated! The capital is the foundation of the world. As long as you move, everything will go away. Don't you see the story of the Song Dynasty's southward migration? " Yu Qian strongly advocated the war of resistance against Japan, which was supported by patriotic officials such as Wang Zhi, Minister of the Ministry of official affairs, Chen Xun, cabinet bachelor, etc. Wang Ying affirmed his statement, and the decision of defense was thus made.

At that time, the most effective troops and elite cavalry in the capital had been lost in tububao, leaving less than 100000 tired taxis. People were in a panic, and the imperial court had no firm confidence. Yu Qian asked King Ying to dispatch the beicao troops from the northern and southern capitals and Henan, the Beiwo troops from the coastal areas of Shandong and Nanjing, and the grain transportation troops from Jiangbei and Beijing to shuntianfu immediately, and then to manage the planning and deployment in turn. Later, Yu Qian was promoted to minister of the Ministry of war, who was fully responsible for planning the defense of the capital.

Eradicate the treacherous party

When the Regent of Wang Yi was just in court, Chen Yi, the censor of Youdu, asked to kill Wang Zhen's whole family. Zhu Qiyu was unable to make a decision, so he ordered to change the discussion at the right time, and the court officials protested against it. At this time, Wang Zhen's party members and the royal guards all made Ma Shun stand up and scold all the officials. In the hukegei incident, Wang Hong suddenly took the lead in attacking Ma Shun in the imperial court, and all the officials followed him. Ma Shun was killed immediately, and his blood splashed in the court for a while, and the soldiers wanted to kill him. Zhu Qiyu, the king of Ying, was frightened and wanted to get up and leave. Yu Qian crowded in front of him, helped him with his arm and said, "Ma Shun and others should be punished for their crimes. Don't let them die." the crowd stopped after hearing this. At this time, Yu Qian's sleeve had split. When he left the zuoye gate, the Minister of the Ministry of official held Yu Qian

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