Guo qiru

Guo qiru

Guo qiru (1900-1969), born in Beijing, is a crosstalk artist.

His performance is both entertaining and entertaining, natural and unrestrained, calm and steady, interesting and elegant. Representative programs include "boil persimmon" (single talk), "Guan Gong vs. Qin Qiong", "nocturnal journey", "drama and dialect", "changing career", "calling" and so on. Guo qiru was born in a poor family. When he was a child, he studied in a private school for six years. He loved crosstalk very much. At the age of 23, he once performed in Beijing Hongkui social school. At the age of 25, he learned crosstalk from Liu Dezhi. From 1925 to 1940, he performed with famous crosstalk artists Liu Dezhi, Jiao Dehai, Zhang Shouchen, Yu Junbo, Jiao Shaohai in Beijing Tianqiao, Xiannong market, Dong'an Market, longfu temple and other places. At that time, he often performed crosstalk passages such as "big bodyguard", "article meeting", "thief talk" and "big face-to-face". In his later years, he once said: "at that time, no matter what kind of work, I may not use it or not."

Life experience

Since the 29th year of the Republic of China, he has cooperated with Hou Baolin to perform for Hou. For the first time, he has performed together in Tianjin yanle opera garden, making a great success. It also expanded its influence through radio broadcasting and became one of the five famous crosstalk programs at that time. At that time, he often performed such repertoire as drama talks, selling cloth, making trouble in court and changing career, which was praised as "civilized crosstalk" by Tianjin intellectual circles. After returning to Beijing from Tianjin, he and Hou Baolin performed in Xidan entertainment club, Shanghai Entertainment Club and Phoenix hall, two performances a day and two nights. They were very good.

After the founding of the people's Republic of China, he joined the Beijing cross talk improvement group in 1950, devoted to the innovation of cross talk, teaching and training young cross talk actors.

In 1951, he and Hou Baolin participated in the first delegation to North Korea, and edited and performed the portrait of Truman, the dog leg and other new crosstalk in the front line of North Korea.

Since 1952, they have joined the third Beijing quyi troupe. In 1954, they went to Tibet with a delegation of the Chinese people's Liberation Army to perform in sympathy. In 1955, they were transferred to the Central Radio rap troupe.

During more than ten years of working in the radio rap troupe, he and Hou Baolin performed many new crosstalk reflecting real life, such as nocturnal journey, prelude to divorce, chopping cabbage, skillful hands, beating percentage, service attitude, buying monkey, story of the American army, drunkenness, etc. At the same time, a number of old traditional programs, such as Guan Gong Zhan Qin Qiong, Gaixing, drama talks, drama and dialect, empty city plan, selling cloth head, three stick drum, Yin Yang and five elements, were reorganized and renovated to become their popular representative works. Among them, Guan Gong Zhan Qin Qiong was highly praised by Mao Zedong, Zhou Enlai, Chen Yi and other party and state leaders, and became a masterpiece handed down from generation to generation. He and Hou Baolin also took part in the shooting of the films "Fang Zhu Zhu" and "you Yuan Jing Meng" and played roles in series. Most of the crosstalk they said together is recorded by the Central People's radio.

The art of cheering

During the past 20 years of cooperation with Hou Baolin, Guo qiru devoted himself to cheering. He has always advocated "withering when cheering and cheering when teasing". He praised Hou Baolin meticulously and meticulously, with the right size and heat. He not only played a role of contrast, but also did not dominate the audience. He reflected Hou Baolin's "joy" with his "wilt", his "hot" with his "cold face", his high pitched and intense voice with his deep and thick voice, and his "cloud covered moon" voice and Hou Jinshi's singing voice In contrast, Hou's witty and humorous artistic features are highlighted by his simple and straightforward performance style. They have a tacit understanding and complement each other, becoming a rare golden partner in the art of counterpart crosstalk.

Ma Ji, a crosstalk actor of later generations, respected him as "the great master of music". In the application of specific techniques, Guo qiru not only inherits the traditional techniques such as passing the fire to light the whip, exaggerating the clouds and supporting the moon, adding fuel to the fire and threading the needle, but also creates new techniques such as making the finishing point and adding icing on the cake, which enriches the means of expression of the art.

Acting experience

Guo qiru sometimes talks about stand-alone crosstalk, and he is most good at telling stories such as "boil persimmon" and "ask for a hair". In his long-term artistic practice, Guo qiru summed up eight experiences in crosstalk performance: < ol > < li > say that crosstalk must be understood first; < / Li > < li > the art of crosstalk should be enriched in many ways; < / Li > < li > only if you love your own art, can you be loved by the audience; < / Li > < li > to make a good cushion, first bring the spirit of the audience; < / Li > < li > the stage image of crosstalk actors must give people a good impression They should not only concentrate, but also be flexible. < / Li > < li > they should use the performance skills of kicking, kicking, speaking, selling and delaying, rushing, pausing and frustrating. < / Li > < li > they should unite the actors. < / Li > < / OL > his performance experience was compiled by Cai Xinglin into the article "experience of cross talk performance", which was published in drama daily and quyi magazine in 1964 and 1981, and included in the collection of Chinese Quyi (I) published by China quyi publishing house in 1984.

Character evaluation

Guo qiru was generous, simple, approachable, and helpful to his younger generation. At the beginning of 1956, Ma Ji went to the Central Radio rap troupe. He took the initiative to teach Ma Ji the basic skills of training. He often used the crosstalk segment "couplet for Spring Festival". When recording and performing, he also cheered for Ma Ji. Later, his crosstalk "call" for Ma Ji became a household name. After Li Wenhua came to the radio rap troupe in 1962, he took on the task of training. He got along with Li Chaoxi and taught him by words and deeds, which benefited Li a lot. His disciples include Quan duanbao, Tong Dafang, Yu Lianzhong and Li Fuzeng.

Guo qiru has a high reputation in the field of Quyi. His peers are known as "old Guo Ye". He helped his younger generation and taught them by words and deeds. Ma Ji and Li Wenhua benefited a lot. Colleagues all said that old Guo Ye was loyal and kind, never pursued fame and wealth, and was willing to suffer losses in the face of money and honor. He is diligent and thrifty, modest and prudent, outstanding character, and is well-known both inside and outside the circle. The crosstalk circles summarize Guo qiru's character and style as "green leaf spirit".

Data collation

Guo qiru attached great importance to the excavation and collation of the heritage of traditional cross talk. In 1961, he personally narrated 13 sections of the rare traditional cross talk, such as "boil persimmon" and "grab three books", which were recorded and preserved as materials.

Representative works

Representative programs include: Boil persimmon (single talk), "Guan Gong vs. Qin Qiong", "nocturnal journey", "drama and dialect", "changing career", "calling" and so on.

77 (Hou Baolin, Guo qiru)

Beijing dialect (Hou Baolin, Guo qiru)

Guessing characters (Hou Baolin, Guo qiru)

Chuandiao (Hou Baolin, Guo qiru)

Beat 100% (Hou Baolin, Guo qiru)

Lantern riddle (Hou Baolin, Guo qiru)

Dialects (Hou Baolin, Guo qiru)

Fenhe Bay (Hou Baolin, Guo qiru)

Service attitude (Hou Baolin, Guo qiru)

Career change (Hou Baolin, Guo qiru)

Guan Gong vs. Qin Qiong (Hou Baolin, Guo qiru)

Chinese PinYin : Guo Qi Ru