Bai Yan Zhen, Pingyi County, Linyi City, Shandong Province

Baiyan town

Baiyan town is located at 117 ° 33 "E and 35 ° 14" n. It is located in the south of Pingyi County, the southwest edge of Yimeng mountain area and the upper reaches of Wenliang river.

Located at the junction of three cities (Linyi City, Zaozhuang City and Jining City) and four counties (Pingyi County, Shanting District, Tengzhou City and Zoucheng City), it is a provincial central town, which is composed of three towns, namely Baiyan, Shanyin and Huangpo. It is adjacent to Weizhuang Township and Zhengcheng town in the East, Zaozhuang City in the south, Jining City in the West and Liuyu town in the north, 35 km away from the county. There are various types of landforms in the territory, with obvious mountain characteristics. Except for some plains on both sides of Wenliang River, most of them are mountainous and hilly terrain.

The total area of the town is 190.42 square kilometers, with 4688 hectares of arable land, accounting for 26.6% of the total area. There are 40 administrative villages and 144 natural villages (182 village groups).

history

ancient

Baiyan town has been a gathering place of humanities since ancient times. In the spring and Autumn period, in the 19th year of Duke Xianggong of Lu (554 BC), uncle sun Bao, a senior official of the state of Lu, advocated the construction of Wucheng to control Qi. The stone gate was the west gate of Wucheng. Before and after 355 BC, Zi Lu, a disciple of Confucius, lived in Shimen. In the first year of Emperor Guangwu of the Eastern Han Dynasty (A.D. 25), it has a radius of 100 Li, a large population and a developed culture. In Kaiyuan period of Tang Dynasty, Wenchang Pavilion was built on nearby xiaoqingshan. On March 3 of the lunar calendar, there was "Qingshan temple fair". On May 8 of the lunar calendar in the 34th year of the reign of Emperor Guangxu of the Qing Dynasty (1908), Baiyan Wenliang river overflowed. An ancient tomb was once built in the north of Shimen village. According to the epitaph, the owner of the tomb was named "Cheng Yu", with the word Jinchuan. He was a Jinshi of the Jin Dynasty and was an official of gongchang. In July 1853, Cheng Sihu (his ancestral home is Baiyan Shimen Village), the leader of the banner army, and dozens of people set up flags against the Qing Dynasty. After nine years, he was defeated by the Qing army.

The tombs of huaiwang and mourning Wang in Ming Dynasty are located in the northeast of xiaoshanhou village, Baiyan Town, and at the south foot of Yuxiu mountain. The two tombs, 50 meters from east to west, are buried in the same cemetery. The buildings in front of the tombs have disappeared, leaving only a few broken bricks and tiles. The cemetery was built according to the ancient "four gods fixing acupoints" method. In front of it is Zhuque mountain, in the rear is Xuanwu represented by five mountain tops, on the left is stone dragon shaped stone wall, and on the right is Baihu mountain. In the East is the tomb of King Lu Huai, 10 meters high and 30 meters in diameter; in the west is the tomb of King Lu mourning, 7 meters high and 16 meters in diameter. The tombs are of brick and stone structure, the bottom is paved with stones, and the upper part is arched green brick. The surname of King Lu Huai was Zhu Dang (September 22, 1473 - October 29, 1505). He was 32 years old, and was the Queen's surname. He was the eldest son of Zhu Yang Zhu, the fifth generation grandson of Zhu Yuanzhang, the emperor of Luzhuang. He was granted the title of Emperor Huai in the 19th year of Chenghua (1483) and the 18th year of Hongzhi (1505). The surname of Lu mourning Wang was Zhu Jianyu (November 4, 1494 - October 10, 1520). He was 27 years old. He was the eldest son of Huai Wang and the sixth grandson of Taizu Zhu Yuanzhang. He was granted the title of world grandson in the 16th year of Hongzhi (1503) and the title of mourning king in the 7th year of Jiajing (1528).

