Communist military leader

Communist military leader

Nie Rongzhen (December 29, 1899 to May 14, 1992), male, Han nationality, was born in shiyuanyuan, Wutan Township, Jiangjin District, Chongqing City (formerly Jiangjin County, Sichuan Province). He joined the Communist Party of China in March 1923 and studied in the Soviet Union in 1924. After the founding of the people's Republic of China, he successively served as Secretary General of the Central Military Commission and acting chief of the general staff of the people's Liberation Army, vice chairman of the National Defense Commission, vice chairman of the Central Military Commission, vice premier of the State Council, director of the State Science and Technology Commission and director of the national defense science and Technology Commission, honorary director of the National Committee on aging, and honorary president of the China Invention Association.

In 1955, he was awarded the rank of Marshal. He was awarded the first level of 81 medal, the first level of independence and freedom medal, and the first level of Liberation Medal. Nie Rongzhen died at 22:43 on May 14, 1992.

Nie Rongzhen is a long tested proletarian revolutionist and militarist, an outstanding leader of the party and the state, one of the founders of the Chinese people's Liberation Army, marshal of the people's Republic of China, and founder of the people's Republic of China. He is deeply respected and loved by the whole party, the whole army, and the people of the whole country.

Life of the characters

Early experience

Nie Rongzhen was born on December 29, 1899 in shiyuanzi, near wutanchang, Jiangjin County. He entered a private school to receive enlightenment at the age of 7, and formally went to school in 1910. In the summer of 1917, Nie Rongzhen was admitted to Jiangjin County Middle School (now Jiangjin middle school) with excellent results. Nie Rongzhen read extensively and absorbed political nutrition from Darwin's theory of evolution, Huxley's theory of evolution and the progressive magazine New youth. Gradually, Nie Rongzhen's thought changed from a recognized sincere youth to a warm-blooded youth with strong patriotism. Nie Rongzhen actively joined the ranks of progressive students and often said to his classmates: "our generation should make contributions to the rise of the Chinese nation by serving our country." Nie Rongzhen always expresses his concern for the country and the people when he meets with national affairs. His thoughts are often written on the paper. The teacher once praised him as "gifted, not a thing in the pool". During the May 4th movement, Nie Rongzhen was arrested by the reactionary military and police authorities for taking part in the patriotic struggle of his hometown students. In order to avoid the immediate danger and learn the advanced western science, Nie Rongzhen, with the ambition of "saving the country through industry", went to France to work and study in 1919 and actively participated in the student movement in France. In 1922, Nie Rongzhen transferred to Belgium to study in the Department of chemical engineering of Labor University of sharova. In August 1922, he joined the European Communist Party of China (later known as the European branch of the Chinese Socialist Youth League). Together with Liu Bojian, he was in charge of the Belgian branch. In the spring of 1923, he transferred to the Communist Party of China and was once a member of the Executive Committee of the European Socialist Youth League and deputy director of the training department. In October 1924, Nie Rongzhen was ordered to study in the Communist University of Oriental laborers in Moscow, and later transferred to the Chinese class of the Soviet Red Army school to study military. In 1925, due to the need of revolution, Nie Rongzhen and his Chinese classmates returned home together. Nie spent more than five years abroad. In the past five years, Nie Rongzhen's world outlook has undergone a fundamental change, from "saving the country through industry" to a social revolutionary who takes the world as his own responsibility, and has become a professional revolutionary. After returning from the Soviet Union, Nie Rongzhen served as the Secretary and political instructor of the Political Department of Huangpu Military Academy, directly leading the propaganda and organizational work of the political department, and lecturing on the history of social development and political work. During his stay in Huangpu, Nie Rongzhen insisted on fighting back against Chiang Kai Shek's plot. After the "Zhongshan ship incident", Nie Rongzhen was removed from his post in Huangpu Military Academy and transferred to the military department of Guangdong District Committee of the Communist Party of China as special commissioner. However, Nie Rongzhen still used all kinds of opportunities to carry out work in Huangpu Military Academy and the national revolutionary army. Under the leadership of Zhou Enlai, he promptly conveyed the party's principles and policies to the Communists and prepared for the northern expedition. After the beginning of the northern expedition in 1926, Nie Rongzhen served as a special commissioner of the Military Commission and Secretary of the Military Commission of the Hubei Provincial Committee of the Communist Party of China. Later, he participated in the dispatch of CPC members to the northern expedition in the military department of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China. After the "April 12" counter revolutionary coup in 1927, Nie Rongzhen was sent to Shanghai to help Zhou Enlai rectify the damaged workers' picket team and deal with the aftermath.

