deja vu(sì céng xiāng shí)

Sense of vision

The synonym deja vu (physiological phenomenon) generally refers to both sense of sight (physiological phenomenon), both sense of sight and physiological phenomenon, also known as hallucinating memory. "Deja vu" means the feeling of deja vu of things or scenes that have not been experienced as if they had been experienced at a certain time and place, also known as the hippocampus effect.

Since visual perception is a real existence with scientific explanation, it doesn't belong to supernatural events. It's just that there have been similar scenes in the imagination of the brain. In other words, visual sense comes from the association of the brain, which associates with this picture.

Basic definition

As the name suggests, "sense of seeing" is "deja vu", a sense of deja vu for things or scenes that have not been experienced at a certain time and place.

"Deja vu" is the result of the interaction between perceptual system and memory system in human brain. To understand why the feeling of "deja vu" appears, scientists have to classify it from perception and memory. The process of classification is not only a basic feature of perception, but also a basic feature of memory.

Professional explanation

investigation and research

According to the questionnaire survey, two-thirds of adults have at least one "deja vu" experience. Moreover, the more imaginative people are, the more likely they are to experience strange feelings; people who travel a lot are more likely to experience "deja vu" than those who stay at home for a long time; and people with higher education are also more likely to experience this feeling than others (perhaps because they have experienced unique feelings in Tolstoy's or some great literary master's works).

The survey also shows that the incidence of "deja vu" is the highest in youth, and then gradually decreases with age. Especially when people really start to repeat the monotonous life day after day, the incidence of it is reduced. A century ago, when Freud's theory was still the mainstream of leading psychological research, analysts interpreted "deja vu" as the manifestation of subconscious conflict. But modern psychologists suggest that "deja vu" does not necessarily occur on the basis of deep subconscious conflicts. That's what happens in a healthy brain. What's more, people are prone to this feeling when they are tired and stressed.

In addition, it may be accompanied by "jamaisvu", that is, the feeling of seeing familiar things or words but not remembering anything for a moment. Psychologists also pointed out that the emergence of "deja vu" may be because people receive too much information and do not pay attention to the source of information. Familiarity comes from various channels, some real, some illusory. When you encounter a situation described in a forgotten novel, you may regard it as a memory of your previous life. Or, when you are in the real scene of a movie, although you have forgotten the movie completely on the surface, you will still recall thrilling memories in your mind. Psychologists also point out that sometimes people don't need real memory at all, so it's possible to create a familiar feeling inside the brain.

analysis

Perception includes face perception, object perception, position perception and so on. Take these three categories as an example. Because of their different objects, when we get to a place, the orientation and spatial relationship, the surrounding objects and people may appear at the same time. However, our perception of them is completed by three different empty energy circuits in the brain, namely, the circuit of position perception, the circuit of object perception and the circuit of face perception. Like perception, memory has many types.

The memory of knowledge and feeling is called semantic memory: the memory of plot, experience and events, that is, episodic memory, which is unconscious memory. Each type of memory can be divided into many subclasses. Because perception and memory are "classified", many features of some scenes we have experienced are stored in different memory systems, and we can't realize that when we go to a new scene, some parts of the scene may stimulate some of our memories, mobilize different memory systems and match them. Once a certain feature in the scene matches the past experience, it will produce the feeling of "deja vu". Everyone has life experience, because there are a lot of accumulated things. It's normal to have the subjective experience of "deja vu" occasionally. The initial understanding of the subjective experience of "deja vu" can start from epilepsy in medicine, and can be traced back to half a century ago. Normal people will also have this subjective experience. With the accumulation of brain science knowledge, it has gradually reached today's level of understanding.

Specific phenomena

"Deja vu" is easy to occur in emotional instability and the experience of the scene. Although all people will have the subjective experience of "deja vu", it does not mean that the frequency of "deja vu" in all people is the same.

Generally speaking, things closely related to emotions are easier to remember. Therefore, if you are in a state of emotional instability, then the probability of "deja vu" is large. During menopause and adolescence, human endocrine will change dramatically, which makes people in a state of emotional instability and memory will become very active. At this time, the phenomenon of "deja vu" is more likely to occur. "Deja vu" mainly occurs in the experience of the scene. It's because every perception appears in a specific scene. This kind of scene is often a big background, without special attention, it will run to the brain to form unconscious memory. This kind of unconscious memory will sometimes pop up in a specific scene, mixed with perception. In the phenomenon of "deja vu", most of them are unconscious memories. From childhood, all experiences, whether they want to remember or not, have traces of these memories in their minds, and they pop up in some very special circumstances. The sense of "deja vu" comes into being when it is transmitted into consciousness.

So in reality, there will be the following three specific phenomena:

1. When does a scene seem to have been experienced.

This phenomenon not only occurs in unfamiliar environment, but also in familiar environment. For example, the people and things that appear at this moment, maybe these people or things have indeed happened, even happened a long time ago, maybe it's just a scene I saw on TV or in a movie, or because it's a scene I imagined a long time ago But when we are on the scene, we will suddenly feel that what happened at this moment is so familiar.

2. It feels like when it happened.

This phenomenon usually occurs in extreme emotions, especially when it is close to losing control. More reflected in the inner feelings, because a series of emotional fluctuations brought about by something, someone or a sentence will suddenly make you feel that the inner feelings are so real. General mood fluctuations to the extent that it is difficult to control will not be detected, and only when the mood fluctuations to the extreme but they are trying to control, close to the critical point of the outbreak, will come out of the feeling.

3. It's like when I went to a place. This usually happens in a strange place, that is, the parties come to a place they have never been to.

Other explanations

The human brain is always making up all kinds of situations, mainly subconscious activities. When you encounter similar situations in reality, it will echo with the previous fictional situations in your memory. With the effect of psychological reinforcement, you will have a sense of deja vu. Because people are sleeping, the brain is still calculating some parameters in reality, and many kinds of results are obtained. Deja vu is one of the results of brain operations.

impression

Researchers believe that this may be an impression that has already been hidden in the dreamer's subconscious, and then appears occasionally in the dream. Some studies also point out that this phenomenon is related to another kind of subconsciousness beyond time and space. On the other hand, some brain activity experts point out that this phenomenon may also be caused by the fact that one half of our brain processes information slightly faster than the other.

Time and space tunnel

This is the collision of time and space tunnel or the memory of dream. I've seen the scene that will happen in my dream, but I can't remember the dream clearly, so when something happens, you will feel as if you have experienced it there. In fact, it reminds you of your own memory, the memory of dreams. When a scene occurs, the human control nerve (part of the central nervous system) will be transmitted to the memory nerve at a very fast speed. At this time, the brain's response has not been transmitted to the memory nerve, so when the brain's response is transmitted to the memory nerve, it will make people feel the same as before. This is a great challenge to the theory of relativity. Of course, this theory has not been proved so far, it is just a conjecture stage.

Cortical discharge

Another medical explanation for this is the transient discharge phenomenon in the cerebral cortex, or the phenomenon of wrong vision, also known as visual memory, which often occurs when you are in a very familiar environment. Our brain has a memory buffer. When you see something or meet something, you first store the memory in the buffer. The reason why things in front of us seem to have experienced this kind of feeling is that we make mistakes when we store them in the historical memory. When you look at the things in front of you and find them out from the historical memory, you feel as if they have happened before. When the brain is tired, it's easier to have this illusion.

Flow of consciousness

The difference of consciousness flow between life and death. Life and death are the meaning of human beings

Chinese PinYin : sì céng xiāng shí