Su Xiaoxiao

Su Xiaoxiao

Su Xiaoxiao (479-502), a native of Qiantang (now Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province), was a famous Geisha in the Southern Dynasties and the Qi Dynasty. He often rode on the oil wall chariot. There are many poems about Su Xiaoxiao written by scholars in the past dynasties, such as Bai Juyi and Li He in Tang Dynasty, Zhang Dai in Ming Dynasty, Cao Juren and Yu Qiuyu in modern times. Some writers think that Su Xiaoxiao is "the Chinese version of Camellia girl".

Su Xiaoxiao has been able to write good poems since he was a child, but unfortunately his parents died when he was young, and he lived in his aunt's home by the Xiling bridge in Qiantang. Although she is a Geisha, she knows how to love herself and doesn't go with the flow. Su Xiaoxiao is very fond of the West Lake landscape, and has made a self-made oil wall car to travel all over the mountains by the lake. One day, walking along the lake embankment, I met Ruan Yu, a young man, and fell in love at first sight. But soon Ruan Yu's father, who was an official in Beijing, sent someone to urge him to return. There was no news from Ruan Yu. Su Xiaoxiao is unforgettable and always missing.

Su Xiaoxiao sympathizes with Bao Ren's poverty and gives generously to help him go to Beijing for an examination. After su Xiaoxiao was framed and put into prison, he was seriously ill. On his deathbed, he told the people around him: "I have nothing else to ask, I just want to bury my bones in Xiling after I die." Bao Ren, who took the exam and got the first place, later, in accordance with Su Xiaoxiao's will to "bury the bones of Xiling", invested in building a tomb at the side of Xiling bridge. A stone tablet was erected in front of the tomb, which was inscribed "Su Xiaoxiao's tomb in Qiantang.".

Su Xiaoxiao's story first appeared in Yutai Xinyong and Yuefu guangti. It is said that he was a famous prostitute in the Southern Qi Dynasty, beautiful and intelligent. In history, some local chronicles, legends and operas have further developed Su Xiaoxiao into an image of full personality.

Life of the characters

Su Xiaoxiao's family used to be an official in the Eastern Jin Dynasty. After being exiled from Gusu in the south of the Yangtze River to Qiantang, she relied on her ancestral property and became a relatively wealthy businessman in the area. Her parents only had a daughter like her, who was very fond of her. Because she was small, she was called Xiaoxiao. When Su Xiaoxiao was 15 years old, his parents died, so he sold his family property and moved to Xiling bridge in the west of the city with his nursing mother and aunt. They live in a small building in the pine and cypress forest. They live on their savings every day and enjoy the scenery. Because of her exquisite beauty and charm, there are always many young people following her behind her car. Without the control of her parents, Su Xiaoxiao was also happy to associate with literati and refined scholars. She often made friends with poems in her small building. Cars always came and went in front of her door. Su Xiaoxiao became a famous poet in Qiantang area.

One day, when Su Xiaoxiao was on a tour, he met a handsome young man, Ruan Yu. They fell in love at first sight. Ruan Yu visited Su Xiaoxiao's house and was treated by a beautiful woman. At night, they slept together. Since then, Su Xiaoxiao and Ruan Yu have been inseparable, traveling together every day. However, Ruan Yu's father was very angry when he heard that he was mixing with prostitutes all day in Qiantang, and forced him back to Jinling (now Nanjing). Su Xiaoxiao looks forward to it all day, but he doesn't see his lover coming back. He finally falls ill. Fortunately, she is not a person who likes to go to the top of the world. Some nice and elegant young men come into the house to chat with Su Xiaoxiao. She gradually recovers her old life of being full of cars.

On a sunny autumn day, on the lakeside, she saw a man who looked like Ruan Yu. However, she was frugal and depressed. After hearing the news, she learned that his name was Bao Ren. Because of lack of money, she was unable to take the exam. She felt that this man was extraordinary and would be able to go to high school, so she offered to provide money and material help. Bao Ren was very grateful and went to the examination room full of ambition.

At that time, Meng Lang came to Qiantang on official business. As an official, it was not easy to get to Su Xiaoxiao's door, so he sent someone to invite her to the mansion. Unexpectedly, Su Xiaoxiao had a big shelf and urged her to come several times. Meng Lang decided to make it difficult for her. He pointed to a plum blossom outside the court and asked her to write a poem. Su Xiaoxiao calmly recited: "although plum blossom is proud, how dare it fight against spring cold?"? If more points red and white, but also green eyes to see! Meng Lang was full of admiration.

Su Xiaoxiao died of illness the next spring. At this time, Bao Ren has been named as the governor of Huazhou. When he goes to his post, he passes by Su Xiaoxiao's house, but he catches up with her funeral. Bao Ren caresses her coffin and cries. He sets up a monument in front of her grave, saying: Su Xiaoxiao's tomb in Qiantang.

There is a poem that says, "jade was once buried here on the lake and mountain, and the flower and moon can cast gold.". The tomb is covered with a six pointed Pavilion called "Mucai Pavilion". It is said that it was built by Bao Ren, a scholar sponsored by Su Xiaoxiao.

"Born in Xiling, died in Xiling, buried in Xiling, live up to his lifelong love of landscape" is Su Xiaoxiao's last wish. Landscape is as small to me as it is to me.

The place for burying incense beside the Xiling bridge not only fulfills the wishes of the beauty, but also adds color to the landscape of the West Lake.

Character evaluation

The significance of Su Xiaoxiao lies in her unique confrontation with the orthodox personality structure. No matter how serious they are, they can be blameless in social character, but they often suppress the natural process of life itself and others. This kind of structure is so grand and strong that the torrent of life consciousness has to become unbridled and strange in the siege of mountains. There are paradoxes of morality and immorality, humanity and inhumanity, beauty and ugliness again: the great rationality of human nature is hidden in the social pollution, and the realization of this great rationality is often so strange that normal people can't tolerate it. On the contrary, the important proposition of history is often sacrificed by many people. The ideal state of one-way perfection is mostly dream. It is here that human beings find it difficult to break away from a great sorrow.

