Xu Wei

Xu Wei

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Xu Wei (1903-1928), formerly known as Baoxing, pseudonyms Qin Ming, Xie Gongzhen and Hu Gongda, was born in mogang Town, Haimen City, Jiangsu Province (now Ruixiang township). He was born in October 1903 in a peasant family.

Life of the characters

Xu Xiling's father set up a private school to teach and study, and led the children to do some farm work when they were busy; Chen yunhuang's mother, who was fluent in writing, often told the children stories of national heroes. Good family education has cultivated Xu Wei's ideological and emotional feelings of loving his motherland and sympathizing with the hard-working masses. In 1914, when Xu Wei was admitted to Haimen County primary school, he wrote on the composition paper of autonomy: "I not only want to cure myself, but also make everyone in the world be autonomous. "At a young age, I have the ambition to care about the world. Xu Wei was promoted to private Haimen middle school in the autumn of 1916. After the May 4th Movement broke out in 1919, Xu Wei and his classmates went out of the school to boycott Japanese goods and demanded the cancellation of the "21 articles". In order to calm down the learning tide, the headmaster wanted to "borrow" Xu Wei's prestige among his classmates, and asked him to "persuade" everyone to "study at ease" at the general meeting of the students. The school authorities did not expect that Xu Wei used the platform provided by the school to talk about the opinions of the student movement. At the same time, he also exposed the vice of the principal in business. As a result, Xu Wei was falsely accused of "agitating the learning tide" and expelled from the school. Xu Wei was admitted to Soochow University in 1920. In this church school, he enthusiastically propagated new ideas, spread atheism, and argued fiercely with teachers in theology class. As a result, he was expelled. Xu Wei entered Shanghai Nanfang University in 1922. While studying, he engaged in revolutionary activities. During this period, he assisted the Secretary of the third branch of the Youth League, which was in charge of the workers' and students' movement in Western Shanghai, to set up a night school for workers. In the evening school, he gave cultural lessons to the workers and publicized revolutionary principles. Because Xu Wei is amiable, his lectures are simple and fascinating, and the workers are particularly satisfied with him. In 1923, Xu Wei joined the Socialist Youth League in Huxi District of Shanghai, and the next year he joined the Communist Party of China. In this year, he and Jizhi founded "xiaoshadu workers' tutorial school". Xiaoshadu is an industrial zone with several large Japanese run mills and a large concentration of industrial workers. In order to expand the propaganda position, they also set up the "xiaoshadu Huxi workers' Club", with Xu Wei as the director. In line with the purpose of "unity and mutual assistance, increasing knowledge and improving treatment", tutorial schools and clubs carry out publicity and education for workers. Xu Wei and others also mobilized progressive students to teach in clubs, exposing the fact that imperialism invaded China and capitalists exploited workers in class, helping workers raise their class awareness; they also introduced the experience of Anyuan road miners in winning the strike struggle, which greatly encouraged the workers. The club later became one of the sources of the May 30th Movement. At the same time, Xu Wei and the progressive teachers and students of Nanfang University oppose President Jiang Kanghu's "National Socialism". They took Jiang Kanghu's private visit to Puyi, the abandoned emperor of the Qing Dynasty, and his "memorial" as the fuse to launch the movement of driving the river in the school. Later, Yu Youren and others set up another National University. Xu Wei transferred to the Department of English literature of National University until he graduated in 1926. In 1925, the May 30th Movement broke out, and Xu Wei took an active part in it. In the summer, in the name of Tonghai school, he organized several young people to return to their hometown to raise money for the workers who participated in the May 30th Movement in Shanghai. They publicized from village to village and encouraged the peasants to take action in support of the just struggle of the workers in Shanghai. In November, Xu Wei served as secretary of the Communist Youth League ministries and commissions in xiaoshadu, Huxi District, Shanghai, and led the work of workers, the Communist Youth League branches of National University and Daxia University. When he went deep into the grassroots to understand the situation, he often compared every league member or worker with the parts or screws of the machine. He said: "if we can unite as a whole as the machine, we will not be afraid of 'namowin' and the boss. He also introduced the significance of the red flag and the status of the working class after the success of the October Revolution in Russia. He won the support of the league members and workers, known as "propagandist" and "King Kong" in the Shanghai League. Under the leadership of Xu Wei, the work of xiaoshadu regiment was full of vitality and was praised by He Chang, Secretary of Jiangsu and Zhejiang district Party committee of the Communist Youth League. In the spring of 1926, when Xu Wei returned to his hometown to administer his father's funeral, he also did propaganda work to the masses, distributing books and periodicals such as Das Kapital, guide and Soviet October to relatives and friends. His mother advised him to "go back to his hometown to teach and enjoy happiness.". "He said to his mother meaningfully," which is better for one person to enjoy happiness than for many people to enjoy happiness? To make a revolution is to make everyone in the world enjoy happiness. "In order to make everyone in the world have happiness, he is determined to be a" professional revolutionary ". He once said to the comrades who worked together: "the Chinese revolution will be long-term and arduous, and the cause of the party and the Communist Youth League will take several generations to complete successfully. Therefore, it is