Everyone is responsible for the rise and fall of the world(tiān xià xīng wáng，pǐ fū yǒu zé)

Everyone is responsible for the rise and fall of the world

The phrase "everyone is responsible for the rise and fall of the world" first appeared in Gu Yanwu's rizhilu Zhengshi, with the background of the Qing army entering the pass. His original sentence is: "those who protect the country, their monarch and his ministers, those who eat meat plan it; those who protect the world, everyone's humble and responsible."

The eight character language type comes from Liang Qichao.

It is the duty of emperors, generals and ministers of culture and military affairs to protect a national system from being overturned, which has nothing to do with ordinary people. However, the prosperity and extinction of the world is related to the interests of all people, so every ordinary people has an unshirkable responsibility.

pronunciation

Pinyin: Ti à nxi à x à NGW á ng, P à f à y à uz é

original text

"If there is subjugation, there is subjugation. How to distinguish between national subjugation and national subjugation? He said: "if the surname of Yi is changed, it means that the country is subjugated; if benevolence and righteousness are filled, and if the beast is led to eat the man, the man will eat the man, it means that the country is subjugated. It is to know and protect the world, and then know and protect the country. Those who protect the country, their monarchs and their ministers, and those who eat meat, plan for it; those who protect the world, how humble and responsible everyone is. " ——It comes from Gu Yanwu: Volume 13 of rizhilu, Zhengshi.

interpretation

"National subjugation" and "national subjugation" are two different concepts. "Subjugation" refers to the change of dynasties, the change of a king, the name of the country. If the benevolence, justice and morality are not carried forward, the rulers abuse the people, and there are constant disputes among the people, the world will perish. The protection of the country only needs to be planned by emperors, ministers and people in charge of power. But the rise and fall of the "world" is also the responsibility of the humble people. "Leading beasts and cannibals" comes from "Mencius · King Hui of Liang". Rate: leading. Bring wild animals to eat people. In ancient times, it refers to the man among the common people, and generally refers to the common people.

allusion

In the spring and Autumn Annals, Zuo Zhuan, the 24th year of the Duke of Lu Zhao, Ren Shen, the second division of the prince's Dynasty, defeated both the flaws and apricots. Zheng Bo 3 as 4 jin, uncle Zi 5 phase 6, see fan Xianzi 7, Xianzi said: "if the royal family what?" He said: "I can't show mercy to my country. I dare to reach the royal family. I have also said:" I don't show mercy to my country, but I worry about the fall of Zongzhou. ". Now the royal family is so stupid that I am afraid of it. But what do we know about the worries of great powers? My son's early picture, the poem said: "the bottle is exhausted, only the shame of the neck." 10, the royal family's restlessness, Jin's shame. " He was afraid of offering his son, but compared with xuanzi in the 11 pictures, he would hold a meeting with the princes later. Notes: < ol > < li > the 24th year of Lu Zhaogong, 518 BC. < / Li > < li > Prince Dynasty, Song Dynasty doctor. < / Li > < li > ZHENG Bo, Zheng Dinggong. < / Li > < li > for example, to. < li > < li > uncle Zi was Zheng Zhengqing of the state of Zheng in the spring and Autumn period. < / Li > < li > phase, auxiliary also. < li > < li > fan Xianzi, Fan Yang, posthumous title Xian (Xian, Yin Xian). Diplomats of Jin State in the late spring and Autumn period. < / Li > < li > he didn't care about his latitude, but worried about the fall of Zongzhou. The idiom "Yi Bu Ti Wei" means "Yi, Yin Li, widow". Widows are not worried about spinning without yarn, but about the failure of the royal family. < / Li > < li > peer, YinChai, generation. If the bottle is exhausted, it will be a shame for Wei. Xiaoya, the book of songs. Bottle, sound bottle. Luo, yinlei, Dagang. Bottles and bars are wine vessels. The small is the bottle. The big one is the thread, and the two complement each other. A small bottle without wine is a shame to a large one. < li > < li > xuanzi, Zhao Dun, Shi Xuan. Liu Xiang in biography of Lienv: she is the daughter of Lu Qi Shi Yi. when Mu Gong was 2, Jun was old, the prince was young, and the girl was leaning on the pillar, whistling. His neighbor's wife followed him and said, "how sad is he Xiaozhi? Son wants to marry? I beg for my son. " "Ho!" said the lacquer housewife! In the beginning, I had knowledge of my son, but now I have no knowledge. How sad I am not to be married or happy! I worry about the old Lu Jun and the young prince. " The neighbor said with a smile, "this is the worry of doctor Lu. What's the matter with women?" "No, I don't know," she said. In the past Jin Dynasty, I left my family in the horse garden. Ma Yichi left and practiced my sunflower so that I would not eat sunflower all the year round. The neighbor's daughter ran 4, died 5, her family Qian 6, and my brother chased her. When the rain comes out, I drown and die. I have no brother all my life. I heard the river run nine miles, gradually 300 steps. Today, Lu Jun is old and rebellious, and the prince is young and stupid. Fu Lu state patients, monarchs and ministers, father and son are humiliated, harm the common people, women only safe to avoid! I am very worried. The son said, "what a woman who has nothing to do with her!" Xie, a neighbor's wife, said, "the son's concern is beyond my concubine's reach.". In the third year, Lu Guo was in chaos, and Qi Chu attacked it. Lu Lian was attacked by bandits, and men fought against him. Women were transferred 8 times and were not allowed to rest. The gentleman said, "it's far away. I think of my wife!" The poem says: "those who know me are worried, those who don't know me are asking for 9". eulogizes: the daughter of lacquer room, she has a very good plan, Weilu is in disorder, leaning on the pillar, whistling, Jun is old, Hei is young, stupid, rebellious and treacherous, Luguo is in disorder, Qi fells its city. note: < ol > < li > out of date and not suitable for people. Beyond the age of marriage. A woman marries when she is fit. < li > < li > Mu Gong, Lu Mu Gong, was born in 376 BC, at the same time as Confucius' grandson Kong Ji (Kong Chen, Zi SI). < / Li > < li > What's a woman like. And, sound pre, also. < / Li > < li > the neighbor ran. Elopement. < / Li > < li > died with others. To die is to flee. < / Li > < li > Qian, yinqian, please. < / Li > < li > gradually 300 steps. If, sound like, run also. < / Li > < li > transfer, service tax. < / Li > < li > those who know me are worried about me; those who don't know me are what I want. Book of songs Wang Feng Shu Li.

