Luo Ying
Luo Ying
Luo Ying
(1890.11 -- 1964.7) word huaibo. He is from Xianggang village, Zhuliang Township, Nancheng County, Jiangxi Province. Famous bridge construction expert. After the founding of the people's Republic of China, Luo Ying was appointed chief engineer of the Highway Construction Committee of the former branch of the Ministry of communications in East China. Soon he was transferred to the Ministry of heavy industry as a consultant engineer and Tangshan Institute of technology
Southwest Jiaotong University
）Professor, Department of structure. In 1953, he was employed as a member of Wuhan Yangtze River Bridge Technical Advisory Committee. At that time, many of the persons in charge of the bridge were students of Mao Yisheng and Luo Ying. Luo Ying appointed people on the basis of merit, strongly supported the rookies, made great efforts to train the technical backbone at the bridge construction site, and put forward many insightful suggestions for the bridge construction.
Birth and growth
Born in an intellectual family, Luo Ying entered a private school at the age of 7 and went to Shanghai Cheng middle school in 1908. In 1910, he was recommended by the school as the first group of students studying in the United States at public expense. In 1911, Luo Ying, Mao Yisheng and Zheng Hua entered the Department of civil engineering of Cornell University to study bridge.
In 1917, Luo Ying received a master's degree from Cornell University, and successively worked for the New York Provincial Railway Company in rurochester and the central railway company in New York. In 1919, he returned to China and taught in Hehai special school. Later, he went to Tianjin to serve as the director of Jinpu road maintenance and professor of Nankai University and Beiyang University. In 1927, he participated in the design and supervision of Shenyang huanggutun locomotive factory of Beijing Fengzhou railway. In 1927, he was transferred to Shanhaiguan and served as the director of Shanhaiguan Bridge Factory of Beining railway. In 1932, he was promoted to technical chief engineer of Tianjin General Administration of Beijing railway. In 1933, at the invitation of Mao Yisheng, the director of the Qiantang River Bridge Engineering Department, Luo Ying became the chief engineer of the Department. Together with Mao Yisheng, Luo Ying designed and built the Qiantang River Bridge.
Great achievements of Qiantang River Bridge
The Qiantang River is surrounded by a sea of people at the head of the tide. The quicksand at the bottom of the river covers a hundred layers that can bear the pressure of the bridge piers at a depth of 40 meters below the water surface. The two dangers of the river tide and quicksand make some people use "building bridges on the Qiantang River" as a metaphor for "impossible things". There is no precedent for the construction of railway highway bridge under such difficult and complex hydrogeological conditions in China. Mao Yisheng called it "81 difficulties" and "all the obstacles and dangers he had experienced during the period". Luo Ying and Mao Yisheng worked closely together to put forward a new design scheme to overcome the adverse factors such as sea tide erosion, extremely poor geological and hydrological conditions, shortage of funds, and tight construction period, and invented three methods of simultaneous construction of "foundation, bridge pier, and steel beam", so as to achieve the shortest working time (two and a half years) and the least cost (1.6 million yuan, compared with the plan of the consultant of the Ministry of Railways) The price is 33% lower. After the construction started in April 1935, Luo Ying went to the construction site to direct. On August 14, 1937, Japanese planes bombed the bridge site. At that time, one pier of the main bridge in Jiangzhong was not yet completed, and the two hole steel beams on the pier could not be installed. Luo Ying, together with Mao Yisheng, led the workers to speed up the construction day and night with the spirit of fearlessness and dedication for the country. At 4:00 a.m. on September 26, the first train passed the Qiantang River from the bridge, and the construction of the Qiantang River Bridge was finally successful! The crowd cheered and congratulated each other. On November 16, the Qiantang River Highway Bridge was opened to traffic. This is the first modern bridge built by China itself.
After the completion of Qiantang River Bridge, Luo Ying was transferred to the general survey team leader of Guiliu section of Xiang GUI railway at the end of November 1937. In 1938, he was promoted to deputy director and chief engineer of South Guangxi Section Engineering Bureau of Hunan Guangxi railway, responsible for the survey, design and construction of Guilin Liuzhou railway. Liuzhou bridge, the key project of Guilin Liuzhou railway, originally planned to use reinforced concrete piers and abutments, and ordered steel persimmon beams from abroad. Due to the fall of Guangzhou and Wuhan, this batch of steel could not be transported. Luo Ying, with great ingenuity, proposed to build the bridge by using the old railway tracks removed from Nanhai railway and the old steel plate beams of single track railway removed from the base. The drop of Liujiang River is large and the velocity is fast. When the mountain torrent breaks out, it can rise more than ten meters a day, and the velocity can reach 5 "6 m / s. There is no precedent for building railway bridges with old steel on such rivers. Even at the opening ceremony of the bridge (early 1941), the train driver was afraid to drive across the bridge. Luo Ying boarded the locomotive in person, and the director of the locomotive factory drove the train across the bridge in person. The transportation minister of the central government called the Liujiang bridge "a bridge that foreigners dare to build from the end.".
After the completion of Liujiang bridge, Luo Ying was invited by the Research Association of Guilin Construction Bureau to design and build Lijiang bridge. The bridge is simple because of its poor quality. The upper part of the bridge is made of wood structure, and the lower part is made of stone piers and abutments. After the founding of the people's Republic of China, the original foundation was used to reconstruct the double curved arch bridge.
After the victory of the Anti Japanese War, Luo Ying went all over the country to build bridges. He has successively served as the director of the Highway Administration Bureau of the eighth District of Beiping, the director of the Highway Engineering Administration Bureau of the Fourth District of Kunming, the special member and deputy director of the General Administration of highways in Guangzhou, Chongqing and Chengdu.
Luo Ying was upright, honest and upright, appointed people on the basis of merit, did not show favoritism, did not know how to flatter, did not follow the trend, and did not want to add people to the increasingly corrupt Kuomintang. During his stay in Kunming, members of the Kuomintang's grassroots party headquarters made it difficult for Luo Ying to be rejected, and even put up slogans of "liquidating Luo Ying". Excited by righteous indignation, the people in the Bureau added the word "be an official" before the word "Qing" and a comma after it, and changed the slogan to "be an official, be a Luo Ying"!
Luo Ying was a man of virtue and strongly supported the rookies. She focused on training the technical backbone at the bridge construction site and put forward many insightful suggestions for the bridge construction.
In 1956, Luo Ying was elected as a member of the third National Political Consultative Committee. In response to Premier Zhou's call, Luo Ying wrote a first draft of "historical materials of Chinese bridges" in spite of her illness.
In 1959, Luo Ying was a member of the third National Committee of the Chinese people's Political Consultative Conference. At the meeting, Premier Zhou called on the older generation of scientists to seize the time to write books and to leave their achievements and experience to future generations. Despite her illness, Luo Ying wrote many works, such as historical materials of bridges in China (later officially compiled as history of Bridge Technology in China), stone bridges in China, and so on, and began to write the research on China's 100 arch bridges. After writing Chapter 4 (scoring 9), he unfortunately died of cancer in Shanghai on July 1, 1964 at the age of 75.
After Luo Ying's death, people from all walks of life mourned deeply. The Shanghai Municipal Committee of the Chinese people's Political Consultative Conference held a grand public memorial ceremony. Premier Zhou sent a wreath, Zhao Zukang was the chief mourner, and Mao Yisheng delivered a eulogy
evaluate
As one of the pioneers of modern bridge construction in China, Luo Ying's achievements will always be remembered by later generations; Luo Ying's patriotism and selfishness will always be respected by later generations.
Chinese PinYin : Luo Ying
Luo Ying