the period of the war of Resistance Against Japan

From February to march in 940 (the 29th year of the Republic of China), during the Anti Japanese War, the first division of the 115th division of the Eighth Route Army fought against the Japanese puppet army in Feixian County, Shandong Province. At the beginning of 1940, Chen Guang, the acting division commander, and Luo Ronghuan, the political commissar, commanded the 686th regiment, the Secret Service Regiment, and the Sulu detachment to conquer Baiyan, an important place on the Feixian Tengxian highway, on February 14 and annihilate the puppet troops guarding the village. In order to restore the connection between Feixian and Tengxian, the Japanese army launched its first attack on Baiyan with more than 100 people stationed in the city on March 7, and was repulsed by the Secret Service Regiment of the 115th division. On the 12th, the Japanese puppet army mobilized more than 700 people from Huyi, Chenghou and Liangqiu to launch a second attack on Baiyan in three ways. The Eighth Route Army took the initiative to withdraw from Baiyan and stop the Japanese and puppet troops in the surrounding mountains. The Japanese puppet army paid a lot of casualties to occupy the defenceless Bai Yan.

During the Anti Japanese War, the first division of the 115th division of the Eighth Route Army fought against the Japanese puppet army to capture Baiyan (now Pingyi County) in Fei County of Shandong Province repeatedly. In the autumn of 1939, the 115th division entered the south of Shandong from the west of Shandong. With the cooperation of the local Anti Japanese armed forces, it opened and expanded the south of Shandong Anti Japanese base area with Baodugu mountain area as the center.

From February to march in 1940 (the 29th year of the Republic of China), during the Anti Japanese War, the first division of the 115th division of the Eighth Route Army fought against the Japanese puppet army in Feixian County, Shandong Province.

In the three battles for Baiyan, the Eighth Route Army annihilated more than 800 Japanese puppet troops, smashed the Japanese attempt to occupy Baiyan again and control the mountainous area of southern Shandong, and cleared the way for the development of Tianbao mountainous area.

Baiyan is located in the mountain area of taihuanggu in the south of Mengshan area. It has a very important strategic position. It is the hometown of sun Heling, a local tyrant, and an important stronghold of the Japanese puppet regime. In order to expand the Mengshan base and remove the obstacles to its southward development, the 686 regiment, the Secret Service Regiment and the first division of the Sulu detachment of the 115th Division launched a sudden attack on Baiyan's enemy on February 14, 1940, destroying sun Heling's base camp at one stroke, liberating the areas around Baiyan, and establishing an anti Japanese democratic regime in Baiyan. After the attack, the Japanese and puppets mobilized their forces to launch a continuous counter attack against the newly born Anti Japanese democratic regime of Baiyan. Our anti Japanese army and people united and started a 14 day battle for Baiyan in Baiyan and its surrounding areas. On March 7, Bai Yan, the first criminal of more than 100 Japanese troops stationed in Tengxian County, was ambushed by the Secret Service Regiment of the 115th division and then retreated. On the 12th, Japanese troops gathered more than 1000 enemies from Chenghou, Pingyi and Liangqiu. With the cooperation of the remnant of sun Heling, they attacked Bai Yan again in three ways. Our army had a fierce battle with Baiyan in the periphery: they attacked Baiyan's enemy from the back of the city, were blocked by 686 regiment in Chaishan, southwest of Baiyan, and most of them were annihilated; the enemy from Pingyi was severely attacked in the north of Baiyan. In order to preserve the living strength and strive to annihilate the enemy in the movement, our army took the initiative to withdraw from Baiyan and enter the mountainous area. The puppet Japanese occupied Baiyan at 16:00 on that day. It was night when the 686 regiment took advantage of the enemy's precarious foothold and launched a fierce attack on Baiyan's enemy under the cover of night. After a fierce battle for one night, the enemy fled from the northwest of Baiyan in a hurry at dawn on the 13th, and Baiyan was under our control again. On the 19th, the enemy mobilized 2500 people to launch a third attack on Bai Yan. The enemy who invaded Baiyan from Pingyi first exchanged fire with our army in Guanzhuang and was defeated by us. On the afternoon of that day, the enemy who besieged Baiyan attacked Baiyan on all sides. Our army broke through and Baiyan fell back to the enemy. On the 21st, the enemy of Tengxian sent out more than 300 people to take Chaishan directly under the cover of artillery, and they were repulsed by our garrison. At night, our army concentrated its superior forces to launch a general attack on Baiyan's enemy, first taking the ammunition depot of the enemy in the west of the village, and then entering the enemy's camp to break up the enemy. Then the follow-up forces joined up with the leading forces who entered the enemy's camp first, and launched a fierce street battle with the enemy in Baiyan. One night of fierce fighting, the enemy fled under the cover of poison gas. During the battle, more than 800 Japanese soldiers were killed, the leader of the Japanese army was injured and a large amount of weapons and ammunition were seized. Bai Yan's battle shocked the Japanese puppet bandits in Mengshan area, pulled out a nail in Mengshan area, and cleared a big obstacle for the consolidation and development of Mengshan base area.

