assume(xiǎng dāng rán)

assume

Of course, Chinese words, is a derogatory term, which means to make a conclusion, thinking that things and conclusions must be so, but it is not.

If you take it for granted, you will get wrong conclusions (judgments). It does great harm to scientific research. It is similar to the nature of the mistake of "beating the head to draw a conclusion". It's all idealistic thinking. We must eliminate these wrong ways of thinking. Only when logic is used in combination with the truth of natural science and social science for scientific thinking can we draw correct conclusions. We must not replace rational knowledge with perceptual knowledge. We should not let practical (Practical) perceptual knowledge dominate the world. Otherwise, the truth will not be found in front of us.

"Take it for granted" comes from the biography of Kong Rong in the later Han Dynasty: "in the early days, Cao Cao attacked Tuye City, and Yuan's wife and son often invaded, while Cao Zipi accepted Yuan Xi's wife, Zhen. Rong Nai and Cao Shu are called "King Wu conquered Zhou and bestowed Daji on Duke Zhou." If you don't understand it, ask what the classics are. He said to them, "take it for granted." Modern people take it for granted by giving full play to its connotation.

If you take it for granted, you will get wrong conclusions (judgments). It does great harm to scientific research. It is similar to the meaning of "pat your head and draw a conclusion". It's all idealistic thinking. Human beings must eliminate these wrong ways of thinking, and use logic with the truth of natural science and social science for scientific thinking, so that they can draw correct conclusions. We must not replace rational knowledge with perceptual knowledge. We should not allow the whole world to be dominated by practical work. Otherwise, the truth will not be found in front of us.

Examples of wrong conclusions drawn by "take it for granted":

1、 Through the practical test of "watching the sky and listening to the chicken", it was found that "the sky will not be bright without the rooster crowing";

2、 "Practice is the only standard for testing truth" proves that truth is not the standard, but the peak of theory. The source of theory is practice, so practice is the second peak of theory, and practice is "super truth", which can be used to guarantee the whole world;

3、 Countless people check the sky every day and see the stars, the moon and the sun revolve around us, so they get the "truth" of the "geocentric theory" and occupy the human brain for more than 1300 years;

4、 "Planning" is "planned economy" (concept drift Because the capitalist market economy has a plan and the socialist planned economy also has a plan, "socialism can also develop a market economy" (in fact, it violates the truth of Marxism Leninism that "market economy is incompatible with socialism");

5、 It's uncivilized for evil enemies to kill good people, and it's also uncivilized for us to kill evil enemies. The two "blood dregs" show that it's uncivilized for us to kill enemies. In order to achieve the goal of civilization, we must abolish the death penalty, make the enemy happy, and the whole world will be civilized and can embrace the enemy. (about 2 / 3 of the countries in the world abolish the death penalty only because there is no death penalty in logic.) Study well? Is there no interference from class struggle

6、 The "super speed of light" phenomenon of particles found in the laboratory "proves that" grandmother paradox "is no longer wrong. Someone can drive a" time machine "to kill his grandmother through time and space.

7、 The strange phenomenon in the camera proves that after death, the soul with a certain weight will always wander around looking for a substitute

8、 A murderer selling a woman's corpse and asking someone else to "match Yin Qin" is in line with "life science" and should wear big red flowers.

9、 "The system of allowing exploitation allows a small number of people to get rich first, and all citizens can get rich later, so as to realize the communist ideal quickly" (in fact, it violates the law of material immortality and the law of class struggle)

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Idiom information:

Bopomofo Xi ǎ NGD ā NgR á n

[explanation] to judge by idealism's groundless conjecture means to draw a conclusion by "wishful thinking", thinking that things and conclusions must be the same.

[usage] used as predicate and attribute. To make a conclusion on the basis of one's own subjective opinions rather than the actual situation.

Rhyme words are like Fangtian, bingtoulian, fufuheyan and the year of gathering sand

Assume something as a matter of course & lt; take (something) for granted & gt;

Nachwirklichkeitsfremden vorstellungen & lt; nacheigenem gutD ü nken & gt;

[Japanese] when (あたり) before (まえ) when (のこととと) when (おう)

[French] introduction personnelle & lt; consid é RC omenatural & gt;

The origin of Idioms

Fan Ye's biography of Kong Rong in the book of the later Han Dynasty in the Southern Dynasty, Song Dynasty, said, "it's a matter of course to take it today."

