Ma Zhong
Ma Zhong
Ma Zhong? In 249, he was born in the name of Hu Tu, with the word of "De Xin". Langzhong, Brazil (now Langzhong, Sichuan). During the Three Kingdoms period, the generals of Shu Han Dynasty.
At the end of Jian'an, Ma Zhong was elected as Xiaolian and head of Hanchang. He was once called a virtuous person by Liu Bei. Zhuge Liang, the prime minister, opened his office and took Ma Zhong as the next governor. In the third year of Jianxing (225), Ma Zhong became the prefect of Jue county to pacify the Jue rebellion. Later, he served as the commander-in-chief and wiped out Liu Zhou's rebellion. The official went to Zhennan general, Ping Shang, and Li Feng Bo Yang Ting Hou and Peng Xiang Hou.
In 249, Ma Zhong died. Ma Zhong was the fourth governor of the Shuhan Dynasty. During his stay in nanzhong, he was stable, resolute, and respected by the people.
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Life of the characters
What our ancestors knew
Ma Zhong was born in Langzhong County, Brazil. As a child, he was fostered in his grandfather's family. His surname was Hu and his name was tu. later, his surname was restored and changed to Zhong. He was elected as Xiaolian in the last years of Jian'an, and was appointed as the head of Hanchang county.
In the second year of Zhangwu (222), Liu Bei was defeated in the war of conquering Sun Wu. Yan Zhi, the prefect of Brazil County, recruited soldiers from various counties to compensate for the army's losses, and sent the soldiers under the command of Ma Zhong to deliver them. At that time, Liu Bei had retreated back to Yong'an. After meeting Ma Zhong and talking with him, he told Liu Ba, "although I lost Huang Quan (Huang Quan was forced to surrender to Cao Wei at that time), I got Hu Du. There is no shortage of talents in the world!"
Counterinsurgency
Liu Bei died in April of the third year of Zhangwu (223). In May, the crown prince, Liu Chan, succeeded to the throne. In the same year, Prime Minister Zhuge Liang opened his office and appointed Ma Zhong as the next governor.
In March of the third year of Jianxing (225), Zhuge Liang sent troops to nanzhong and appointed Ma Zhong as the prefect. At that time, Zhu Bao, the governor of the county, made trouble in the county. Ma Zhong led an army to attack the county, defeat the rebels and kill Zhu Bao. After appeasing the rebellion, Ma Zhong appeased the people in the county, and paid attention to compassionate governance, so he had a great reputation and favor.
In 230, the prime minister Zhuge Liang was stationed in Hanzhong. The Shu Han court recruited Ma Zhong as the prime minister to join the army. He assisted the chief Shi Jiang Wan in dealing with the affairs of the left behind prime minister's office, and also served as the governor of Yizhou.
In the spring and February of the ninth year of Jianxing (231), Zhuge Liang sent troops to Qishan and attacked the Northern Wei Dynasty. At the intersection of summer and autumn, the rain continued, and the transportation of grain could not be continued. Li Yan, the protector of the central government, sent Ma Zhong and Cheng fan, the governor, to Zhuge Liang's army to explain the situation and let Zhuge Liang withdraw. Ma Zhong stayed in the army and helped Zhuge Liang manage military affairs.
In August of the same year, the Northern Expedition army retreated, and Ma Zhong led the army to fight against the Qiang people who had made trouble in Wenshan County. The Qiang people set up a stone gate in a brief place in the mountains, and laid stones on the stone gate to attack, in order to resist the attack of the Han army. Ma Zhong took Zhang Yi as the vanguard to fight. Zhang Yi skillfully used envoys to intimidate the Qiang people. Some of the leaders of the Qiang people fell in fear, and the rest fled to the valley. The army took the opportunity to attack and completely pacify the Qiang people.
Guard nanzhong
In 233, Liu Zhou, the leader of the Yi nationality, rebelled because Zhang Yi, the commander of the Yi nationality, was strict in law enforcement. Zhu Geliang took Ma Zhong as the commander of the Yi nationality instead of Zhang Yi. Ma Zhong lived up to his mission, killed Liu Zhou and put down the rebellion. The Shuhan court granted Ma Zhong the title of general Fenwei, the commander of the army, and the title of Marquis of Boyang Pavilion. Shortly after the suppression of Liu Zhou, the Liao people of Yao county and Xinggu County started to make trouble again. Ma Zhong ordered Zhang to go to the Crusade, recruited more than 2000 people and sent them to Hanzhong to enrich the Northern Expedition army of Shu Han.
In the third year of Zhangwu (223), Jianning county (former Yizhou County, changed to Jianning County after Zhuge Liang calmed down the nanzhong rebellion) rebelled against Yi and killed the new Taishou zheng'ang, and kidnapped the new Taishou Zhang Yi to the state of Wu. Therefore, the commander-in-chief of Zhuge Liang had been stationed in Pingyi County. After Ma Zhong became the commander-in-chief, he moved his office to Wei County of Jianning County, which was between Han nationality and Yi nationality, and strengthened the management of Yi people.
