Guqin art (Lingnan School)

Name of China's national intangible cultural heritage: Guqin art (Lingnan School)

Applicant: Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province

Project No.: 65

Project No.: Ⅱ - 34

Time of publication: 2008 (second batch)

Category: Traditional Music

Region: Guangdong Province

Type: Extension Project

Applicant: Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province

Protection unit: Guangzhou Haizhu District Cultural Center (Guangzhou Haizhu District Intangible Cultural Heritage Protection Center)

Guqin art (Lingnan School)

Applicant: Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province

Guqin, also known as "Qin", "Qixian Qin", also known as "Lvqi", "Sitong", is a kind of flat stringed musical instrument. Guqin art is the oldest, the highest level of art in Chinese history, and the most national spirit, aesthetic taste and traditional artistic characteristics of instrumental music performance form, in addition to solo, also includes singing and playing both Qin song and Qin Xiao ensemble. According to the archaeological data, the shape of Guqin was complete in Han Dynasty. Through the creative development of daiqin people and literati, Guqin art has become more and more mature and perfect. It is closely related to social life, history, philosophy and literature. It has made great achievements in the accumulation of repertoire, playing skills, temperament, inheritance methods and Guqin technology, showing rich humanistic connotation.

The Guqin art of Lingnan School is mainly spread in Guangzhou City and surrounding areas of Guangdong Province, and its origin can be traced back to the northern and Southern Dynasties. During the period of Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms, Doctor Chen Zhongchen, the official Department of the Southern Han Dynasty, wrote ten volumes of Zhengsheng Qin Ji of the Tang Dynasty, which contains the comments of Qin players and the stories of ancient famous Qin players. At the end of the Southern Song Dynasty, the yuan army invaded the Central Plains, and the Song Emperor moved from Lin'an to Yanshan of Gangzhou. Gugang Prefecture is today's Xinhui County in Guangdong Province. It is said that the gugang genealogy of Xinhui is a legacy of that time. In the Ming Dynasty, there were many musicians in Guangzhou. Chen Baisha, Liang Qiyun, Shi Wenyi, Kuang Lu, Chen Zizhuang and Chen Zisheng were all famous for a time. In the Qing Dynasty, Lingnan Qin school became more and more famous. Huang Jingxing, a native of Xinhui, Guangdong Province, compiled wuxueshanfang Qinpu during the reign of Daoguang. He collected 50 pieces of QinQu, which reflected the artistic achievements of Lingnan qinpai in this period. Besides the above-mentioned people, yunzhigao, he Luoshu, he Yaokun and Yang Xiquan are also the most influential Qin people in Lingnan School.

Influenced by Confucianism and Taoism, Lingnan Guqin art has formed a clear and elegant, gentle and mellow, elegant and quiet style in repertoire, music structure, timbre and performance techniques. Most of his Qin songs are sentimental about the world, expressing his feelings for the mountains and rivers, and pursuing a state of peace and tranquility. His representative works include "water East tour", "Bijian Liuquan", "Yuqiao Q & a", "shenhuayin", etc. Lingnan School has also made a lot of achievements in Qin score and theory. The main school classics include yunzhigao's Liao Huai Tang Qin score (1686), Huang Jingxing's Wu Xue Shan Fang Qin score (1836), he binxiang's Qin Xue Hui Cheng (1869), Rong qingduan and Lin Zhixian's Qin se he Pu (1870), Zhu Qilian's e Gong CI Shuo Qin (1898), etc. In addition, the Lingnan School also has such famous Qin as "Tianyu", "Songxue", "Zhenyu" and "Narcissus". The elegant melody of Qingyin is in harmony with the handed down faqu.

The performance of Lingnan Guqin creates a clear, subtle, light and distant artistic conception, and builds a palace for traditional literati to express their feelings, cultivate their sentiment and purify their soul, which has strong Chinese national characteristics. With the acceleration of the process of modernization, the influence of foreign culture is increasing, and the traditional national arts such as Guqin are shrinking. In addition, Guqin is hard to learn, hard to inherit and hard to meet a bosom friend. Therefore, the Guqin art of Lingnan School is in danger of being lost, which needs to be rescued and protected.

Chinese PinYin : Gu Qin Yi Shu Ling Nan Pai