Daxueshan Yi Lahu Dai Township, Yongde County, Lincang City, Yunnan Province

Township of Yi, Lahu and Dai nationalities in Daxueshan

Daxueshan Yi Lahu Dai township is located in the southeast of Yongde County, west of Lincang City,. It borders Gengma county and Yun County in the East and northeast, faces Gengma County in the south, Chonggang Township and Banka Township in the west, Yongkang Township in the northwest, and Yalian and wumulong Township in the north. Township government resident (Mengzhi) 940 meters above sea level, 157 kilometers away from the county town of dedang, 110 kilometers away from Lincang City.

General situation

Daxueshan Yi Lahu Dai township is located in the west of Lincang City, Southeast of Yongde County. It borders Gengma county and Yun County in the East and northeast, faces Gengma County in the south, connects Chonggang Township and Banka Township in the west, Yongkang Township in the northwest, and Yalian and wumulong Township in the north. The township government (Mengzhi) is 940 meters above sea level. Its geographical coordinates are 99 ° 44 "E and 24 ° 01" n. It is 110 kilometers away from Lincang City and 157 kilometers away from dedang county. The total land area is 379.11 square kilometers.

natural condition

The terrain of the whole area inclines to the southeast. From the main peak of Daxueshan with the highest altitude of 3504.2 meters in the north to the intersection of Nanting River and mangka River in the South with the lowest altitude of 630 meters, the terrain drops sharply. The relative elevation difference is 2874.2 meters, the average slope ratio is 1 ∶ 6, and the average slope is 9.64 degrees. According to this terrain, the North-South ridge and valley are widely developed in the territory. During this period, the piedmont zone and valley area are the main habitat of the township.

The climate and environment of the whole township are generally controlled by the Indian Ocean warm air flow and the Qinghai Tibet cold air flow. It belongs to the subtropical Valley monsoon climate with low latitude and high altitude. It is characterized by prominent differences in small areas, typical vertical distribution, and obvious three-dimensional climate. There are popular folk Sayings: "snowflakes float on the top of the snow mountain, rubber is cut by the Nanting River", "one mountain is divided into four seasons, and different days are separated". The annual average temperature is about 23.3 ℃, the annual accumulated temperature ≥ 10 ℃ is about 7386.9 ℃, the annual average rainfall is 1014.1 mm, and the average relative humidity is 76%. There are 10757.47 hectares of hot areas on both sides of the Nanting river at an altitude of less than 1300 meters, accounting for 27.33% of the total land area; there are 555.16 hectares of cold mountain areas at an altitude of more than 2500 meters, accounting for 14.1% of the total land area.

The soil types in the territory are mainly red soil, red soil, yellow soil, yellow brown soil, brown soil and subalpine shrub meadow soil. Most of the soils are rich in organic matter, deep in soil layer and high in natural fertility. There are many kinds of animals and plants. The dominant tree species are Quercus, Pinus yunnanensis, Pinus kesiya, Schima superba, hemlock, walnut, Pinus armandii, Pinus thunbergii, birch, cypress, etc.

The natural landscape in the territory mainly includes the virgin forest of Daxueshan nature reserve, wanzhangyan waterfall, dayanfang stone Buddha cave, hupoxianren cave, Nanting River subtropical scenery, etc.

history

Daxueshan township has a long history, rich resources and beautiful mountains and rivers. For hundreds of years, hardworking, brave, simple, kind and good at singing and dancing, the people of all ethnic groups have written a magnificent history of the frontier nation, bravely showing Lin Chunlian, Yang Shaoli and many other heroes in the Anti Japanese War and suppressing bandits, and bravely showing Zhang Zhaodi, Feng Xiaoba and many other labor models after liberation. Since the reform and opening up, under the correct leadership of the Communist Party of China, the people of the whole township have created the brilliance of the minority Township with their hard-working hands, and are working hard to become the Pearl of Nanting river. In June 1953, Daxueshan production security committee was established

Huashan commune was established in October 1958

In 1961, Huashan commune was changed into Daxueshan commune

Daxueshan District Office was established in September 1962

Daxueshan Revolutionary Committee was established in July 1968

The reform committee of Daxueshan commune was established in June 1969 (the residence was moved from manlai to Mengzhi)

In March 1982, the reform committee was abolished and changed to the management committee

In February 1984, the commune was abolished and divided into districts, known as Daxueshan commune.

Geography and climate

Daxueshan Yi Lahu Dai township is located between 99 ° 44 ″ E and 24 ° 01 ″ n. Nanting River, the largest river in Daxueshan, flows from northeast to southwest. The highest altitude is 3504.2 meters, the lowest is 630 meters, and the relative elevation difference is 2874.2 meters. The annual average temperature is 20.3 ℃, the annual average rainfall is 1014.1 mm, and the average relative humidity is 76%. It belongs to the monsoon climate of the subtropical valley. The dry and wet seasons are distinct, and the three-dimensional climate is prominent. There is a saying that "one mountain is divided into four seasons, and ten li has different days".

population distribution

The township has 8 villager committees, 56 natural villages and 90 villager groups, inhabiting 12 ethnic groups, including Han, Yi, Lahu, Dai and Bai. At the end of 2008, the total population of the township was 18341, including 4222 farmers and 17223 agricultural population, with a population density of 48 people per square kilometer.

