Mountain climbing tune

Name of China's national intangible cultural heritage: mountain climbing tune

Applicant: Hohhot City, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region

Item No.: 590

Project No.: Ⅱ - 91

Time of publication: 2008 (second batch)

Category: Traditional Music

Region: Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region

Type: new item

Applicant: Hohhot City, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region

Protection unit: Wuchuan Cultural Center

Introduction to climbing mountain tune:

Applicant: Hohhot City, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region

Mountain climbing tune, also known as "mountain climbing song" and "mountain song", is a kind of short tune folk song popular in the central and western regions of Inner Mongolia. The artistic style of mountain climbing tune originates from the ancient style, which can be found in the book of songs. At the same time, it is also deeply influenced by the Northern Dynasty folk songs such as Chile song and Mulan CI.

The specific production time of mountain climbing songs can be traced back to the Qianlong and Jiaqing years of the Qing Dynasty. According to records, at that time, the general of Suiyuan City reclaimed land and recruited a large number of Han immigrants from Shanxi, Hebei, Shaanxi, Henan and other places. During the Xianfeng Period, successive years of famine and war prompted a large number of Han people from Shanxi, Shaanxi and other places to move to Daqingshan and settle down. Through long-term communication and collision, the immigrants brought their hometown folk songs to Inner Mongolia, and finally formed a mountain climbing tune that integrated the characteristics of Hebei, Shanxi, Shaanxi, Shandong and other folk songs, and absorbed Mongolian, Hui, Manchu and other folk music elements. The former is represented by Wuchuan, while the latter is represented by Hetao area. Outdoor mountain climbing tune is mostly sung by men, mainly labor songs, social songs, Life songs and love songs; indoor mountain climbing tune is mostly sung by women, mainly Life songs, love songs and gratitude and resentment songs.

The lyrics of climbing tune are short and pithy. They are mostly overlapped words in local dialect. The number of words is indefinite, and the virtual and real are alternating. Most of the music is composed of Zheng mode, Shang mode and Gong mode. Most of them adopt the structure of two sentences. The next sentence is the change and repetition of the previous sentence. The beat is dominated by two or four beats, and occasionally three or changing beats can be seen. In addition to the common pentatonic scale melody, the melody of hexatonic scale and even pentatonic scale can also be seen in mountain climbing melody. Their artistic styles are mostly high pitched, rough, open and unrestrained, and they are good at using such expressive techniques as Bixing, exaggeration and parallelism.

The mountain climbing tune is rich in content, and its common themes are historical legends, people's life, love songs, military and civil friendship. Its representative repertoire includes "want to kiss", "Yang Po Li holding firewood brother", "Da Heiniu ploughing loess" and so on. In the long-term development process, there have been many outstanding singers of mountain climbing tune. Mountain climbing tune is an oral art form created by Mongolian and Han working people. It plays an important role in promoting the prosperity of folk culture and the unity of all nationalities in Inner Mongolia. At present, the living environment of mountain climbing tune is gradually changing, and many excellent mountain climbing tune songs are on the verge of being lost, which need to be sorted out and protected.

Chinese PinYin : Pa Shan Diao