The place name of Xiahe Township, Zhejiang Province

Xiahe Township

In many places with the characteristics of Jiangnan Water Town in Wenzhou, the most typical one is the river town. The Shanghe and Xiahe townships outside Wenzhou, especially the Xiahe townships, are representative. Xiahe Township belongs to the plain of water network, with dense rivers, surrounded by tuantan, citrus forest, and deep pastoral scenery. The land here is plump, the scenery is clear and beautiful, and the rice is ripened twice a year. It is known as the "land of fish and rice"

Documentation

It is said that a long time ago, when ou lived in the sea, Xiahe township was once a vast ocean, with vast blue waves and myriad vistas. Today's Daluo mountain and chuitai mountain were islands in the rough sea at that time. Sand gulls and egrets roam in the green forest on the beach, and the waves beat the shore directly. There are more boats to rest and stay here. With the passage of time, the crustal movement changed and experienced countless sea land changes. The sea water gradually retreated and the land began to appear on the ground, so Xiahe Township became a treasure land. Today, from the excavation of ancient fishing boats, masts, coal mud (wood rot matter) and other historical relics in South China, as well as the place names such as xixidi, nanxianyang and fanyoushan that have been handed down since ancient times, we can see that the vicissitudes of life are not fabricated out of thin air. There is a certain basis for ancient rumors. Wenzhou has indeed risen from the vast ocean to land.

Geomorphic formation

Xiahe Township belongs to the alluvial (silting) plain, which is a natural masterpiece of sea water fluctuation movement and river and mountain water erosion. The momentum of the mountains and the soul of the sea make Wenzhou a beautiful and rich land. At that time, the vast and surging sea water brought rich silt here, which provided good planting conditions for agricultural production. The surging stream water washed countless times, forming many rivers, extending in all directions. As a result, the villagers moved from outside one after another to work, live and multiply in this happy land where there is soil for farming, mountains for hunting and firewood, water for boating and fishing, which opened the history of Xiahe township. After generations of working people's efforts to transform, gradually developed into today's prosperous Xiahe township.

Place name characteristics

Xiahe township is a general term of place name, which has been gradually formed in the long-term historical development process, and has been widely spread among the people, with regional, spontaneous, popular and stable characteristics. It has remained unchanged for thousands of years and has been followed up to now. Xiahe Township and yongjiachang are bounded by maozhuling south, liwangjian and niududun in the East, Fanyou and xiadun of Ruian County in the South (now belongs to Li'ao town of Ouhai District), Shanghe Township in the west, Oujiang River and Wenzhou City in the north. Its regional scope was divided into Yingfu Township, Dezheng Township and chuitai township. Five capitals of Yingfu Township belong to yongjiachang and half to Xiahe township; six capitals to nine capitals of Yingfu Township and ten capitals to thirteen capitals of Dezheng Township belong to Xiahe township; fourteen capitals and fifteen capitals of chuitai township are the boundary between Shanghe Township and Xiahe township. Today, the four streets of Wutian, Chashan, nanbaixiang and Sanlong in Ouhai, as well as the two towns of Zhuangyuan and Puzhou in Longwan District are all the places of Xiahe township. Liming Township, Nanjiao Township, Hongdian street and puxie street in Lucheng District are also Xiahe township. There are 206 place names of Xiahe village recorded in Yongjia county annals · Xiangdu (1862) in the eighth year of Guangxu reign of Qing Dynasty, which is nearly the sum of Shanghe Village (101) and yongjiachang Village (115)

Geomorphological features

The reason why Xiahe township is called Xiahe township is, of course, closely connected with water. Here, rivers extend in all directions, crisscross, the shape of the meridians network, boats are smooth. On the river, countless islets, large and small, are scattered all over the place. They are floating in the water, surrounded by pools. In the past, there were three ridges, one with the saying that you can't leave the boat when you go out. The village here is adjacent to water, and the place name is naturally stained with a bit of moisture, with a bit of deep water culture. For example, Henghe River, Hezhuang River, Hetou River and Qiaotou River are called as "River"; muzhou River, yueluo River, Dawang River, Houlong River, Gaolong River, Donglong River, Shanglong River, Penglong River, Panlong River and Lilong River are called as "River"; Hetou River, Shuitan River and Yingtan River are called as "pool"; Nantang River, Tangdong River and Tangxi River are called as "pool"; Nanhu Lake, Cihu River and Ehu River are called as "Lake"; They are called "Zhou", such as Puzhou, Renzhou and Baozhou; they are called "Pu", such as Shanglu and Xialu; they are called "Gang", such as henggangtou; they are called "Jia", such as Jiadi, yugua, Lianjia, Denglong, shangchi. Bridge is the symbol of water town. In Xiahe Town, bridges are all over the place, and many of them are named after bridges, such as Zhuangyuan bridge, Sanlang bridge, Jiangjia bridge, Muyu bridge, Zhongqiao bridge, Tangjia bridge, Zhuanglong bridge, etc. Li jia'an, Lu jia'an, Chi Di, Wan Di, Heng Du, Dai Xia, and Sha Tan tou are also closely related to water. In a word, Xiahe township is a typical ancient water town in the south of the Yangtze River, which is Venice in the East.

