Yuguan Town, Funing District, Qinhuangdao City, Hebei Province

Yuguan town

The town government of Yuguan Town, Funing District, Qinhuangdao City, Hebei Province is located in Yuguan village. It covers an area of 135.04 square kilometers and has a permanent population of 35798 (2017). The terrain of the town is complex, with mountains in the north, hills in the middle and plains in the south. The whole terrain is high in the northwest and low in the southeast. The soil is mainly cinnamon soil with loess, brown soil and sandy soil, which is more suitable for crop growth. It is one of the areas with developed agricultural production in the region. The town has high groundwater level, rich water resources and excellent water quality. There are two perennial rivers in the town: Daihe River and Shahe River. A seasonal river: Mi river.

geographical environment

geographical position

Yuguan town is located in the east of Funing District, Qinhuangdao City, Hebei Province, close to Qinhuangdao Economic and Technological Development Zone and Beidaihe District. There are Daqin Railway, Jinshan railway, Beijing Qinhuangdao expressway, Chengqin expressway, Hebei Coastal Expressway, national highway 102 and other traffic trunk lines in the area, with convenient transportation.

topographic features

The terrain of the town is complex, with mountainous area in the north, hilly area in the middle and plain terrace distribution in the south. The whole terrain is high in the northwest and low in the southeast. The soil is mainly cinnamon soil with loess, brown soil and sandy soil, which is more suitable for crop growth. It is one of the areas with developed agricultural production in the region.

hydrology

The town has high groundwater level, rich water resources and excellent water quality.

The Daihe river passes through from north to south, with the confluence of Mihe River and Shenhe River in the middle. The water quality is good.

Map

natural resources

Mineral resources: Hexi iron mine and Jiazhuang Iron Mine

The northern mountainous area is rich in water resources

Population nationality

Mainly Han nationality, a small number of Manchu and Mongolian in each village (immigrated)

History and culture

Yuguan explained:

① Yusai refers to the northern frontier fortress.

② Shanhaiguan is also called Yuguan, linyuguan, linyuguan and linluguan. Business is Guzhu, Han is Liaoxi County, Sui kaihuang three years (583) build pass, name Linyu pass.

Historical concept of the same name

Shanhaiguan, also known as Yuguan since Ming Dynasty, originated from the Ming Dynasty when Xu Da moved the city of Guancheng to Xianshan customs office to build a pass and set up a guard. Because it is close to the mountain and faces the sea, it is named Shanhaiguan. The second year of Qianlong (1737) of Qing Dynasty was Linyu county. The terrain is precipitous and the geographical position is important. It is adjacent to Yanshan Mountain in the north and Bohai Sea in the south. It is the throat of North China to the northeast. The Jingshan and Shenshan railway are connected here. In ancient times, it is known as "the key to the two capitals", and it is a place for military strategists. Famous wars such as the war between Wu Sangui and Li Zicheng's peasant uprising army, the war between Zhifeng and Shihe in 1922 and 1924, the Japanese army's invasion of Shanhaiguan and its invasion of North China in 1933, and the Shanhaiguan blocking war in 1945 all took place here.

Evolution of organizational system

The origin of place names

Yuguan village, Yuguan Town, has Yushan in the East (also known as matoupo, now known as Maben mountain, matoupu was set up here in the Ming and Qing Dynasties, and 102 National Highway passes through it), and Yu River in the West (later renamed Daijiahe and Daihe, now named South and North Daihe because they live in the lower reaches), which was called Yushui in ancient times. In the Eastern Han Dynasty, Linyu county was once located here, but there was no Linyu pass at this time. According to the records of prefectures in the later Han Dynasty, there are five cities in Liaoxi County: "YangLe, Haiyang, lingzhi (Guzhu city), feiru and Linyu". Linyu county is here.

Yuguan is located between beiniuding, a high mountain in the north, and the Bohai Sea in the south. It is dangerous in shape. It can be attacked when entering and defended when retreating. During the Sui and Tang Dynasties, Yuguan was an important military area for the Han Dynasty in the Central Plains to defend against the invasion of Liaodong and Koryo. It set up a camp and gathered a large number of troops. Therefore, the names of "linyuguan" and "Yuguan" were often seen in history books.

