Wuzhou traditional residential building technology (Pujiang zhengyimen Building Technology)

The name of China's national intangible cultural heritage: Wuzhou traditional residential construction techniques (Pujiang zhengyimen construction techniques)

Applicant: Pujiang County, Zhejiang Province

Item No.: 960

Project No.: VIII - 177

Time of publication: 2008 (second batch)

Category: traditional art

Region: Zhejiang Province

Type: new item

Applicant: Pujiang County, Zhejiang Province

Protected by: Pujiang County cultural relics protection and Administration Office (Pujiang County zhengyimen cultural relics protection and Administration Office)

A brief introduction to the construction techniques of traditional folk houses in Wuzhou (the construction techniques of zhengyimen in Pujiang)

Applicant: Pujiang County, Zhejiang Province

Jinhua area in the middle of Zhejiang Province was called "Wuzhou" in ancient times. Its traditional dwellings are mainly distributed in Dongyang, Lanxi, Wuyi, Pujiang and other places. These buildings with a long history have ingenious layout and exquisite decoration, which fully show their superb construction skills.

There are more than 200 Ming and Qing houses in Zhuge village, Lanxi City, Zhejiang Province. The earliest building was built in 1350, the 10th year of the Yuan Dynasty. The earliest building in Yuyuan village of Wuyi County was built in the Southern Song Dynasty, and there are 130 houses in Ming and Qing Dynasties. Luzhai in Dongyang is a large residential complex in Ming and Qing Dynasties, with a construction area of 17000 square meters. The famous Suyong hall was built in Yongle period of Ming Dynasty. Zhengzhai town in Pujiang County is an ancient town inhabited by Zheng family. It was built in the early Northern Song Dynasty, covering an area of about 5000 square meters.

In the architectural design of traditional dwellings in Wuzhou, they pay attention to the perfect combination with the surrounding natural environment. Most of the dwellings built are close to mountains and rivers, with shady back and sunny back, undulating hills and Fu, and winding streams and rivers. Some of the buildings are in the traditional symmetrical form with vertical and horizontal lanes, while others are in the form of eight trigrams, radiating from the center to the outside. The architectural forms include ancestral hall, screen wall, memorial archway, stone bridge, hall, shop, library, stage, granary, dining room, dormitory, etc. it has complete functions and is comfortable and convenient to live. Ancestral hall is the core building of traditional dwellings in central Zhejiang. It is not only a place to sacrifice ancestors, but also a place for people to gather and discuss affairs and for elders to instruct their younger generation. The architectural pattern fully reflects the profound influence of Confucian ethical culture.

There are many kinds of decorative arts of traditional residential buildings in Wuzhou, such as stone carving, wood carving, brick carving, color painting and so on. Wood carvings are widely used in Liang Fang, Dou Gong, que Ti, gate and window lattice lattice lattice lattice, and so on. Village dwellings are generally in the form of green brick, grey wall, and horse head wall. Some dwellings, such as Lu's, have stone lions standing against each other at the door, which makes people feel dignified and solemn. Among the traditional residential buildings in Wuzhou, Zhuge village in Lanxi, Luzhai town in Dongyang and Zhengshi town in Pujiang are all key cultural relics protection units in China. Yuyuan village in Wuyi is a historical and cultural protection area in Zhejiang Province.

Zhengyimen ancient building complex is located in Zhengzhai ancient town, Pujiang County, Zhejiang Province. In the early years of the Northern Song Dynasty, the ancestors of Zheng family from Xinzheng, Henan province came to the Bank of Bailin river of Pujiang River to settle down, which has a history of more than 900 years. The Zheng family in Pujiang lived together for a long time and abided by the Confucian code of conduct in the process of development. It reached its peak at the end of Yuan Dynasty and the beginning of Ming Dynasty. It was repeatedly praised as "zhengyimen", "xiaoyijia" and "jiushicohabitation" by the imperial court, becoming a model of ruling the family by Confucianism at that time.

The ancestral hall of Zheng family in the ancient building complex of zhengyimen covers an area of more than 5000 square meters, with 64 rooms in two lanes, including porch, Shijian hall, atrium, orderly hall, worship hall, tingxun hall, Huishan hall, dormitory, granary, catering room, Prime Minister's room and wing room. It is large-scale and fully functional. In the courtyard of Shijian hall, there are nine ancient cypresses of the Yuan Dynasty. They are thick enough to be hugged and their branches are as green as green. It is said that they were planted by Song Lian, a famous Pujiang writer in the Ming Dynasty. There are plaques and couplets in Shijian hall, which are issued by the imperial court and inscribed by famous officials of all dynasties, including the plaques of "Xiaoyi" and "the first family in Jiangnan" in Hongwu Period of Ming Dynasty. There are many inscriptions on the four walls, and the "Bailin River" tablet written by the minister Tuotuo of the Yuan Dynasty is in it.

The ancestral hall of Zheng family is not only a place for the Zheng family to hold ceremonies, offer sacrifices to their ancestors, admonish their descendants and hold meetings, but also a place for the people to listen to and have meals. It plays an important role in the history of the Zheng family in Pujiang. Zhengyimen ancient architectural complex integrates ancient architectural ideas, traditional folk customs and Confucian culture in construction thought. The cultural relics and historic sites retained in the complex have high cultural value. At the same time, it also reflects the historical situation of Chinese feudal society in which Confucian rites govern the family. It has high research value in Chinese ethical history, social history and clan history.

Chinese PinYin : Wu Zhou Chuan Tong Min Ju Ying Zao Ji Yi Pu Jiang Zheng Yi Men Ying Zao Ji Yi