Su Xiaomei

Su Xiaomei

Su Xiaomei is said to be Su Shi's younger sister. According to the unofficial history, her name is Zhen. She was a famous talented woman at that time. The story of "Su Xiaomei's three difficulties in Qin Guan" was spread among the people.

Su Shi loved letters, relatives and friends all his life. His letters were written by later generations. Most of the existing letters written by Su Shi himself were sent to his younger brother Su Zhe. There is no mention of this "sister" in the letter, and there is no mention of this "sister" in Dongpo's poems.

However, according to the records of Sansu temple, there was a real person in history, but because Su Xiaomei died when Su Shi and Su Zhe were very young, there was no relevant book record.

brief introduction

Su Shi, a literary giant of the generation, is famous for his complementary Confucianism and Taoism. Compared with his sister Su Xiaomei, he seems to be even shorter. However, according to textual research, there is no su Xiaomei in history. The stories of Su Xiaomei's and Qin's love, Buddha's seal and cow dung, and crossing the river together are all made up by the ancients.

Female stars created by the ancients have been popular for hundreds of years

Su Xun, Su Shi and Su Zhe have always been admired by later generations for their high literary achievements. When it comes to this literary family, people often mention a woman, Su Xiaomei.

The legendary Su Xiaomei is the symbol of a smart woman

The name "Su Xiaomei" is well-known among Chinese people. Her name was first found in the Southern Song Dynasty anonymous's "Dongpo Q & a" (also known as "Dongpo Ju Shi fo Yin Chan Shi quotations Q & A)", "Dongpo's sister, Shaoyou's wife."

There is a story about Su Xiaomei's three difficulties with the bridegroom in Xingshi Hengyan by Feng Menglong, a writer in the late Ming Dynasty and the early Qing Dynasty. In Meishan show by Li Yu, a scholar in the Qing Dynasty, Su Xiaomei's brilliance and quickness of thinking are vividly described.

In recent years, some film and television works have created the legendary Su Xiaomei, who has become a symbol of intelligent women. What legends are recorded about Su Xiaomei in the literature?

Legend 1: Su Qin's love

During the Northern Song Dynasty, Qin Shaoyou, a famous poet, visited Su Shi and was attracted by Su Xiaomei. Qin Shaoyou fell in love with Su Xiaomei at first sight, and they finally got married.

On the wedding night, Su Xiaomei wanted to try her husband's talent, so she ordered her servant girl to lock Qin Shaoyou out of the door and let him couplet: "East chamber, west chamber, old chamber, new man into the bridal chamber, best man for life."

Qin Shaoyou was moved by Su Xiaomei's deep feeling and blurted out: "study in the south, study in the north, teach in the primary school, marry the bride."

Su Xiaomei knew that this question was not difficult for her lover, so she opened the door in person. After drinking Jiaobei wine, the two eyes are opposite, but Su Xiaomei is ashamed to say: "in front of the red curtain, hold hands with lang. if you want to sleep together, you can have another couplet. The first couplet is: little sister is small, small, small but not stingy, you should be careful. "

Qin Shaoyou made a mistake. He paced back and forth and thought hard. Seeing this, Su Xiaomei can't help feeling regret. She just looks at Qin Shaoyou with warm eyes. When Qin Shaoyou saw Su Xiaomei's face and shame, he couldn't help but feel excited, so he wrote the following couplet: "Shaoyou is young, has few families and wives, is rare and rare, and is willing to marry a girl."

Legend 2: Seal of Buddha and cow dung

As we all know, Su Dongpo has many monk friends, and Foyin is one of them.

Once, Su Dongpo and Foyin meditated in the forest. After a long time, the seal of Buddha said to Su Dongpo: "the sitting posture of the king looks like the Buddha." Su Dongpo was overjoyed when he saw the brown cassock of the seal of Buddha lying on the ground. He said to the seal of Buddha, "the sitting posture of the master is like a pile of cow dung." After hearing this, Foyin just smiles and says, "I see you are like a Buddha.".

Su Dongpo thought to himself that he could not help but be complacent. After returning home, he told Su Xiaomei about it.

Su Xiaomei listened to her brother's words and said, "brother, you lost again. There is a Buddhist Scripture saying: the mind has thought, the eye has seen. There is Buddha in the heart of Buddha seal, so you look like Buddha; and you look like cow dung, because you only have cow dung in your heart! "

Legend 3: eight winds do not move, a fart across the river

Su Dongpo worked in Guazhou, Jiangbei. He often talked about Buddhism and Taoism with the abbot of Jinshan Temple. One day, Su Dongpo consciously practiced Tao and wrote a poem: "Jishou is in the middle of the sky, and there is no light shining on the sky. Eight winds can't move, sitting in the purple lotus

He was very proud of the poem and sent a Book boy across the river to give it to Buddhist monk Foyin. After reading, the Zen master took a pen and criticized two words: "fart", that is to say, ask the book boy to bring it back.

When Su Dongpo opened it, he was surprised and angry. He immediately took a boat across the river to find the theory of Buddha seal. When the boat arrived at Jinshan Temple, the Zen master had been waiting by the river. As soon as Su Dongpo saw the seal, he angrily accused the seal of insulting himself. Upon hearing this, the Zen master laughed and said, "ha, aren't you" unable to move the eight winds "? How can you "fart across the river"

After hearing this, Su Dongpo suddenly realized that he was ashamed.