After Zhuge Liang appeased Gaoding rebellion in the third year of Jianxing, the Suoyi tribe made several disturbances and successively killed the Taishou Gong Lu and Jiao Huang. Since then, the Taishou of Yueyu did not dare to take office in the county, but only dared to stay in Anshang County, which is 800 li away from qiongdu. Therefore, Yueyu county has only its name. With the help of Zhang Yi, the governor of Yueyu County, Ma Zhong combined the power of en and Wei, suppressed the barbarians, moved back to the county, repaired the city, controlled the salt and iron resources, and re connected the road from Yueyu county to Chengdu, restored the communication between pavilions and post stations, so as to restore the old order of Yueyu county. Therefore, Ma Zhong was granted the title of General Annan and Marquis Peng.
In the fifth year of Yanxi reign (242), Ma Zhong returned to the Chengdu court. At that time, the great Sima Jiang Wan was stationed in Hanzhong and wanted to attack Weixing county and Shangyong County of the state of Wei, but the ministers of the court did not agree. The imperial court then sent Ma Zhong to Hanzhong to announce the imperial court's will to Jiang Wan. In addition to Jiang Wan's repeated attacks at that time, the Eastward Strategy was not realized. The imperial court worshipped Ma Zhong as the general of Zhennan.
In 244, Cao Shuang, the general of the Wei Dynasty, led the army to attack Hanzhong. The general went to the north to resist the enemy, leaving Ma Zhong in Chengdu, where he was engaged in writing and political affairs. After Fei Yi returned, Ma Zhong also returned to nanzhong.
Die in office
In 249, Ma Zhong died in office, and his son Matthew succeeded to the title.
Character evaluation
General comments
Ma Zhong was tolerant and measured. He only knew how to laugh. He never showed anger on his face. However, he was quick to make a decision when dealing with affairs, and he had both kindness and power. Therefore, the barbarians were very awed and loved him. After the death of Ma Zhong, the people under his rule came to the mourning hall of Ma Zhong in person to shed tears, and set up temples to commemorate him.
Historical evaluation
Liu Bei: Although Huang Quan died and Hu Du was restored, there is no lack of sages in the world.
Chen Shou: first, Ma Zhong was able to be resolute when he was disturbed. He made his fortune by showing his strong points and met the right time. ② Loyalty and generosity are measured, but when you laugh, you are not angry. However, things can be broken, and Wayne can stand side by side. ③ At that time, Deng Zhi was in the East, Ma Zhong in the south, and Ping in the north.
Chang Yu: Ma Dexin, Wang Zijun, Ju Xiaoxing and Zhang Boqi made great contributions. In the age of Liu Erzhu, they were called beautiful Jingchu.
Family members
Son
After Ma Zhong died, Matthew inherited the title of marquis Peng of Ma Zhong.
Ma Hui, Matthew's brother.
Ma Rong was the prefect of Jiaoji County in the Western Jin Dynasty.
grandson
Ma Yi, Ma Huizi, the prefect of Jianning County in the Western Jin Dynasty.
Commemoration of later generations
The hall of marquis Wu in the southern suburb of Chengdu, Sichuan Province, has 14 statues in the west corridor of the west side hall of Liubei hall to commemorate the generals of Ji Han Dynasty. Among them, the statue of Ma Zhong is the 11th. It was built in 1849. Zhao Yun, sun Qian, Zhang Yi, Ma Chao, Wang Ping, Jiang Wei, Huang Zhong, Liao Hua, Xiang Chong, Fu Jin, Ma Zhong, Zhang Yi, Zhang Nan, and Feng Xi ranked the top 14 statues.
Artistic image
Literary image
Ma Zhong appeared in the 87th to 102nd chapters of the romance of the Three Kingdoms as a general of the Shu Han Dynasty. On his first appearance, he followed the prime minister Zhuge Liang to the south to attack Meng Huo. Meng Huo sent Marshal Sandong to attack the Han Army in three ways: left, middle and right. Zhuge Liang sent Ma Zhong on the right to meet the enemy and attack Zhao Yun in two ways, defeating general a Huinan. When Meng zhuyou and his lieutenants were sent to fight in the Han cave, they were ready to surrender. But in the battle against Meng Huo's wife Zhu Rong, Ma Zhong was once captured to rescue Zhang Yi.
During Zhuge Liang's northern expedition to the Central Plains, Ma Zhong served as the leader of the right army as general Fenwei and Marquis Boyang tinghou. When he came out of Qishan, Wei general sun Liyu lured the Han Army to attack with food and grass, and took advantage of the opportunity to attack the Han Army camp. Zhuge Liang ordered Ma Zhong and Zhang Yi to ambush outside the camp, attack inside and outside, and defeat Sun Li. During the third Northern Expedition of Cao Wei, Zhuge Liang ordered Ma Zhong and others to lure the enemy into battle. The Han army took the opportunity to attack Wei's barracks and smashed Sima Yi. Zhuge Liang sent Ma Zhong and Zhang Yi to attack Cao Zhen's camp and defeat him. Zhuge Liang left Ma Zhong and Zhang Yi to defend Lu city. Sima Yi led troops to attack. Ma Zhong, Ma Dai, Jiang Wei and Wei Yan ambushed around Lu city and defeated Sima Yi once again. When the Han army withdrew, Ma Zhong and Yang Yi ambushed the wooden gate road of Jiange and shot Wei general Zhang Ying. When Zhuge Liang left Qishan six times, he sent Ma Zhong and Jiang Wei to lead the squadron to attack Weishui dry camp of Wei army, but they were defeated by Wei army.
Film and television image
1994 TV drama romance of the Three Kingdoms: Zhang Hao plays Ma Zhong.
Chinese PinYin : Ma Zhong
Ma Zhong