human geography

Local Customs

With the deepening of reform and opening up, there are many folk customs in Daxueshan Township, such as wedding and festival "singing"; national day fair; Tomb sweeping in March. It is the Dai nationality that has preserved the minority customs completely. Every year in the middle of April (the Dai new year), the Dai people hold celebrations such as dancing, splashing water and setting off homemade fireworks.

cultural relics and historic sites

Yunnan Myanmar Railway: in 1941, the railway line from Kunming to Myanmar was built, passing through the West Bank of Nanting River in Daxueshan Township, with a total length of 30 km from the foot of dahongyan mountain in maqianqing village to the foot of bingzhongbazhai village in Dapingzhang village. Due to the war, it was shut down in May 1943 and many roadbeds were destroyed. The Yunnan Myanmar railway was not built. The pier of baishitoukou Railway built in that year is still in existence, and the excavated one in that year The subgrade is intermittent, and the culvert 23 km away from Pangu road is still clearly recognizable.

HUPO Cave: HUPO cave is located in a small sharp ridge one kilometer away from HUPO village. Starting from HUPO, follow a mountain path, from north to south, cross the ridge but not the slope, turn left to reach the entrance of Yanjiao cave, which is the only way. There is a well spring at the entrance of the cave, which is not withered and does not rise all the year round. It can be used for drinking and gargling. The cave is an exquisite wall, and the biggest one is immortal cave. Its mouth is small as a door, and it can only hold one body. Its inner room is like a palace, and it can hold hundreds of people. From 1950 to 1951, Yang Zhichun, one of the enemy chieftains in Daxueshan, once hid cave kilns twice and disturbed people. The people's liberation army defeated them in two dangerous encirclement and suppression campaigns. Up to now, people often visit and worship in the cave.

Wanzhangyan waterfall: wanzhangyan waterfall is located in the middle valley of Nanjing river between Shihu mountain and huangzhulin mountain in Daxueshan Township, with an altitude of 2504 meters. Ten kilometers south of the main peak of Daxueshan mountain, nanjinghe river flows through the canyon cliff and raises a flying current of 60 meters high and 10 meters wide in Yinchuan, with an average annual flow of 17 million cubic meters. From a distance of ten miles, the waterfall is like a fairy dancing and floating, just like a wonderful landscape painting. Due to the sudden fall, it produces atmospheric pressure. It's like a drizzle at 30 meters. If it's closer, it's hard to breathe and the sound of water is rumbling. They have to shout to each other. The waterfall, which lives in the deep valley, is a wonderful and magnificent natural scenery created by nature for the snow mountain. Laoyawo hot spring: laoyawo hot spring is located on the gentle slope about 30 meters below Xinmeng highway on the south side of laoyawozhaizi on the North Bank of baishitou River, with an altitude of 1100 meters. It is a natural hot spring with high sulfur content. The hot spring erupts and overflows in several places, and the water temperature is 57.5 ℃. Since ancient times, villagers in Daxueshan and wumulong have come here to worship and take a bath every February 8 of the lunar calendar, carrying luggage and food, supporting the old and the young.

Agricultural and forestry resources

As of 2008, the township has 40111 mu of arable land, including 9579.4 mu of paddy field and 30531.6 mu of dry land. The forest land is 422856 mu, including 208049 mu of Daxueshan nature reserve, accounting for 36.59% of the total area. The forest coverage rate is 42.8%. The main pillar industries are sugarcane, fruit, tea, animal husbandry, etc. There are 40200 mu of sugarcane, 15000 mu of macadamia nuts, 42100 mu of pickled walnut, 11330 mu of Jatropha curcas, 10800 mu of white flower papaya, 8041 mu of tea garden and 3000 mu of Gentianaceae.

rural economy

In 2006, the total income of rural economy in Daxueshan Yi Lahu Dai township was 27.8225 million yuan, including 19.0675 million yuan of planting income, accounting for 68.53% of the total income; 3.3857 million yuan of animal husbandry income, accounting for 12.17% of the total income (including 3628 slaughtered pigs, 333 beef cattle and 1046 mutton sheep); 62.54 million yuan of forestry income, accounting for 2.25% of the total income; and 13.77 million yuan of fishery income, accounting for 12.17% of the total income The income of the secondary and tertiary industries is 3.6332 million yuan, accounting for 9.46% of the total income, and the wage income is 567600 yuan. The per capita net income of farmers is 1190 yuan, and the main income of farmers is planting industry. Among them, sugarcane is the pillar industry in Daxueshan Township, and economic fruits such as walnut, tea, macadamia nut and Jatropha curcas are the follow-up industries.

Characteristic industry

The biggest characteristic industry (also the leading industry) of Daxueshan township is sugarcane, with a total area of 40254 mu. Sales revenue reached more than 20 million yuan. The second is tea, with 6500 mu of tea garden, including 4086 mu of high quality tea garden. The sales revenue reached 400000 yuan.

In addition to sugarcane and tea, walnut, Macadamia and jatropha industries are being developed. There are 42100 mu of walnuts, 12500 mu of macadamia nuts and 10120 mu of Jatropha curcas. These industries will become the main economic source and characteristic industries of Daxueshan Township in the future. Thoughts on the development of Daxueshan Township in the future

Chinese PinYin : Yun Nan Sheng Lin Cang Shi Yong De Xian Da Xue Shan Yi Zu La Hu Zu Dai Zu Xiang