Idioms and allusions

In 203 ad, Cao Cao and his son Cao Pi led the army to capture Yuan Shao's hometown Yecheng. Seeing that his 23-year-old wife, the Zhen family, was very beautiful, 18-year-old Cao Pi forced him to be his wife. When Kong Rong knew this, he wrote to Cao Cao and made up the story that King Wu of Zhou rewarded Daji, the favorite concubine of King Zhou of Shang Dynasty, to Duke Zhou. Cao Cao was puzzled. Kong Rong said that he thought about the past according to the present.

The original meaning of the idiom: "take it for granted" according to the explanation of "etymology", obviously has a derogatory meaning. Today we often say, "we should do things according to the actual situation. We can't take things for granted." "Take it for granted" is almost equivalent to unrealistic or even delusional. But the original intention of "taking things for granted" is not so.

According to Kong Rong's biography in the later Han Dynasty, Cao Cao and his son Cao Pi led the army to capture Yuan Shao's hometown Yecheng in 203 A.D. as a result, they captured Yuan Xi's wife, the Zhen family, who was beautiful, and Cao Pi occupied the Zhen family. When Kong Rong learned of this, he wrote to Cao Cao: "King Wu killed Zhou and gave him Daji." To show allegory. Cao Cao was a very learned man, but he didn't know the origin of this allusion. So he asked Kong Rong specially, and Kong Rong said, "take this for granted." This is the origin of "taking things for granted". When Cao Cao understood Kong Rong's real intention, he was naturally unhappy. Later, he used the excuse to kill Kong Rong, which was more or less related to this.

Kong Rong naturally got into trouble. Later, another university asked his family to take a picture of gourd and gourd as an example. According to the eighth volume of Shilin Yanyu: "Su Zizhan was at home in the courthouse, and his writing ability was bold, so he couldn't bend to writing Fu. At the time of the provincial examination, Ouyang Wenzhong wanted to reform the cultural malpractice. Mei Shengyu, as an examiner, got his theory of punishment and reward for loyalty and kindness, which was thought to be like Mencius. However, Gao Tao was quoted as saying: kill it, three; Yao said: forgive it, three. If we don't see the evidence, we should show our loyalty and great joy. He was promoted to the second place. And the release of the list, Sheng Yu Zhong before the doubt, then to ask. Zi zhanxu said, "if you take it for granted, why do you have to have a source?"? Sheng Yu was terrified, but no one was not satisfied with his Xiongjun. " This story was recorded in many notes in the Song Dynasty, which shows that it was widely spread at that time. Su Dongpo took it for granted that he did not cause any trouble. Instead, he passed the imperial examination in high school, and his luck was much better than that of Kong Rong.

Looking at the origin of the above two most famous stories about "taking for granted", we can see that the so-called "taking for granted" is actually a technique used by the ancients under the pretext of fabricating stories for their own use. This technique has two main points: "thinking" is imagination and imagination; "of course" is to speculate that there is certain inevitability according to reason. That is to say, although the story is fabricated, it must conform to the personality characteristics and historical background of the characters. It is very particular, which is very different from the general random fabrication. It is not easy to make up such a story. In this way, "take it for granted" is not totally groundless, it is quite groundless. In fact, it is quite different from the "take it for granted" we criticize today.

This kind of "take for granted" narrative technique is strictly similar to fable. It is a typical fable technique to make up a story by the ancients, especially famous people, to illustrate certain truth. According to this standard, in fact, many fables are "take for granted". For example, the story of two children debating the sun in Liezi is also a typical "take for granted".

Examples of Idioms

Different ideas guiding thinking lead to different ways of thinking, which is mainly reflected in two aspects: first, the starting point of thinking process, where the thinking process starts, whether it starts from reality, or from subjective assumption, from books and principles, or even from God, which is the fundamental problem in idealist thinking mode.

If you go against the law of psychological activities, take things for granted, and adopt a subjective, arbitrary, simple and rude method, you will suppress people's emotions and wipe out their personality. As a result, you will frustrate your feelings, even arouse dissatisfaction, and work will have a negative effect.

If we don't go to the nature to observe and experience, we can't use the artistic image to summarize the various dynamics of water.

Is that true? From the superficial phenomenon, it can be inferred that there was neither industrial pollution nor population explosion in Mencius era, and ecological resources and people's survival could not be contradictory.

It's about a small town in the south of the United States. One summer night in the 1940s and 1950s, the train brought a passing passenger. He was a black detective who was discriminated against by racists.

Without the preparation for the research work, it is just a matter of social responsibility

Chinese PinYin : xiǎng dāng rán