Agrarian Revolution

In the middle of July 1927, Nie Rongzhen was appointed secretary of the Military Commission of the former enemy of the Communist Party of China, and went to Jiujiang to prepare for an armed uprising. On August 1, 1927, Nie Rongzhen organized two muti regiments of the 25th division of Zhang Fakui's department in the Nanchang Uprising. Later, he served as the party representative of the 11th army of the uprising army and led the army south with the commander Ye Ting. After the defeat of Chaoshan battle, Nie Rongzhen went to Hong Kong. In December 1927, Nie Rongzhen sneaked back to Guangzhou to lead the uprising. In the emergency of the defeat of the rebel army, Nie Rongzhen and Ye Ting decided to withdraw decisively, thus preserving part of the revolutionary armed forces. In 1928, Nie Rongzhen was appointed secretary of the Military Commission of the Guangdong provincial Party committee of the Communist Party of China. During this period, when summing up the experience and lessons of the Guangzhou Uprising, Nie Rongzhen saw that the lack of military technical personnel was an important shortcoming of the Guangzhou Uprising, and pointed out: "in the future, every Party member should learn military technology and pay attention to cultivating a number of military technical personnel." It shows his foresight in military affairs. At the beginning of 1930, Nie Rongzhen was appointed director of the Organization Department of the Shunzhi provincial Party committee of the Communist Party of China. He arrived in Shanghai in May 1930 and engaged in dangerous and complicated underground work in the special branch of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China. He actively provided military intelligence to the revolutionary bases, kept abreast of the enemy's situation, safeguarded the safety of the Party Central Committee and underground comrades, rescued arrested comrades, and suppressed traitors and secret agents. In 1931, Nie Rongzhen was transferred to the Central Military Commission as chief of staff. He insisted on secret struggles in Hong Kong, Tianjin, Shanghai and other places. Since Gu Shunzhang's rebellion, the white terror of Kuomintang reactionaries in Shanghai has become increasingly serious. It is no longer convenient for such leading figures of the Communist Party as Nie Rongzhen, who have worked with Gu Shunzhang, to stay in Shanghai. At that time, the Jinggangshan revolutionary base under the leadership of Mao Zedong developed rapidly, which required such military talents as Nie Rongzhen. In December 1931, Nie Rongzhen left Shanghai according to the decision of the organization and went to the central revolutionary base of Jiangxi. Nie Rongzhen successively served as deputy director of the General Political Department of the Chinese workers' and peasants' Red Army and political member of the 1st Corps. He was elected executive member of the Central Committee of the Soviet Republic of China. In March 1932, when the executors of the "left" adventurism wanted the Central Red Army to seize the cities on both sides of the Ganjiang River, Nie Rongzhen supported Mao Zedong's correct opinion that the main force of the Red Army should develop to areas with weak Kuomintang rule. In April of the same year, Nie Rongzhen, as a political member of the East Route Army of the Red Army, took part in commanding the Zhangzhou campaign. Nie Rongzhen left an excellent impression on Mao Zedong for his calm and bravery in commanding the battle. At the same time, a series of correct strategies, tactics, policy thoughts and leadership abilities of Mao Zedong made Nie Rongzhen sincerely admire him. Nie Rongzhen's correct strategic and tactical thoughts and strategic thoughts learned from Mao Zedong have greatly benefited his later leadership of a large strategic area. In October 1934, the red army began the famous 25000 Li Long March in history. Chiang Kai Shek set up four blockades on the way forward for the Red Army. Nie Rongzhen and Lin Biao, the commander of the army, led the 1st Red Army Corps to take on the vanguard task of covering the central column and the CMC column. Nie Rongzhen led his troops to break through the first and second blockade lines of the Kuomintang. In the critical situation, he led his troops to seize Jiufeng Mountain and break through the third blockade line of the enemy, thus ensuring the safety of the left wing of the central column. The Red Army's breakthrough of the three blockades made Chiang Kai Shek restless. In order to encircle and annihilate the Red Army to the east of the Xiangjiang River, Chiang Kai Shek spared no effort to dispatch the warlord troops from Hunan, Guangdong and Guangxi to make careful arrangements to encircle, chase and intercept the Red Army. However, the internal conflicts between Xiangjiang and the faction led to "reactionary lines". However, due to the lack of military common sense and the failure to seize the favorable opportunities, the Red Army fell into a passive position along the Xiangjiang River. In order to protect the central column from crossing the river smoothly, Lin Biao and Nie Rongzhen led their troops to fight with the enemy on the shore of the Xiangjiang River. Under the condition of heavy losses, the Central Red Army finally broke through the enemy's fourth blockade line. After the Zunyi Meeting, under the leadership of Mao Zedong, Nie Rongzhen and Lin Biao led the troops to cross the Chishui River and Jinsha River skillfully, and got rid of the enemy's heavy troops. In May 1935, Nie Rongzhen was appointed as a political member of the Red Army advance team. Together with Liu Bocheng, the commander of the Red Army advance team, Nie Rongzhen led his troops through the Yi nationality area of Daliangshan to seize Anshun square, organized a commando team to cross the Dadu River, and then led the 1st red division and the cadre regiment northward along the East Bank of the Dadu River to defeat a brigade of the Sichuan army defending the enemy. He effectively coordinated the battle of the 4th Red division on the West Bank to seize Luding Bridge. In the middle of June 1935, Nie Rongzhen led the 1st division of the Red Army over jiajinshan and joined the leading forces of the Fourth Front Army of the Red Army in MaoGong. In late June 1935, at the meeting of the Political Bureau of the Central Committee of Lianghekou, Nie Rongzhen supported the Central Committee's policy of going north to establish the Sichuan Shaanxi Gansu revolutionary base and resolutely opposed Zhang Guotao's separatist activities. In late August 1935, Nie Rongzhen led the first division of the Red Army and the University of the Red Army as the advance team. After going through hardships, he crossed the grassland and arrived at the Russian border in early September 1935 to take over the Central Committee and the third Red Army. In the middle of September 1935, Nie Rongzhen and the Fourth Red Regiment under the command of Zuoquan captured the tiandang Lazikou and seized Hadapu, which once again opened the northern passage for the Red Army. In Hadapu, Nie Rongzhen accidentally learned from the Kuomintang's Shanxi daily that there was a base in Northern Shaanxi, and told Mao Zedong the good news of the day. Mao Zedong decided to march into northern Shaanxi. In October 1935, Nie Rongzhen and Lin Biao led an advance team into Wuqi town in the Soviet Area of Northern Shaanxi. Since then, they have finished a one-year journey of 25000

Chinese PinYin : Nie Rong Zhen