Fuzhou Fuyi

Name of China's national intangible cultural heritage: Fuzhou Fuyi

Applicant: Fuzhou City, Fujian Province

Project No.: 251

Project No.: V - 15

Time of publication: 2006 (the first batch)

Category: quyi

Region: Fujian Province

Type: new item

Applicant: Fuzhou City, Fujian Province

Protected by: Fuzhou Pinghua folk art school (Fuzhou folk art troupe)

Brief introduction of Fuzhou Fuyi

Applicant: Fuzhou City, Fujian Province

Fuzhou art is a traditional form of singing. It is popular in Fuzhou City, Minhou, Changle, Lianjiang, Fuqing and other counties in Fujian Province, and has spread to Taiwan Province, Hong Kong and Macao. It is also sung in the areas inhabited by Fuzhou overseas Chinese in Myanmar, Singapore, Indonesia and other countries. It was originally called singing. In 1943, artists from the industry established the "Fuzhou arts, music and singing Association", which was named Fuzhou arts.

It is said that Fuzhou's dance art was created and developed by folk singers on the basis of folk song tunes and referring to folk social fire activities. It was formed in the Jiajing period of Ming Dynasty. In the Qing Dynasty, there were many folk troupes, which were mainly performing arts, known as "troupes". The famous troupes were Da Yunxiao, Jia Yuntian, ya Letian, Tong lexuan, etc. During the period of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom, a large number of refugees from Zhejiang, Anhui and Jiangxi fled to Fujian. The accompanying artists gathered in Jingyuan lane and jiaochangyan area of Fuzhou, singing along the streets with Jianghuai minor, lianhualuo and Yiyang tune, which had a great impact on the local art. After the war of resistance against Japan, art performance gradually declined. At the beginning of the founding of the people's Republic of China, relevant departments supported Fuzhou arts, established the Fuzhou arts workers' Association, established five special performing arts venues, and organized artists to set up performance teams and singing groups to perform. In 1960, Fuzhou quyi troupe, which is mainly for performing arts, was established, which revived this traditional art.

Fuzhou art uses Fuzhou dialect rap, usually in the form of one or two people playing erhu or Sanxian rap, mainly singing, sometimes speaking table, and others accompanied by Sanxian, Yueqin, low Hu, etc. Among them, the long program of rap performance is called "Pinghua", and the way that many people perform erhu, Sanxian, Yueqin, Dihu, bangu, tanban, paoqing, dancymbal, flute, Sheng, xiaosuona and other self accompaniment surround singing or turn singing is called "quantang". In the traditional Shehuo performance, acrobatic performances such as running a dry boat, walking on stilts, Taige, horse and playing lotus stick are also performed. The singing tunes of Fuzhou art can be divided into four categories: "douqiang", "Jianghu", "Ge" and "Xiaodiao", and there are other folk tunes such as "Cailian drum", "New Year's song", "crab song" and "Shuo". Its program is mainly based on medium stories, supplemented by Sanqu singing. Traditional programs can be divided into four categories according to the singing tunes used: Jianghu edition, song edition, douqiang edition and ditty. Among them, the representative programs of Jianghu edition include pearl tower and mother of the golden tortoise. The representative programs of song edition include Bai Fan Ji and tea picking Ji. The representative programs of douqiang edition include Ziyu Chai, monkey complaint and Ganoderma lucidum grass 》And Wang Zhaojun, etc. These programs are the main body of Fuzhou art programs, in addition, there are various tunes comprehensive use of Pingshuo. In the latter half of the 20th century, many new programs reflecting real life appeared, such as "three red brothers", "beautiful rivers and mountains", "a photo" and "thinking of home". Meanwhile, some excellent traditional programs such as "thinking of the world" were arranged and performed.

Since the beginning of the 21st century, the development of Fuzhou art is in an endangered state, the bookstores have all disappeared, and the number of high stage performances has dropped sharply from more than 4000 a year in the 1930s to less than 300 a year now. Talent shortage, serious loss of Qu Ben, less than 15 actors, serious loss of genre art, difficult enrollment, urgent need for effective support and protection.

Chinese PinYin : Fu Zhou Ze Yi