Yanni

Yanni Marx

Yanni Marx (February 12, 1814 - December 2, 1881), formerly known as Johanna "Jenny" Bertha Julie von westphalen, is a German sociologist and the wife of Karl Marx, a proletarian and Communist ideologist.

Life of the characters

family background

She was born in a German aristocratic family. Her father, Ludwig von Westfalen, was a businessman and later a privy adviser to the Prussian government, in charge of salzwedel and Trier. She is not only the former "Queen of Trier dance", but also received a good education.

Emotional process

In the late summer of 1836, Marx, a freshman studying law at the University of Bonn, went back to Trier to propose to his beloved girl. Yanni and 18-year-old Marx made a lifelong commitment. According to the custom at that time, this was unprecedented. Yanni, who was born into a noble family and has a beautiful life, is recognized as Trier's most beautiful girl and "Prom Queen". Many handsome noble youths are attracted by her. There are many suitors. There is no doubt that she can enter into a prosperous marriage. However, she despised all the traditional ideas of feudal society and capitalist society, and betrothed herself to a citizen class child without telling her parents. She could not predict the future of living with Marx. In October 1836, Marx transferred from the University of Bonn not far from home to the University of Berlin, which meant that they had to wait for a long time to be loyal to each other. On April 15, 1841, Marx got his Ph.D. in advance. As soon as the young Ph.D. arrived at Trier, he rushed to his beloved's home and delivered his doctoral thesis to Yanni's father. After years of separation, Yanni and Marx had planned to get married immediately. However, a doctoral dissertation alone can not be used as the basis for making a living, so he and Yanni have to give up the idea of marriage and continue to wait. From April 1842, Marx began to write for the Rhine newspaper. In October 1842, the shareholders of the Rhine newspaper appointed Marx. In March 1843, Marx was forced to withdraw from the Rhine newspaper. He then negotiated with Arnold Lugar about a plan to work together on publishing. After that, on June 19, 1843, he went to croznaher (Yanni moved to this place with her mother after her father died in March 1842), and married Yanni von westphalen, who had been waiting for him for seven years and was born in 1814 in a German noble (Baron) family. From their private engagement to their union, Yanni had been waiting for a long seven years. In the past seven years, except for a few gatherings with her fiance max, she could only accompany him from afar with her thoughts and letters.

marriage

After that, she devoted herself to serving her husband Carl. Copy Marx's manuscripts, correct the mistakes and polish them. In her marriage with Karl Marx, she had seven children, but only three daughters, Eleanor, Jennie and Laura, survived. The three daughters were also deeply influenced by their father. They shared part of Marx's work or participated in the workers' movement.

Because of Marx's outstanding contribution to the cause of communism and his ruthless exposure and criticism of the landlords and the bourgeoisie, all the reactionary forces cursed him and expelled him. He had to move around with his family, and his life was sometimes difficult to imagine. At the end of March 1850, Yanni, who was exiled to London with Marx, wrote a letter to her good friend Joseph weidmay, describing her life at that time: "because the nurse's salary here is too high, I feed my own children, even though my chest and back often hurt badly. The poor child has sucked so much sorrow and worry from me that he has been weak and sick and suffering day and night. Since he was born, he has not been able to sleep more than two or three hours in one night. Recently, there has been a violent draught, so the child is struggling on the death line all day. As a result of these ailments, he sucks so hard that my breast is lacerated by sucking; blood often flows into his shaking little mouth. One day I was sitting with him in my arms when the landlady came and asked me to pay her five pounds, but we didn't have any money. So two bailiffs came and seized my meager belongings - beds, clothes, etc. - even my poor child's cradle and better toys. They threatened to take everything away in two hours. I had to sleep with the shivering children Marx and Yanni had four daughters and two sons. Because of the above reasons, only three daughters (the eldest daughter Jennie Marx, the second daughter Laura Marx, and the third daughter Elena Marx) grew up [at that time, thanks to Helen demort Linyu, it would be difficult for Yanni to imagine how she and her children would live without such a loyal assistant].

Throughout her marriage, she has been suffering from the poverty of her family. Heavy economic pressure continued to add to her body, until 1867 after the publication of the first capital series, the family's financial situation improved.

In this situation, Yanni still deeply loves Marx. In addition to the responsibilities of mother and housewife, she also took on many other jobs besides worrying about her daily life. Yanni was Marx's indispensable secretary, and almost all Marx's manuscripts, most of which were difficult to identify, had to be transcribed by her before they were sent to the printing house or publishing house.

The dusk love between Marx and Yanni is more intense. In 1880, Yanni may have suffered from liver cancer. She endured great pain with amazing restraint. In these frightened years, Marx took care of his wife. In order to make her happy, Marx accompanied her to France to see his eldest daughter and several grandsons in July and August 1881. In the autumn of 1881, due to anxiety, insomnia and excessive physical exertion, Marx was also ill. He is suffering from pneumonia, and his life is in danger, but he still can't forget Yanni. "I'll never forget that morning," their little daughter said of their parents' old age. He felt much better and could walk to his mother's room. They all become young people together, just like a couple of young men and women who are beginning to live together, not like a sick old man and a dying old woman, not like people who are about to say goodbye. "

On December 2, 1881, Yanni fell asleep. This is the biggest blow that Marx has never suffered. On the day of Yanni's death, Engels said, "Moore is dead, too." In the next few months, he accepted the doctor's advice and went to a place with mild climate to recuperate. But no matter where I go, I can't forget Yanni. I can't stop my grief. He wrote to his best friend and said, "by the way, you know, few people are more against sentimentality than I am. But if I don't admit that I miss my wife all the time - she's inseparable from the best of my life - it's a lie. "

Character influence

Yanni Marx has a very important influence on Karl Marx's works. She jokingly called herself Marx's "secretary.". She not only transcribed and photocopied the manuscripts for Marx, but also discussed his articles with him.

Yanni Marx also had her own role in social movements. During her life in London, she also published political articles and papers through German newspapers.

Love letter

This is

Marx

A letter to his wife

Love in my heart:

I'm writing to you again, because I'm alone now, and I always feel very sad. I often talk with you in my heart, but you don't know at all, you can't hear or answer me. Although your photos are not very good, they are very useful to me. Now I finally understand why the "gloomy virgin" - the ugliest statue of the virgin can have fanatical admirers, even more than some beautiful ones. In any case, none of these gloomy Madonnas has been kissed so many times, seen so affectionately and worshipped so much as your picture. Even if you don't look gloomy in the photo, at least you are. It can't reflect your lovely, charming and sweet face that people want to kiss. But I moved the photo so that the sun could shine on it better and make you look better. And I found that although my eyesight was damaged by light and tobacco, I could still depict you in my dreams and even when I was awake. You really seem to be in front of me. I hold you to my knee and say, "I love you, ma'am!" In fact, I love you more than Othello's life. The world of lies and emptiness has a false and superficial view of people. Who among the innumerable enemies who slandered me and slandered me has ever accused me of playing the role of first-class lover in a second rate theater? But it is. If these villains had a little sense of humor, they would draw "production and management" on one side, and I would bow down at your feet on the other side, and then mark "look at this picture, and then look at that picture" under this satire

Chinese PinYin : Yan Ni