Munch

Edvard Munch

Edvard Munch (December 12, 1863 - January 23, 1944) is a Norwegian expressionist painter, printmaker and pioneer of modern expressionist painting.

Edward Munch's paintings are characterized by strong subjectivity and sadness. His strong and vocative treatment of psychological distress had a major impact on the growth of German Expressionism in the early 20th century. His main works include the cry, the dance of life and the night of Karl John Street. On January 23, 1944, Edward Munch died in echo.

Life of the characters

Early experience

Edward Munk was born in Leiden, Norway, and grew up in Oslo on December 12, 1863. Edward monk's father is mentally ill. He instills a deep-rooted fear of hell into his children. He repeatedly tells them that if they commit crimes under any circumstances and in any way, they will be doomed to hell without any chance of forgiveness. In 1879, in order to become an engineer, Edward Munch went to engineering school. Influenced by Impressionism, however, frequent illness interrupted his studies. In 1880, Edward Munch left engineering school to become a painter. In 1881, Edward Munch was admitted to the Royal Academy of art and design in Oslo. His teachers were Julius Middleton, a sculptor, and Christian Kroger, a naturalist painter. In 1885, Edward Munch went to Paris. His works began to show the influence of French painters; first Impressionism, then Post Impressionism, and then new art modeling. Although Edward Munch's paintings are post Impressionist in style, they are symbolic in theme. The content of Edward Munch's paintings is to depict the inner world rather than the external reality.

Middle age experience

In 1889, he used the traditional painting method to create sick child and variant painting spring, so he won a scholarship to study in France and became a teacher of L. Boehner. In France, on the basis of studying Impressionism, he turned to Post Impressionism and nabit. He found that lines and colors have strong expressive force, trying to use them to draw living people, their breathing, feeling, suffering and love each other. in 1892, Edward Munch was invited to participate in the exhibition held by the Berlin artists' Union in November. Edward Munch's paintings became the object of bitter debate, and the exhibition ended a week later. In Berlin, Edward monk became a member of an international circle of writers, artists and critics, including Norwegian playwright Henry Ibsen and Swedish dramatist Auguste Strindberg. Edward Munch designed the setting for several of Ibsen's plays. in December 1893, Edward Munch held an exhibition in Berlin's famous avenue under the bodhi tree. Along with other works, Edward Munch presented a series of six paintings entitled "the study of love". This is the starting point of his series of paintings entitled "the ribbon of life, the poem of life, love and death". It includes the themes "storm", "Moonlight" and "starry night" deeply immersed in the atmosphere. Other themes reveal the dark side of love, such as rose and Emily and vampire. Death in the ward takes death as the theme, based on Edward Munch's memory of the death of his sister Sophie. in 1894, the "ribbon of life" was added to the works of "anxiety", "ashes", "Virgin Mary" and "three stages of women". At the turn of the century, Edward Munch completed his "ribbon of life" series.

Old age experience

In the fall of 1908, his anxiety became profound and he was hospitalized at Dr. Daniel Jacobson's clinic. Shock therapy in the hospital changed his personality. In 1909, Edward Munch returned to Norway and showed more interest in nature. His works became more colorful and less pessimistic. During the Nazi rule, Edward Munch's works were labeled "decadent art" and removed from German art galleries. Edward Munk, an anti Nazist, is very sad because he regards Germany as his second motherland. on January 23, 1944, Edward Munch died in akole near Oslo. He donated 1000 oil paintings, 15400 prints, 4500 sketches and watercolors, and six sculptures to Oslo. Later, in memory of Edward Munch, the Edward Munch gallery was built.

Character life

Edward Munk is a relative of the painter Jacob Edward Munk and the historian Peter Andre Edward Munk. Her mother, Laura, died of tuberculosis in 1868. After her mother's death, young Edward Munch was raised by her father, Christian Edward munch. My father was a doctor and a Christian. His mother died when he was young, his elder sister was killed by lung disease, and his younger sister suffered from mental illness. The misfortune of his childhood had a profound impact on his life.

Character influence

Historical development

Under the influence of philosophy and aesthetics at that time, he made great efforts to explore all kinds of conditions in the human mind, showing the themes of disease, death, despair, love and so on. Therefore, his creation has the title of "spiritual realism". Because of the attack of conservative forces, it was soon closed, but it stimulated the young German painters and promoted the expressionism movement.

Dissemination of ideas

Edward Munch expresses his feelings of life and death through themes. Each painting conveys the painter's feelings and emotions incomparably and strongly. The details of the specific object being depicted are simplified, while the emotions are exaggerated. The object itself becomes a carrier of the emotions to be expressed, although they are still concrete. These paintings have eternal power to frighten the soul. Behind all this, we can also see the scene of the "end of the century", the strange circle of the lost abyss of desire and the inescapable shadow of death, and the anxiety and helplessness of life intertwined. The amazing expressive power of Edward Munch's works comes from his sincere expression of the artist's inner world. Edward Munch's paintings are created with his whole heart.

Main works

Style features

With life, death, love, terror and loneliness as subjects, Edward monkhood expresses his feelings and emotions with strong contrast lines, color blocks, concise and exaggerated modeling. His painting style is the prelude of Expressionism in Germany and central Europe. Edward monk's early oil paintings "sick child", "beside the deathbed" and "mother's death" are mostly memories of childhood and adolescence. The oil painting night of St. Croix in 1890 and the oil painting night of Carl John Street in 1892 marked the turning point of his style and showed the characteristics of his expressionist painter. The most representative works in the 1990s are "love in spring" and "cry out". The former depicts people's fear of claustrophobia, while the latter depicts people's horror of loneliness and death. In 1894, he began to create woodcut, stone and bronze engravings. Most of his prints are based on oil paintings, among which the life group is the most outstanding, which is called the poetry of life, love and death by himself. in his career as a painter, Edward Munch has changed his artistic style many times. In the 1880s, Edward Munch was a naturalist and a semi Impressionist. In 1892, Edward Munch set up a comprehensive primitive painting style with his own characteristics, in which the color became a symbol and an element with carrying function. In the 1890s, Edward Munch tended to choose the painting space with shallow depth of field. He often placed the characters in the foreground. Edward Munch has always wanted to express the inner psychological state of the characters. The characters in his paintings present the posture that can best express this state. This arrangement makes Edward Munch's paintings bring a feeling that the characters, air, memory, action and time solidify in a flash, which may be the moment when the inner activities of the characters reach the peak. Edward Munch's characters, like the characters in a stage play, are likely to represent a specific emotion, similar to a certain body language. Because the characters in Edward Munch's paintings all bear the mission of expressing a specific psychological state, the men and women he created are not realistic. Edward Munch insisted that Impressionism was not suitable for his own art. He is not interested in describing any section of reality. What he wants to describe is the state which is full of emotional connotation and has great power of transmission. In order to achieve this goal, Edward Munch worked hard to conceive, and his works created a tense atmosphere.

Character evaluation

Edward Munch's works are bold and colorful, but they give people a strong sense of excitement, full of tension, depression and sadness. The world described by Edward Munch is the complex spiritual world of human beings. He deliberately expresses death, melancholy and loneliness. He describes the doubts and anxieties of the artist's lonely soul on life in the reality full of contradictions and pain at the end of last century. Art historians call Edward Munch an artist at the end of the century because his works reflect the spiritual life of a whole generation in Europe. In the era of Edward Munch, no other art can go deep into the soul like him

Chinese PinYin : Meng Ke