The Sui Dynasty

Linyu pass was set up in the kaihuang period of Emperor Wen of Sui Dynasty, and Linyu palace was set up in the Daye period of emperor Yang. According to the geographical records of the Sui Dynasty: "the first county of Beiping County: Lulong (formerly Beiping county). Daye was first established in Beiping county. There is the Great Wall. Officials concerned. There is Linyu palace. It covers Zhoushan. There are Jieshi According to the book of Sui Dynasty, Emperor Ji Gaozu: "in May of the second year of kaihuang, gaobaoning, koppengzhou and Turks entered the Great Wall." "In February of the 18th year, Wang Liang of the Han Dynasty was the marching marshal, and 300, 000 troops were sent to Korea by water and land. In June, Bingyin issued an imperial edict to depose Gaoyuan, the king of Korea. In autumn and September, when he was ugly, Wang Liangshi of the Han Dynasty turned around in case of a disease, and the dead were 189. " According to the book of Sui, Emperor Ji, Emperor Yang, "in the spring of the 10th year of Daye, Xinwei ordered Bai Liao to fight against Koryo, but no one dared to speak for a few days. March Renzi, Xingxing Zhuo county. Kuihai, the second time in Chongqing palace, pro Royal Military Service, sacrifice to the Yellow Emperor, cut the rebels to drum. During the first day of April in summer and the first day of April in the afternoon, I drove to Peiping. Autumn in July Guichou, driving times Huaiyuan town. Jiazi, Korea sent envoys to surrender, prisoners sent to Hu Si Zheng. On Dayue. In August, I am the head teacher. " Zhuo county was established in Sui Dynasty. At the beginning of emperor Yang's great cause, he abandoned the Youzhou governor's Office (governing the southwest of today's Beijing City), and set up the Zhuozhou prefect, from the third grade. It has jurisdiction over 9 counties, including Ji county (southwest of today's Beijing City), Liangxiang (southwest of today's Beijing City), anci, Zhuoxian county (Zhuozhou, Hebei Province), Gu'an, yongnu (Wuqing, Tianjin city), Changping, Huairong (southwest of Zhuolu, Hebei Province) and Lu County (Tongxian, Beijing City). This "Linyu Palace" should be the mistake of "linshuo Palace", which is located in the southwest of Beijing. According to the biography of Chang Sun Sheng in the book of Sui Dynasty, "during the reign of Emperor Xuan, the Turks took pictures and asked to marry in Zhou Dynasty, and the king of Zhao recruited his wife. In the first year of kaihuang's reign, a picture was taken and said, "I, the Zhou family, are not able to control the Sui Dynasty because of my independence Because of the capture of Linyu town with Gao Baoning, some tribes attempted to invade the south. In order to build the Great Wall, he sent troops to the north, ordered yinshou town to be in Youzhou, and Yuqing town to be in Bingzhou. Tens of thousands of troops were stationed to prepare for it. "

According to the biography of Tujue in the northern history: "the sand bowl was a little brave and won many people, and all the northern barbarians belonged to it. Emperor Wen of the Sui Dynasty received Zen, but he did not treat it very well, and the northern barbarians resented it. Gao Baoning, the governor of Huiying Prefecture, made trouble, and Shabo joined forces with him to capture Linyu town. On the edge of the imperial edict to repair Bao Zhang, Jun Great Wall, in preparation for it According to the biography of Koryo in the northern history, "in the 17th year of kaihuang, the imperial seal was issued, which was responsible for sending envoys every year. Although it was called a vassal, it was not complete. Will (soup) sick death, son Yuan Si. Emperor Wen's envoys worshipped yuan as the first official of the upper Kaifu, and the third official of the upper Kaifu, who was appointed to the Duke of Liaodong. Yuan Feng expressed his gratitude and congratulated Xiangrui for being granted the title of king. Emperor Wen is the king. Next year, more than ten thousand troops will ride in western Liaoning, and Wei Shi, the governor of Yingzhou, will take the lead. The emperor was so angry that he ordered Liang, the king of Han Dynasty, to be the marshal of the army, and to take charge of it by land and water. He issued an imperial edict to dethrone his title. The six armies were short of food. When they came out of linyuguan, they met the epidemic again, and Wang's division was not strong. And the second Liao water, Yuan also fear, sent envoys to apologize. So they went on strike. "

Tang Dynasty

In Tang Dynasty, Yuguan was set up to guard and capture, and Linyu was set up. In the spring of the 19th year of Tang Zhenguan, Li Shimin, Emperor Taizong of Tang Dynasty, went to Korea to visit Yuguan.