Yu Qiuyu's dream of the West Lake: in contrast to this bleakness, another kind of personality structure is mischievously crowded on the Bank of the West Lake.

Of course, Su Xiaoxiao, the famous prostitute, is second to none.

In any case, this talented woman's qualifications are older than those of the above-mentioned celebrities. In later generations' poems about the West Lake, Su Dongpo and Yue Fei are always intentionally or unintentionally placed behind this girl: "flowers are all over Su Xiaomen's gate, and women on Su Gong's levee are in charge of Cuan", "the Su family is weak, willows are charming, and Qiao song is loyal to Yue's tomb" Even Bai Juyi, who was a little older, described himself as Su Xiaoxiao's admirer: "if you find Xiao Xiao, you will find Su's family in the depths of green poplar"; and "Su's little girl is well-known in the past, but there is no love in front of willow wind.".

Zhang Zhenhua: China's ancient first beauty, the first talented woman, she is the most outstanding girl in history, Jiangnan talented woman, peerless beauty! As for the rumored identity of her, I think it should be an ancient artist.

Yuan Mei: "Suxiao is a native of Qiantang". The image of Suxiao itself is a dream. She attached great importance to her feelings and wrote a song of "Tongxin song", which said, "I ride on the oil wall car, I cross the green horse, where can I get Tongxin? Under the pines and cypresses of Xiling", which is simple and simple, and makes the endless scenery of young lovers dating. Beautiful car, beautiful horse, galloping together, completed a group of impressive emotional statue. It is also said that she ran into a poor scholar in the scenic spot and gave him a hundred liang of silver to help him go to Beijing. No wonder Mr. Cao Juren said she was an aesthete of Camellia women. In my opinion, she is more natural and unrestrained than the camellia girl. In front of her, other famous prostitutes with literary value in Chinese history have made themselves too narrow-minded, too serious for the sake of a heartbreaker or a court. Only her philosophical transcendence became a secret talisman in the minds of Chinese scholars.

Su Dongpo developed beauty into poetry and long dike. Lin Hejing placed beauty on plum blossom and white crane. However, Su Xiaoxiao always attached beauty to his own life. She doesn't make too many changes of materialization, but just radiates the microwave of life consciousness by herself.

Commemoration of later generations

Poetry commemoration

For Su Xiaoxiao song

"I'll take the oil wall car, and I'll cross the green horse. Where there is unity, under the pines and cypresses of Xiling. "

——Su Xiaoxiao (this poem should not be written by Su Xiaoxiao. The original title is Su Xiaoxiao's song, which is a folk song of the Southern Dynasty. It was first recorded in Yutai Xinyong, and the author has no further research.)

Li He's poem Su Xiaoxiao's tomb

You LAN Lu, such as crying eyes. No matter what the knot is, fireworks can't be cut.

The grass is as thick as the grass, and the pine as the cover. Wind is the garment, water is the pendant.

Oil wall car, night treatment. Cool green candle, glorious.

Under the Xiling, the wind blows and the rain blows.

wen tingyun

Song of Su Xiaoxiao

Don't break the ticket when you buy lotus, and don't break the gold when you buy wine. Spring in the wine,

Lotus seeds in the water. Wu palace daughter waist like bundle, home in Qiantang xiaojiangqu.

Since Tanlang, the spring water in front of the door is green every year.

Quan Deyu's su Xiaoxiao tomb

Eternal grave in, leisurely I find alone. Lonely red powder, dark lonely yellow spring deep.

The grass reflects the cold water, and the empty suburbs are warm and overcast. Romantic has a good sentence, Yin overlooking a sad.

Song of Su Xiaoxiao

Singing echoes, dancing clothes scattered autumn shadow. Dream of farewell brothel, eternal sweet bone cold. In the bronze mirror, there are two flying luans, one is hungry, the other is black, the other is the moon. The wind blows wild fire, the mountain demon laughs into the fox's den. Qiantang tide under the tomb of Xiling, the tide comes and goes, and the night returns to the dynasty. In front of the tomb, the willows can't be broken, and the spring breeze makes a knot.

Yuan Yishan's TISU Xiaoxiang

Huaiyin courtyard should be clear in the daytime, the curtain should be rolled and the wind should be transparent. The beauty pictures are collected by Xuanhe's famous pen. After Yingyan separated, the powder was light and the pear was thin. Except Su Xiao, who was not romantic, she inserted a Hemerocallis Phoenix hairpin.

Yuan Hongdao's Xiling Bridge

Xiling bridge, water forever. The pine leaves are as thin as needles, and they don't want to tie ribbons. Yingru shirt, Yan such as hairpin, oil wall car, for firewood. Green horse, from the West. Yesterday's tree head flower, today's stranger earth. Hate blood and cry soul, half by wind and rain.

Xu Wei's poem Su Xiaoxiao's tomb

A su small is Yefei, embroider mouth flower cheek rotten dance clothes.

Since ancient times, it's hard to get a beautiful woman again. Now let's fly together.

Xiebai side dew eye cry trace shallow, Panasonic concentric knot thin.

Hate not crazy, such as Da Ruan, will owe a mourning soldiers boudoir.

Zhu YIZUN's su Xiaoxiao tomb

The stream is clear, the bridge is horizontal, and the sound of pines and cypresses in front of the grave is small. Biyun stop, Biyun stop, think about the past, fragrant car oil wall light. The stream is full of red breasted birds

Chinese PinYin : Su Xiao Xiao