The first anti "mopping up"

In the face of the consolidation and development of the Anti Japanese base area in Mengshan and the rising Anti Japanese enthusiasm of the people in Mengshan, the Japanese aggressors hated it to the bone and tried to put out the Anti Japanese fire in Mengshan. They concentrated more than 8000 troops from the 32nd division, the 21st division and the independent sixth mixed brigade of the Japanese army. Before the end of April 1940 to the end of May 1940, they carried out a large-scale "mopping up" of the Mengshan base in an attempt to eliminate the main force of the 115th division and falsify the whole territory of Mengshan.

Modern times

In August 1947, it was set up by Zou County, Teng County and Fei County. The county people's government first settled in Baiyan village, Baiyan Town, Pingyi County, and then moved to Shanting village. It belongs to the second special district of Lunan administrative region.

It was abolished in July 1953, and its jurisdiction was divided into Teng County, Zou County and Pingyi County, of which 33 townships were divided into Pingyi County.

In 1959, it was Baiyan commune in Pingyi County, and now it is Baiyan town.

Pottery pot with back unearthed from dongshimen site in Baiyan town in 1980

Zhenyuan general bronze seal unearthed in Donggou village of Baiyan town in 1979

scenic spot

There are mainly red mountains, red hills and red hills

Changshan

、

Yuxiushan

Jin Jiading, fan Jiagu, Tai Huanggu

deep mountains

, Castle Peak

The second peak of Pingyi County, langwoding (674 meters above sea level) of Sikai mountain, is located in the territory. The elevation of taihuanggu is 505 meters, with steep walls and steep flat ground. During the Anti Japanese War, the famous Baiyan battle was listed in the history books. The fifth generation grandson of Emperor Zhu Yuanzhang of Ming Dynasty was buried in front of Yuxiu mountain.

Cultural relics and scenic spots

Dongshimen cultural site

Located in Xigangzi, dongshimen village, Baiyan Town, it is 150 meters long from north to south, 80 meters wide from east to west, and 1-1.5 meters of cultural accumulation. In 1980, a number of complete red pottery tripods, gray pottery tripods, hollowed out beans, and back pots were unearthed, belonging to the Dawenkou cultural site of the Neolithic age.

Tomb of huaiwang and mourning Wang in Ming Dynasty

Both tombs are located in the northeast of xiaoshanhou village, Baiyan Town, at the south foot of Yuxiu mountain. The two tombs are 25 meters from east to west. In the East is the tomb of King Lu Huai, with a height of 10 meters and a diameter of 30 meters; in the west is the tomb of King Lu mourning, with a height of 7 meters and a diameter of 16 meters. The tombs are of brick and stone structure, the bottom is paved with stones, and the upper part is arched green brick. In 1972, four pieces of Kuang Zhi were unearthed from each of the two tombs. They are now stored in the County Museum (see stone carvings for details). The sixth grandson of Zhu Yuanzhang, Emperor Taizu of Ming Dynasty, was the eldest son of King Luzhuang. In 1483 (the 19th year of Chenghua of Ming Dynasty), he was granted the title of emperor Lu Huai. In 1505 (the 18th year of Hongzhi of Ming Dynasty), he was granted the title of Emperor Lu Huai. Lu mourned Wang Mingjian, the eldest son of huaiwang, the seventh generation grandson of Zhu Yuanzhang, Emperor Taizu, who was granted the title of grandson in 1520（

Chinese PinYin : Shan Dong Sheng Lin Yi Shi Ping Yi Xian Bai Yan Zhen