"Gao Kaidao biography of the old book of Tang Dynasty" records: "at the end of the great cause of Sui Dynasty, Hejian's modesty was destroyed by the Sui master, and Kaidao and his party died and hid in the sea. When he returned to Cangzhou, he gathered hundreds of people. He raided the towns in the north, Linyu and Huaiyuan. In the first year of Wude, Sui General Li Jing guarded Beiping county and opened the way to lead soldiers to surround it. He couldn't conquer it for years Beiping county is located in the present Lulong County.

"The old book of the Tang Dynasty · Benji · Taizong" records: "Ren Yin, in November of the 18th year of Zhenguan, drove to Luoyang palace. Gengzi ordered Prince Zhan Shi and British Duke Li Ji to be the general manager of Liaodong Road marching out of Liucheng, the Minister of rites and the deputy of daozong, the prince of Jiangxia; the Minister of punishment and Zhang Liang, the Duke of Yun state, were the general manager of Pyongyang road marching out of Laizhou by boat, and Chang He, the left leader, and Zuo Nan, the governor of Luzhou, were the deputy. He sent out the world's top scholars, recruited 100000, and interested in Pyongyang to defeat Korea. In February of nineteen, the Sixth Army of the upper Qin Dynasty was sent to Luoyang. Yimao ordered the crown prince to stay in Dingzhou to supervise the state; Kaifu Yi, together with the third division and Gao Shilian, the Duke of Shenguo, took charge of the plane work; he took charge of the plane work together with the Minister of Li and Yang Shidao, the Duke of andejun. In March, Renchen was founded in Dingzhou. In April of the Xia Dynasty, Li Ji, the general manager of Liaodong daohang military university and the British Duke, attacked and built moucheng. In May, Ding Chou drove across Liaoning. Jiashen, Shangqin led the cavalry and Li Jihui to encircle the eastern city of Liao Dynasty. They got angry because of the strong wind. All the upper houses and buildings in the city of SISU were destroyed, and their soldiers ordered them to ascend and pull them out. On the third day of June, the division went to Anshi city. Ding Si, Korea will not Gao Yanshou, Gao Huizhen handsome soldiers 150000 to aid Anshi, in order to refuse Wang division. Li Ji led his soldiers to fight hard. He led the army to Gaofeng and defeated Korea. Yanshou and so on, because of their numerous descent, fortunately, the mountain is the place where they are staying, where they can record their achievements by carving stones. Give the world two big days. In autumn and July, Li Ji marched to attack Anshi city. In September, he was the head teacher. On the third day of October in winter, he entered the Yuguan pass, and the crown prince made his own state to welcome him. Wu Wu, the second Han Wu Tai, carved stone to record merit In the book of the new Tang Dynasty, Benji Taizong recorded: "in July of the 18th year, Zhang Jian, governor of Yingzhou, led you and Yingbing, and Khitan and Xi defeated Koryo. On the first day of November, Zhang Liang was the general manager of the Military University of Daoxing in Pyongyang, Li Shiji and Ma Zhou were the general managers of the Military University of Liaodong Daoxing, leading 16 general managers to attack Korea. In February of nineteen, gengxu, such as Luoyang palace, defeated Korea. In April, guimao swore in Youzhou to celebrate the army. Kuihai, Li Shiji and Mucheng. In May, Cheng Mingzhen, the general manager of the march of Pyongyong Road, took charge of keshabei city. Geng Wu, the second Liao Ze, buried Sui war dead. Ding Chou is in the army of Mashou mountain. Jiashen, the eastern city of Keliao. June Dingyou, kebaiyan city. Has not, defeated Korea in the southeast mountain of Anshi city. At the end of September, the head teacher. On the afternoon of October C, in Ciying Prefecture, ethereal prison offered sacrifices to the dead. Bingchen, the crown prince of Linyu pass. Wu Wu, the second Han Wu Tai, carved stone Jigong According to the biography of Gao Kaidao in the new book of Tang Dynasty, it is not surprising that at the end of the Sui Dynasty, he was modest according to the thief's style. Hui Qian was rounded up by Sui soldiers,

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