Traditional residence construction techniques in Wuzhou (ancient village construction techniques in Zhuge Village)

The name of China's national intangible cultural heritage: Wuzhou traditional residential building technology (Zhuge village ancient village building technology)

Applicant: Lanxi City, Zhejiang Province

Item No.: 960

Project No.: VIII - 177

Time of publication: 2008 (second batch)

Category: traditional art

Region: Zhejiang Province

Type: new item

Applicant: Lanxi City, Zhejiang Province

Protection unit: Lanxi Zhuge Tourism Development Co., Ltd

A brief introduction to the construction techniques of traditional folk houses in Wuzhou (the construction techniques of ancient villages in Zhuge Village)

Applicant: Lanxi City, Zhejiang Province

Jinhua area in the middle of Zhejiang Province was called "Wuzhou" in ancient times. Its traditional dwellings are mainly distributed in Dongyang, Lanxi, Wuyi, Pujiang and other places. These buildings with a long history have ingenious layout and exquisite decoration, which fully show their superb construction skills.

There are more than 200 Ming and Qing houses in Zhuge village, Lanxi City, Zhejiang Province. The earliest building was built in 1350, the 10th year of the Yuan Dynasty. The earliest building in Yuyuan village of Wuyi County was built in the Southern Song Dynasty, and there are 130 houses in Ming and Qing Dynasties. Luzhai in Dongyang is a large residential complex in Ming and Qing Dynasties, with a construction area of 17000 square meters. The famous Suyong hall was built in Yongle period of Ming Dynasty. Zhengzhai town in Pujiang County is an ancient town inhabited by Zheng family. It was built in the early Northern Song Dynasty, covering an area of about 5000 square meters.

In the architectural design of traditional dwellings in Wuzhou, they pay attention to the perfect combination with the surrounding natural environment. Most of the dwellings built are close to mountains and rivers, with shady back and sunny back, undulating hills and Fu, and winding streams and rivers. Some of the buildings are in the traditional symmetrical form with vertical and horizontal lanes, while others are in the form of eight trigrams, radiating from the center to the outside. The architectural forms include ancestral hall, screen wall, memorial archway, stone bridge, hall, shop, library, stage, granary, dining room, dormitory, etc. it has complete functions and is comfortable and convenient to live. Ancestral hall is the core building of traditional dwellings in central Zhejiang. It is not only a place to sacrifice ancestors, but also a place for people to gather and discuss affairs and for elders to instruct their younger generation. The architectural pattern fully reflects the profound influence of Confucian ethical culture.

There are many kinds of decorative arts of traditional residential buildings in Wuzhou, such as stone carving, wood carving, brick carving, color painting and so on. Wood carvings are widely used in Liang Fang, Dou Gong, que Ti, gate and window lattice lattice lattice lattice, and so on. Village dwellings are generally in the form of green brick, grey wall, and horse head wall. Some dwellings, such as Lu's, have stone lions standing against each other at the door, which makes people feel dignified and solemn. Among the traditional residential buildings in Wuzhou, Zhuge village in Lanxi, Luzhai town in Dongyang and Zhengshi town in Pujiang are all key cultural relics protection units in China. Yuyuan village in Wuyi is a historical and cultural protection area in Zhejiang Province.

At the end of Yuan Dynasty, around 1350 ad, Zhuge Dashi, the 27th generation sun of Zhuge Liang, chose Gaolong to build a village. Since then, the village has become more and more prosperous and famous, gradually taking Zhuge as its surname. Zhuge village, located in Lanxi City, Zhejiang Province, is located in the north of the central Zhejiang basin, with ups and downs of hills and fukies, negative shade embracing Yang, back mountains and facing water, and a very beautiful environment. The villagers designed the overall layout of the village according to the mode of nine palaces and eight trigrams handed down by the ancestor Zhuge Liang. In the village, Zhongchi was the core, eight alleys radiated inside and outside, forming the inner eight trigrams, and eight hills surrounded outside the village formed the natural outer eight trigrams. Up to now, there are more than 200 well preserved ancient buildings of yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties in Zhuge village. These buildings have reasonable layout, well arranged eaves, vertical and horizontal roadways, well arranged levels, and diverse landscapes, forming a building community with rich changes and peculiar appearance. The architectural style of "blue brick, gray tile, horse head wall, fat beam, fat column, small boudoir" is praised by experts and scholars as "traditional ancient villages in the south of the Yangtze River "The model of ancient dwellings" is of great research value in the history of Chinese architecture and folk custom. In 1996, the ancient houses in Zhuge village were listed as the national key cultural relics protection units by the State Council.