Mountain context

There are mountains in the territory. In the East, there is Daluo mountain and Yongjia field. Cui Wei's writing is magnificent. There are dajiantou, niududun, ranaoshan, Chashan and xiatan mountains in the tributary territory, maozhuling mountain and liwangjian mountain at the junction of yongjiachang, Shoutao mountain and Fanyou mountain at the junction of Ruian. Qu Yushan is located in the north, near Oujiang River. It is said that Qu Su, the daughter of Wu shilie, lived there and got her name. In the southwest, there is Mt. chuitai, which borders Shanghe township. It is said that it was the place where the prince Jin, the son of King Ling of Zhou, played the Sheng, and got its name from it. It is more than 20 miles wide and has many branches. There are wangongchi mountain, Cihu mountain and Toutuo mountain in the territory. There are Lianhua Mountain, Lingtou mountain, Liyu mountain and Niushan at the border with Shanghe township. The water network plain is Yuyu Island, with the sea level below 70 meters. There are Mayu mountain, Jinyu mountain, Huangyu mountain, Zhangyu mountain, Tongyu mountain, ZHANGAO mountain, etc.

Water network

Wenruitang River, which runs through the river, is the main stream in the territory. The source of the river is the Salman River, the Beizhuang River and the Cihu River, the ding'ao River, the Shun'ao River, the Chashan River, the Shangen River, the Wolong River and the du'ao River, the yueluolong River, the Dianqian River, the Henghe River, the Shanglong River, the Shuitan River, the kuailongqiao River, the shierjianqiao River, the wangzengqiao River, the Lupu River, the Hongdian River and the Puzhou river. The main source of Wenruitang River comes from the water of three streams in Shanghe township. Outside the south gate, it leads to the east gate of Ruian. Because it is located in the south of Wenzhou City, it is commonly known as Nantang river. According to Yongjia county annals written by Guangxu of the Qing Dynasty, "from BaiLiFang to Pingyang Island, there are lotus flowers in one hundred Li. Wang Xizhi went on a boat from the south gate to enjoy the lotus flowers." Therefore, it is also known as Baili Fangtang river. Wenruitang River was silted up by Haihe River at the beginning, and then it was reclaimed, built, developed and dredged by people of all ages. In the Southern Dynasties of Liu and Song Dynasties, it was already a thoroughfare for water transportation. When Xie Huilian was a guest in Yongjia, he once sailed from Bailu city. In the 14th year of song Chunxi (1187), Shen Shujun, the governor of Wenzhou, rebuilt the Nantang River, which not only provided irrigation and drainage benefits for the farmland on both sides of the river, but also created favorable conditions for the increasingly prosperous river transportation in the future. Since ancient times, Nantang river is also a famous place for dragon boat races in Xiahe township.

Climatic Causes

Xiahe township has fertile land, suitable climate and abundant rainfall. It is suitable for planting crops and is famous for its rich products. The red bayberry in Chashan is the best in Wenzhou and has long been famous. According to Yongjia county annals written by Guangxu of the Qing Dynasty, "the taste of tea mountain is better than that of tea mountain", and Guo Zhongyue of the Qing Dynasty wrote a poem "when the red bayberry is ripe, the mountain is red". In ancient times, there were many plum trees in Chashan and Nanliu, which were planted all over the mountain. In Qing Dynasty, there is a poem saying: "thousands of jade plum blossoms are slanting horizontally", and Guo Zhongyue also has a poem to praise the plum blossoms in tea mountain. Citrus is a famous traditional specialty fruit in Xiahe Township with a long history of cultivation. In the first year of Shangyuan (674) of Emperor Gaozong of Tang Dynasty, Wenzhou citrus was listed as a tribute of the imperial court. In the Song Dynasty, the area of nanxianyang was planted everywhere, and then gradually extended to Wutian and Chashan. "Yongjia spectrum" says: "citrus production, should be Fu, Dezheng two Township all out." It can prove the prosperity of citrus cultivation. In addition, the "huangyezao" tea in Chashan, Sanlong and Xingling in nanbaixiang are also famous specialties in Xiahe township.

Human customs

Xiahe township is a rich, beautiful and passionate land. The vast paddy fields are the source of life, and the beautiful mountains are the symbol of the people's self-improvement. The common people living here have farmland for farming, water for fishing, and mountains for firewood. Therefore, they do not have to go far away to live and work in peace and contentment and live a rich life. The unique advantages of mountains and rivers and superior geographical environment have brought infinite vitality and prosperity to Xiahe township. Wenruitang River is the hub of water transportation. Due to its special geographical location, the people of hometown live in the river and make profits by the favorable location. With the rapid development of population, it forms a prosperous business zone. In the Ming Dynasty, Wutian was already a place where merchants gathered and became a capital. There are many shops and shops along the street. The goods are complete and the trade is frequent. The Nantang river is full of transport ships, which are crisscross and crowded. In the Qing Dynasty, business rose in the area of baixiangtangxia and was set as a town. For a time, Nantang River "transport boats such as flying swallow", night boats constantly shuttle back and forth, there is a poem: "river water yangjinglan, Jiaan banyan Yin embracing green mountains. In the middle of the night, the boat is in a dream of passengers, and the moon comes to Zhang'an in the evening It can be imagined that the business and passenger transportation was very busy at that time.

Folk culture

Wenzhou is the hometown of culture, and has been known as "little Zou Lu in the Southeast" since ancient times. In the Southern Song Dynasty, the style of study was flourishing, and there were many academies and schools. Mao Gu founded Nanhu school in Xiahe tea house temple, and invited Chen Fuliang, Cai Youxue, Ye Shi, Chen Zhi to teach. After that, sun WuJie, a famous Minister of Wu, set up the chuitai school (also known as Cihu school) at the foot of the chuitai mountain, giving lectures and teaching apprentices, which was praised by the magistrate Yang Jian and was followed by many people for a while

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