About the author

Gu Yanwu (1613-1682) was named Jiang, and his name was Zhongqing. After the death of Ming Dynasty, he was renamed Yanwu and named Tinglin. Kunshan people (now Jiangsu Province). He was born in a famous family. He studied hard as a teenager and was a scholar at the age of 14. Young people often talk about the imperial platform, oppose the Qing Dynasty and restore the Ming Dynasty. After failure, they visit famous mountains and rivers and concentrate on their studies. Gu Yanwu was a famous thinker and scholar in the late Ming Dynasty and early Qing Dynasty. He did not write useless articles in his life. He advocated "writing meticulously" and "being beneficial to the world"; he emphasized "being practical", opposed empty talk and paid attention to on-the-spot investigation. All his life, he wrote great works, and made great achievements in geography, Jinshi, and temperament. His books, such as Zhaoyu Zhi, Tianxia County libing Shu, Jinshi Wenzi Ji, and Yinxue Wushu, are of high academic value. His representative work rizhilu systematically expounds his views on philosophy, politics and economics. related stories Gu Yanwu, born in a rural official, studied since childhood and participated in the activities of social restoration at the age of 14. Fu society is a society that is trying to innovate, and its members are mostly patriotic intellectuals. When the Qing soldiers went south, Gu Yanwu took part in the anti Qing struggle and defended Kunshan with Yang Yongyan, the county magistrate of Kunshan. When the city broke, Gu Yanwu's two younger brothers were killed by the Qing soldiers, and his stepmother Wang also committed suicide by fasting. After that, he acted as a businessman and contacted the anti Qing forces. Later, he was chased by the government, fled Jiangnan and went to Shandong. For more than 20 years in the north, he insisted on fighting against the Qing Dynasty. After he was 50 years old, Gu Yanwu wrote rizhilu. "Even an ordinary person should be responsible for the rise and fall of the country," he said in the book Until his death at the age of 69, he always adhered to his national integrity. rizhilu Volume 13 Zhengshi there is the subjugation of the country, there is the subjugation of the world. Xi distinguishes between subjugation and subjugation, saying: the change of surname of Yi means subjugation, with plenty of benevolence and righteousness, while the change of surname of Yi means subjugation, and the change of surname means subjugation. Why did the idle talk of Wei and Jin Dynasty perish? It's Mencius' so-called Yang Mo's words, as for those who make the world without a father or a monarch into the beast. In the past, Ji Shao's father Kang was killed by King Wen of Jin Dynasty. At the time of Emperor Wu's revolution, Shan Tao recommended him to be an official. When he was in Shao, he held his private door and wanted to leave. Tao said, "I have been thinking for a long time. There is still news at four o'clock in heaven and earth, let alone at one time. " It's said that those who think it's true but don't know its defeat and righteousness hurt the teaching will lead the world but have no father. Fu Shao was not the king in Jin Dynasty. He forgot his father and acted as the king. When he had not died for more than 30 years, he had been fatherless for a long time. How could Tang Yin's death be enough to redeem his sin? At the beginning of his official career, he didn't know that there would be a failure of Chengyu, but he could establish his loyalty name to cover his later career. since the beginning of the Qing Dynasty, the ambiguity of great righteousness has spread all over the world. As the leader of the heresy, he made Ji Shao a virtuous man and ignored the injustice of the world. The theory of husband's evil and righteousness can't be separated from each other. If Shao is loyal, Wang Li is unfaithful. Why is it that he led his ministers to Liu Cong and shile to watch his old master Qingyi drink without moving his heart? It is to know and protect the world, and then know and protect the country. Those who protect the country, the monarch and his ministers, those who eat meat, and those who protect the world, the humble man, are responsible.

translation

Since ancient times, there have been cases of national and world subjugation. How to distinguish between subjugation and subjugation? That is: the surname of Yi was changed to the name of subjugation; the road of benevolence and righteousness was blocked, so that they led animals to eat people, and there was also life and death between people, which was called subjugation of the world. Why can the free talk of the Wei and Jin Dynasties perish? The reason is that Mencius said that Yang Zhu Mo Zhai's theory made people have no parents, no monarch, and degenerated into beasts. In the past, Ji Kang, Ji Shao's father, was killed by Sima Zhao, King Wen of the Jin Dynasty. When Emperor Wu of the Jin Dynasty established the Jin Dynasty, Shan Tao recommended Ji Shao as an official. Ji Shao lived in seclusion at that time and wanted to refuse. Shan Tao said to him, "I'm very considerate of you

Chinese PinYin : tiān xià xīng wáng，pǐ fū yǒu zé