Encouragement (calming down the drum)

Name of China's national intangible cultural heritage: drum

Applicant: Pingding County, Shanxi Province

Item No.: 639

Project No.: Ⅲ - 42

Time of publication: 2008 (second batch)

Category: traditional dance

Region: Shanxi Province

Type: new item

Applicant: Pingding County, Shanxi Province

Protection unit: Pingding Cultural Center

Introduction to drum (Pingding Wufu drum)

Applicant: Pingding County, Shanxi Province

Chinese drum drum drum drum drum drum drum drum drum drum drum drum drum drum drum drum drum drum drum drum drum drum drum drum drum drum drum drum drum drum drum drum drum drum drum drum drum drum drum drum drum drum drum drum drum drum drum drum drum drum drum drum drum drum drum drum drum drum drum drum drum drum drum drum drum drum drum drum drum drum drum drum drum drum drum drum drum drum drum. In the book of changes, there is a saying that "the dance of drum is to do its best", which not only vividly reflects the long history of Chinese encouragement, but also outlines its main functions. From the original "beating the stone, supporting the stone and leading a hundred animals to dance" to the later generations, the Chinese drum dance has always been in the same continuous line. There are various forms of Chinese drum dance, which are widely distributed. There are many kinds of dances. Among them, the more typical forms are waist drum dance, broken drum dance, flower drum dance, wood drum dance, long drum dance, flat drum dance, copper drum dance, dragon drum dance, fan drum dance, yellow mud drum dance, elephant foot dance, monkey drum dance, flower whip dance, bamboo drum dance, Bell Dance, sheep skin dance and so on.

Pangu, also known as "Yamu" and "Jiagu", is one of the most representative folk dances in Shanxi Province. It came into being in 1073, the sixth year of Shenzong in the Northern Song Dynasty, and formed three kinds of drum in the Qing Dynasty. According to the literature records, the evolution of drum is clear. It was performed in the form of Zaju in GouLan Washe and changed into "Yuanxiao drum", "village drum" and "hezhuan drum".

Pingding Wufu drum is mainly spread in Pingding County, Shanxi Province. It expresses war life with symbolism. Its representative works include Zhu Tong's going up Liangshan, Zhao Kuangyin's going down Hedong and Li Zicheng's going to Beijing. In the dance, a total of 21 percussion instruments, including flat drum, musical Gong, cymbal, cymbal and cloud Gong, are used. Each of the 21 performers performs a complete set of classical gongs and drums while performing dance (playing back). According to the routine, a variety of arrays are arranged and constantly evolved. In this process, the actors are dressed in ancient wushehuo costumes, with a single flag on their back, eight treasure rope flowers on their chest, and a plum blossom pattern on the front and cheeks of the female horn. The headdress and facial makeup are similar to those of the opera characters. During the performance, the "Shuai" is the conductor of the central actors with drum beating and festival beating. The dance style is heroic and vigorous.

Pingding Wufu drum has preserved a complete set of classical percussion and drum tunes, performance array patterns and play back routines. The actors carry single banners on their backs, and the female horns draw "plum blossom faces". The performance characteristics are very close to the song Zaju's "Zhuanggu", which has high historical and cultural value. It is a living specimen of studying ancient military drum music, array, song Zaju's performance forms and folk God worship customs.

In recent years, with the acceleration of the process of modernization, Pingding Wu drum gradually declined. At present, the local old Wufu drum artists have died one after another, lack of inheritance, and the prospect is worrying, so it is urgent to protect and rescue.