Historical records

Su Shi has no sister, only sister

As a matter of fact, Su Xiaomei is a completely fictional figure. Looking through historical materials, Su Shi has no sister, but three sisters.

According to historical records, Su Shi's mother, Mrs. Cheng, had six children, half male and half female. However, her eldest daughter, second daughter and eldest son all died early, and her third daughter was one year older than Su Shi, nicknamed "Ba Niang".

When Su Ba Niang was 18 years old, she married her uncle's son Cheng Zi. Unfortunately, only one year after her marriage, she died.

It is recorded in the epitaph "epitaph of Mrs. Su Zhubo" written by Sima Guang to Mrs. Su Xun that "the young daughter has the style of being a wife, can be a writer, and is 19 years old. She married and died."

In 1066, Su Xun, the father of Su Shi, died at the age of 17. When Qin Shaoyou was 29 years old, he met Su Shi for the first time. At this time, Su Ba Niang had been dead for many years.

The story of Su Qin's love is pure fiction

When a reporter from Henan business daily interviewed the scenic spot of Jiaxian Sansu garden, a staff member said that the so-called "Tomb of Su Xiaomei" in the garden was actually the tomb of Liang's wife, Su Chi, Su Zhe's eldest son.

Although there is no su Xiaomei in history, there is actually a Qin Shaoyou. Qin Shaoyou is a famous CI poet in Song Dynasty. His ci poems are mostly about love between men and women and sentimental life experience. He is one of the representatives of graceful CI school.

Qin Shaoyou's wife, surnamed Xu and named Wenmei, is the daughter of Xu Chengfu, a former director of Ningtai in Tanzhou. It is recorded in the book of Xu's Prince: "Xu Jun beautifies his wife by her writing..." According to records, Qin Shaoyou married Xu Wenmei at the age of 18.

Qin Shaoyou's literary talent was deeply appreciated by Su Shi, and he became one of the four scholars of Su. Perhaps for this reason, in the legend, Qin Shaoyou and Su Shi's family had a lot of contact opportunities.

The miserable marriage of Ba Neng Niang, who suffered from the misfortune of Wen Su, led to the death of Wen Neng Niang. Qin Shaoyou's love story is a good thing.

Character story

Story one

Beauty makes poetry

One day, Su Dongpo joked about his sister's appearance and described her convex forehead and concave eyes as:

Before going out of the hall, three or five steps, the forehead goes to the painting hall first;

It's hard to wipe away tears several times, leaving two springs

.

Su Xiaomei smiles and immediately retorts:

A clump of sad grass came out of my lips, and my hair was on my temples;

There was no place to look for in the quarrel several times. Suddenly, I heard that there was a sound in the hair.

What this poem mocks is Su Shi's untidy and fluffy beard. Su Xiaomei's forehead is protruding and her eye socket is sunken, so she is teased by Su Shi. Su Xiaomei says that Su Shi's beard seems to have not caught the pain yet, and she feels that she has not taken advantage of it. Looking at it again, she finds that her brother's forehead is flat, and there is no sense of grandeur. Another horse face is one foot long, and her eyes are far away The whole thing is that the facial features are out of proportion, and immediately take up another poem happily

Tianping has a broad road of three thousand, looking from afar between the cloud and the Han;

Last year, a drop of Acacia tears, so far not to the ear.

Su Shi was so happy that he patted his sister's head and laughed. Su brothers and sisters play proverbs, you can say that there are no taboos, often with puns, as you can imagine.

Story 2

Su Dongpo had many monk friends. In Song Dynasty, Neo Confucianism prevailed. Besides advocating insight, women's status declined greatly, and women's personality suffered from depression. In addition to vigorously promoting women's foot binding, women were required to keep their words quiet and smile quietly. They hid in their boudoir every day to learn the needlework. On the day they got married, they had to wear a piece of red cloth on their heads. Su's family is a scholar's family, and they have different opinions. In addition, the monks who associate with Su Dongpo are all empty, so when Su Dongpo talks and jokes with those monks, he doesn't interfere with his glib sister's mixing in the middle, whether she is elegant or rude.

One day, Su Dongpo went out to play with a group of monks. Su Xiaomei followed him step by step. Suddenly, she saw a monk swimming in the river, ups and downs. In the blue waves, it was like a smooth ball rolling continuously. Su Xiaomei was very interested and said:“

Qingjiang water wash monks, waves roll gourd

。” A monk behind her, who was also a joker, immediately said to her, "a beautiful lady in a bi gauze tent, a peony in a smoke cage." This time to open the topic is not endless, Su Xiaomei not to be outdone, and then a couplet: "monk sleep brocade quilt, flowers in a gourd."

Presided over immediately to the way: "female to bronze, half Mu pond in two Han."

Su Xiaomei's words were clumsy for a moment. She was helpless. She looked up and saw a monk in the middle of the river pulling a boat

"The monk pulls a boat, and the pole hits the arhat in the middle of the river."

There are some difficulties in this couplet. It starts from the "shadow" and must be answered with the "shadow" in order to be appropriate and presided over

Chinese PinYin : Su Xiao Mei