Quzi Opera (Huating Quzi Opera)

Name of China's national intangible cultural heritage: Quzi Opera (Huating Quzi Opera)

Applicant: Huating County, Gansu Province

Project No.: 213

Project No.: Ⅳ - 69

Time of publication: 2006 (the first batch)

Category: Traditional Drama

Region: Gansu Province

Type: new item

Applicant: Huating County, Gansu Province

Protection unit: Huating Cultural Museum (Huating Art Museum)

Introduction to Quzi Opera (Huating Quzi Opera)

Applicant: Huating County, Gansu Province

Huating County, Gansu Province, is located at the east foot of Guanshan Mountain. In ancient times, it was an ancient Silk Road from Guanlong to the western regions. With a total area of 1186.55 square kilometers, it has jurisdiction over 5 towns, 5 townships, 112 villages and a total population of 155017.

Huating Quzi opera originated in song and Yuan Dynasty, flourished in Ming and Qing Dynasty, especially in the Republic of China. Huating Quzi opera is a kind of drama. It is also known as "xiaoquzi", "Xiaotan", "ditanzi", "xinziqiang" and so on. It has the traces of Yuan zaju. Singing is a kind of couplet, which is composed of many tunes. From the content, it can be divided into drama, comedy and tragedy. The song begins with the tunes of "qianyuediao" and "beibeigong", and ends with "Yuediao tail". The title of the play is announced in the libretto at the end of the play. The long and short sentence patterns and palace tunes of the libretto have the style of yuan and Song Ci. It retains the trace of the transformation from quyi to opera. All the plays are short and simple. They are only performed from the fifth to the 23rd day of the first lunar month. They are usually performed at weddings, funerals and temple fairs. They still perform themselves and enjoy themselves to this day. There is no martial arts play, no fixed program for performance, flag for sedan chair, drum for mill, whip for horse, tent for bed. Business can be divided into Sheng, Dan and Chou. The band is divided into civil and martial arts: the civil band is mainly composed of three strings, supplemented by Banhu, erhu, dizi and Dihu; the martial arts band starts with gongs and drums, singing with the rhythm of "four tiles" and Shuizi (ringing bells). After the Republic of China, due to the introduction of Qin opera and Meihu opera, the north area of Nahe still retains the old tune and performance mode of Quzi opera, while the south area of Nahe absorbs some characteristics of Meihu opera, but it is basically based on the mode and performance form of Quzi opera.

Huating Quzi Opera plays a positive role in activating the cultural life of the masses in the mountainous areas, cultivating their emotions, promoting the good and suppressing the evil, and educating the masses through education and entertainment. With the rapid development of social economy and technology, Quzi opera has been faced with severe and unprecedented challenges. With the infiltration of multi culture, the popularization of information network and television, the diversification of entertainment methods, and many other factors, such as the death or age of the inheritor of Quzi opera, more than 50 repertoires were lost in 1990, and 50% of Qupai were lost, making Quzi opera endangered.