necessary to have a group of professional revolutionaries who will do all kinds of secret work all their lives. In January 1927, the Jiangsu Zhejiang District Committee of the Communist Youth League held a meeting in Shanghai, and Xu Wei was elected secretary of the District Committee. He advocated the training of activists among young workers to join the organization, and asked the League to develop its work in rural areas. At that time, he had developed party and League members and established rural party and League branches in Nanxiang, a suburb of Shanghai. In February, in order to cooperate with the Shanghai workers' armed uprising, the CPC Central Committee and the Jiangsu Zhejiang District Committee held a joint meeting and organized a special committee. Xu Wei served as a member of the publicity committee of the special committee and a member of the Shanghai Student Movement Committee, and was responsible for drafting the Publicity Outline and other documents. After the victory of the third armed uprising of Shanghai workers, Xu Wei attended the Shanghai provisional people's Congress as a representative of the Communist Youth League and was elected executive member. After the establishment of the Shanghai special municipal government, Xu Wei was elected as a member to take charge of publicity work. On April 12, Chiang Kai Shek launched a counter revolutionary coup in Shanghai, ordering the heavily armed thugs of the Qinghong Gang to impersonate workers and attack the workers' pickets. Under the pretext of "workers' infighting", he seized the weapons of the workers' pickets and slaughtered them madly, killing and injuring more than 300 people. The next day, the Shanghai Federation of trade unions held a mass meeting at Qingyun road square in Zhabei to accuse the reactionaries of their crimes, calling for "down with the warlords, revenge for the dead workers, and take back the workers' armed forces! "Xu Wei risked his life to help Xu meikun, Secretary of Jiangsu and Zhejiang district Party committee, preside over the meeting. Xu Wei attended the Fifth National Congress of the Communist Party of China in Wuhan on April 27. Then he attended the Fourth National Congress of the Communist Youth League. He was elected as a member of the Central Committee of the Communist Youth League. After the meeting, he stayed in Wuhan to work in the central military branch. In August, he was transferred to Hangzhou, which was tightly controlled by Chiang Kai Shek's counter revolutionary forces, to serve as secretary of the Communist Youth League Zhejiang provincial Party committee. When Xu Wei arrived in Hangzhou, he changed his name to Xie Gongzhen and engaged in revolutionary activities as an unemployed teacher. He inspired the young people's consciousness by combining such vital issues as unemployment upon graduation, the lack of freedom in marriage, and the inability of women to be independent. At the meetings of Party and League activists, he repeatedly made reports on the situation and tasks, exposed the crimes of the Kuomintang, and expanded the influence of the party and League. Thanks to the efforts of Xu Wei and others, the revolutionary struggle in Hangzhou became active. The workers went on strike one after another, demanding to improve their lives. The students went on strike one after another and took to the streets to demonstrate against the decadent KMT Party education. The Kuomintang reactionaries were rampant in fighting against Pu, searching everywhere for and arresting Communists and revolutionary masses. In order to crack down on the enemy's terrorist policy and point out the way forward for the young people in time, Xu Wei wrote a pamphlet "suing young students book" in the name of Shizhou student union. After it was printed, it was widely distributed. It caused a sensation in Hangzhou city for a while, and shocked the Kuomintang authorities in Zhejiang Province. In early November 1927, the underground organs of the Military Commission of the provincial Party committee were suddenly searched, and the organs of the provincial Party committee of the Communist Youth League were also damaged. Xu Wei and Cao Zhonglan, Secretary General of the provincial Party committee of the Communist Youth League, were arrested at the same time. They were first detained in chaimuxiang detention center in Hangzhou, and later transferred to Zhejiang army prison. After his arrest, Xu Wei assumed the pseudonym of Hu Gongda, and the Kuomintang reactionaries initially regarded him as a general political prisoner. At the beginning of 1928, Xu Wei was tried for betrayal. Qian Xiqiao, President of the special court, said to him, "your name is not Hu Gongda. You are Xu Wei. We all know your situation. There's no need to hide it. Don't talk to the Communist Party any more. "Xu Wei calmly replied," OK, I'll ask you three questions. If your answer satisfies me, it's not the Communist Party. "The three contents all involve the question of why the Kuomintang betrayed the revolution, which made Qian Xiqiao dumbfounded and embarrassed. Xu Wei said with a smile: "since you can't make sense, I have to be the Communist Party to the end. "The enemy had no choice but to send Xu Wei back to the prison. After Xu Wei's identity was exposed, he decided to do his best to work for the party in the last time of his life. In the absence of the guards, he publicized the spirit of the party's "August 7th" meeting to his friends in need. He also made use of the opportunity to set up the underground work in the prison, organized the struggle to improve the living conditions in the prison, and asked the poor friends to regard the prison as a school, so as to take this opportunity to read more Marxist Leninist works. He also made a speech to his friends as a communist, denouncing the crimes of imperialism, feudal warlords, Kuomintang reactionaries, anti communism and anti people, and showing his determination to take death for the complete liberation of the people. At 3:00 p.m. on May 3, 1928, the guard suddenly came to call him. Xu Wei understood in his heart and cheered at the guard: "how many people will be killed today? "The warden had never seen a" death row "question like this on such an occasion

Chinese PinYin : Xu Wei